WO1988004577A1 - Process and grinding-type device for the latter enabling processing of vital products - Google Patents

Abstract

Process and grinding-type device for processing vital products (1) by means of at least two operating components (8) arranged in a housing (7), cooperating essentially on the front face and of which one is directly driven. The use of grinding-type equipment has, as a result of the product-oriented treatment of a very wide range of goods (1) led to a large amount of specialized equipment. According to the invention the product (1) is cold-processed at a high processing speed (2, 8) with only a short effective processing zone (3, 4, 5) thus enabling a high quality product to be obtained. The grinding-type device (6) is a high performance unit that can be modified in a particularly easy manner depending on the specific purpose, in order to produce, by means of a single device (6) with interchangeable components (8), a multi-purpose type grinder which is highly versatile. Said device is characterized in that its housing (7) opens and closes easily, in that it contains operating components (8) which can be adjusted (11, 12, 13, 14, 108) and can be interchanged according to the product (1) by means of coupling elements (16), guide components (17) to separate the product parts treated, feed components (15, 18), as well as components for conveying (2) and discharging (19, 20) the product, and at least one drive system (9).

Description

 Method and mill-like device for its implementation for the treatment of goods of everyday needs

The invention relates to a method for the treatment of everyday goods, as well as medicine and reusable waste, and a mill-like device for carrying out the method by means of at least two working elements arranged in a device housing, essentially working together on the end face, at least one of which by a rotating one Drive is driven directly.

The use of mill-like devices for a wide variety of commercial purposes but also in the home has led to a large number of specially designed devices due to the special nature of the respective product and its product-oriented treatment.

The aim of the invention is one high-performance process and a corresponding mill-like device, which can be converted in a particularly simple manner depending on use with simple spatial shape and operability with operational reliability and freedom from maintenance, in order to create a multipurpose mill-type device which can be used as often as possible by means of only a single device with interchangeable device organs. or feed mill or oil mill, also as a fruit mill, in particular for removing or combing grapes, as a polishing mill for skinning nuts, in particular as a laboratory mill for grinding medication, as an attritor for treating paints and, last but not least, for producing wood fiber pulp from wood shavings can be used, the treatment of both relatively dry but also liquid-containing products or goods also with the addition of liquids or vice versa for separating the liquid product parts from the products can lie.

The objective of the task is solved according to the characteristics or characteristics of the claims.

Advantages achieved by the invention can be seen, inter alia, in the fact that with economical use of the device, selectable installation on the respective floor at atmospheric pressure in the housing, but also with a relatively dense design of the Device housing, the treatment of the goods with pressure and relatively high speed of the work organs can be carried out in a particularly short treatment time by the device, with a high quality of the respective end product being guaranteed.

In the drawing description of the exemplary embodiments explained below, further advantages of the invention are also specified.

The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing, without being limited to these.

Show it:

FIG. 1 shows an axial section or a side view of an operational mill-like device,

2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 almost entirely in a side view in the open state, in that the yoke or the yoke-like housing cover of the device housing is raised or swung out to the side,

Figure 3 and Figure 4 easily detachable connections of work organs the device of Figure 1 and its

Mounts,

FIG. 5 shows a schematic side or sectional view of a mill-like device according to the invention modified with respect to the embodiment according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 6 shows a schematically indicated further variant of a material conveying means that can be used in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 in the form of a roots pump,

Figure 7 is a schematic side view, especially the

Working elements according to FIG. 5, consisting of a brush and a sieve working together with it, which is also only shown in a top view,

FIG. 8 enlarges the vertical axial section through the central part of the device in the embodiment according to FIG. 5, whereby, in deviation from FIG. 5, the working elements are designed as disks, such as e.g. used for grinding cereals.

Figure 9 shows the axial section through the same

Device design as in Figure 8, however across the cut of this figure,

FIG. 10 shows a part of an axial section as in FIG. 9 with a brush and a sieve instead of disks as working elements,

Figure 11 shows a part of a filter that instead of a

Sieve is used for the treatment of the goods,

FIG. 12 schematically shows a top view of the device according to FIG. 5, in which the rotating drive of the device arranged outside the device housing is only indicated by its V-belt pulley and

Figure 13 is a schematic representation of a side view of the device in the viewing direction on its yoke.

In FIG. 1, an axial section or a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a ready-to-use mill-like device for carrying out the method according to the invention, the goods to be treated are marked with 1, a possible material conveying means, such as a screw or pump (see FIGS. 5 and 6 in detail) ) with 2, a central collection area with 3, the periphery with 4, the much smaller crop treatment area with 5, the mill-like device with 5 in total, its device housing with 7, the front-working working elements with 8, its rotating drive with 9, repeatedly releasable and reclosable connecting means 10 on the device housing 7 like a hinge with 11 and a working with this buckle closure designated 12. The working members 8 are arranged individually on a holder 13 each, these 13 being eccentric relative to one another and at least one of the two 13 being displaceably arranged with the aid of adjusting means 14 relative to the other holder 13, and on one of the two holders 13, the associated working member 8 is freely wobbling is. The holder 13, which also serves to supply the goods between the working organs 8 which cooperate on the end face into the material collection area 3, or a tube which cooperates with the latter, for example as part of a goods feed organ 18, is designed as a stationary feed pipe 15. This results in the essential advantage that the supply of goods is always guaranteed without interruption, even when working at high speeds. The working members 8 are easily connected to the associated bracket 13 via coupling elements 16. This enables simple and quick replacement of the required organs. The device housing 7 can, depending on the good 1, if necessary Guide elements 17 for collecting or in particular for

Separation of parts of the treated goods 1 included. On the device housing 7 there is also at least one material supply member 18 which, depending on the material 1 to be treated, may have at least one material conveying means 2 in the form of a screw conveyor 99, in particular a conveying part 112 or a conveying pump (see FIGS. 6, 8 and 9), like a root -Pump, working together. The removal of the treated goods or the good parts 1 takes place by means of one or more goods removal members 19, which are arranged on the bottom of the device housing 7. At least on the working element 8 in the form of a disk arranged on the holder 13 or on the good supply pipe 15, in the area of the central feed opening 60 in the working element 8 corresponding to the good supply pipe 15, this 60 is expanded to form an approximately dent-shaped free space 103 in order to form a central collecting area 3 , which opens out in the radial direction to the periphery 4 of the working member 8 in a gap-shaped crop treatment area 5 located between the facing end faces 61 of the two working members 8. The feed side disk 8 has an essentially annular edge zone 62 in the crop treatment area 5. Their axial section with respect to the facing end face 61 of the other working element 8 is generally a convex meridian section 110, the edge zone 62 thus being convex. This works with a complementary concave face 111 of the other working body 8 together. By means of the

Device 6 can be used to treat the goods 1 with pressure at a high number of revolutions of the rotating drive 9 advantageously in a particularly short treatment time in a remarkably cool manner. The goods supply member 18 is arranged on a yoke 22 or a yoke-like housing cover 23 which, at one end or at an edge point 24, is pivoted about a hinge 11 serving as a connecting means 10 and the housing 7 can thereby be opened and closed again. In order to be able to optimally adjust the mutual distance between the mutually facing end faces 61 of the two working elements 8 in the crop treatment area 5, depending on the crop 1 to be treated, the hinge 11 is fastened to an adjusting means 14, which consists of a guide part 25 fixed to the device housing 7 and a guide part 25 on the latter by means of an adjusting screw 26 in the axial direction of the brackets 13 adjustable adjustment part 27. At the other end 28 of the yoke 22 or the further edge point 29 located opposite the edge point 24 there is a hook 30 projecting over the device housing 7, on which a buckle closure 12 serving as a connecting means 10 on the one hand with its repeatable clip 31 of its own Buckle 32 attacks. To adapt to the respective adjustment of the adjustment part 27 or for uniform. Setting the distance of the end faces 61 is the buckle holder 33 of the Buckle closure 12 on the other hand by means of a

Adjusting screw 35 fixed at a point 36 of the device housing 7 adjusably. Because the Schnal lenhalterung 33 in conjunction with a set screw 34, which is guided in a fixed at the point 36 on the device housing 7 sleeve 109, by means of the adjusting screw 35 which is supported on this 109, can be adjusted to suit the particular item to be treated 1 the position of the yoke 22 adjusted by the adjusting means 14 on the one hand and readjusted by the adjusting screw 35 on the other hand, and thereby the mutual spacing of the end faces 61 of the working members 8 are equalized. The yoke 22 or the yoke-like housing cover 23 has a central yoke opening 37 for the supply of the respective goods 1, through which a feed funnel 38 serving as a material supply member 18 passes through the yoke 22 or the housing cover 23 with the supply funnel tube 39.

This stationary feed funnel tube 39 is concentrically surrounded at a distance 48 by a tube 40, which serves as a wobbling holder 13 and is held at its yoke-side end 41 by a first ring 42. This 42 is arranged by means of pins 43 in a second ring 44 so as to be pivotable about the axis of those pins 43, this ring 44 using yoke pins 45 with a yoke pin axis 46 arranged transversely to the latter axis in yoke flanges 47 of the yoke 22 or housing cover 23 swiveling. As a result of the stopped pipe

39 can be blocked even with high-speed revolving tube 40 by the centrifugal force acting on it, the tube 39 serving to feed the material 1 by no accumulation of the supplied material 1 on the inside of the latter tube.

At least one sealing ring 89, in particular a lip seal, is arranged between the feed funnel tube 39 on the one hand and the tube 40 concentrically surrounding this 39, on the other hand, which means that even with relatively high ambient pressures of the material 1 to be treated, a steady supply of the tube 40 even at a high rotational speed good to be treated cold and, if necessary, parts to be separated and discharged is guaranteed.

The respective first working element 8, such as a first disc or brush, is coupled to this tube 40 at the free end 49 of the tube 40 by means of coupling elements 16 designed as elements 50 that can be engaged or disengaged, and is therefore tumbling, i.e. swaying in circles, freely rotatable.

A second working element 8, such as a second disk, which can be driven by means of a rotating drive 9, such as an electric motor, is arranged opposite the front of the first working element 8 Depending on the material to be treated, an adjustable distance 51 remains free on the end faces of the two working elements 8.

The second working element 8 is arranged in the device housing 7 or through its housing foundation generally inclined with respect to the bottom 120, the axis 52 of the second working element 8 having a parallel and eccentric position with respect to the axis 53 of the feed funnel tube 39 and with respect to the first working element 8. The second working element 8 can be driven via driver cams 54 also serving as coupling elements 16 and releasable connecting means 86 of a rotor plate 55 of the drive 9 carrying this working element 8 and designed as a coupling part 20, the latter being accommodated on an intermediate wall 56 of the device housing 7 in a housing part 57. Due to the coupling elements 16, a quick exchange of the working elements 8 is ensured in a simple manner.

Arranged between the intermediate wall 56 on the one hand and the working members 8 on the other hand is a collecting trough 58 for the treated goods 1, which has at least one outlet 59 serving as a goods removal member 19.

The by the treatment of the respective good 1 of Wear subject part of the respective work organ

8 is held on its portion 81 facing the holder 13 by a pot-shaped socket 82, the portions 81 by means of driver cams 54 of the sockets 82 serving as coupling elements 16 or their support plates 84 by releasable blending elements 86 mil as the coupling part 20 for the respective holder 13 provided rotor plate 55 or rib star 87 are releasably connectable. The first working member 8 arranged at the free end 49 of the pipe 40 is connected directly to the pipe 40 or a coupling part 20 on the latter, in particular by means of elements 50 fastened to the end 49 and resiliently latching in or out on the edge of the working member 8, thereby advantageously an easy pushing on and fixing or pulling off the tube 40 is possible. Between the partial areas 81 on the one hand and the pot-shaped sockets 82 on the other hand, coupling elements 16 belonging to them can also be provided in the form of fixing cams 122 for the production of a positive connection between the parts 81 and 82, so that no relative movement of the latter parts can occur with rotating working elements 8. The pot rim 113 of the socket 82 ensures that at least the partial areas 81 and the parts 114 subject to wear are held together even when the working elements 8 or the centrifugal forces are high. The material feed member 18, such as the feed hopper 69, has in the generally an adjustable metering element 104 for the

Control of the supply of the goods 1 to be treated in each case, the metering element 104 being provided with at least one actuating element 105.

Figure 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 1 almost entirely in side view, the device housing 7 is shown by lifting the yoke 22 laterally in the open state. In FIG. 2, the device parts that are already shown in FIG. 1 are identified in the same way as in FIG. The yoke 22 appears raised at the edge point 29 provided with the hook 30 and at the same time pivoted about the hinge 11 on the adjusting means 14. Position 43 indicates one of the two pins by means of which the first ring 42, which holds the tube 40, is arranged in a second ring 44 so as to be pivotable about the common axis of the two pins 43. The second riny 44 can be pivoted by means of yoke pins 45 with a yoke pin axis 46 arranged transversely to the latter common axis and by means of yoke flanges 47, and thereby the first working element 8 is supported in a wobbling manner.

FIG. 3 shows in detail an example of a releasable connection of the tumbling holder 13 in the form of a tube 40 to the first working element 8, as shown in FIG. 1. The free end 49 of the tube 40 has one or more serving as coupling elements 16 Elements 50 which can be resiliently engaged or disengaged, which engage on a coupling member 20 on the first working member 8 and thereby hold the working member 8 in the position thereby fixed even when it rotates.

FIG. 4 shows, in a modification of the example according to FIG. 3, also in detail an embodiment of a releasable connection between the second working element 8 on the one hand and the rotor plate 55 of the rotating drive 9 on the other hand. The second working element 8 has a pot-shaped socket 82 which holds the parts 114 of the working elements 8 which are subject to wear by the treatment of the respective goods 1 on the partial areas 81 facing the holders 13. The socket 82 is provided for this purpose with driver cams 86 which pass through the rotor plate 55 serving as coupling part 20 and are held at their grooves 116 located above these free ends 115 by pivoting locking parts 117 which engage in them. The respective locking part 117 is fastened to the locking pin 55 by a locking pin 118 which pivots it. The latter parts are also shown enlarged in section in a side and top view. Further variants of releasable connections of the holders 13 to the working members 8 are described in the examples below.

The working elements 8 have the basic shape of a disc or a brush, the latter with at least one

Sieve and / or possibly cooperates with a filter. The disks at least partially have at least rough end faces and are made of cast iron or ceramic. Depending on the good 1 to be treated, the mutually facing end faces 61 of the working members 8 are provided with radial or concentric ribs, which can also be arranged in staggered groups.

5 shows a modification of the design of the mill-like device according to FIG. 1 in a schematic side or sectional view. Corresponding positions in the two figures and in FIGS. 2 to 4 are identified identically. The material to be treated is again 1, a material conveying means 2 in the form of a screw conveyor 99 actuated by a drive 9 or a feed pump (see schematically indicated in FIG. 6) with 100, the central material collecting area with 3, its periphery with 4, which is essential smaller area of good treatment between the first and the second working element 8, ie the brush and at least one sieve, with 5, furthermore the mill-like device in its entirety again with 6 and the device housing surrounding the two working elements 8 with 7. This 7 is held by a housing support frame 21. At its 21 points 63 and 64 located opposite one another (see in detail FIG. 13) there is one each Flange fork 65 for a bolt 68 for holding the

Yokes 22 are provided. By removing one of the bolts 68, the yoke 22 can be pivoted about one of its two ends 24 and 28 around the other bolt 68, and in particular the work elements 8 can be exchanged in a simple manner. The material feed element 18 in the form of a feed funnel 69 with a metering element 104 therein, together with an actuating element 105, are arranged on the angled feed funnel tube 70. This 70 is subdivided by a coupling consisting of a funnel and a yoke-side pipe coupling flange 71 or 72 or is fixedly connected to the yoke 22 via these 71, 72. That by means of the yoke side

Pipe coupling flange 72 flanged pipe part 119 of the feed funnel pipe 70, which passes through 119 the yoke 22 and is in fixed connection therewith, at the same time forms the holder 13 of the driven working element 8 designed as a brush, in that the pipe part 119 has a support bearing 73 that rotates around it for a V-belt pulley 74 as well as the brush 8 driven via this 74. This has a central feed opening 60 corresponding to the pipe part 119 for the feed of the goods 1 to be treated in each case into the goods collection area 3. A further holder 13 in the form of an axis 75 fixed by the housing support frame 21 guides at least one sieve 8 cooperating with the brush 8 at the free end 76 of the axis 75 in a wobbling or oscillating manner in a freely rotatable manner. Center lines 78 and 77 of the first and second

Bracket 13 occupy a parallel and eccentric position in space.

About the same position as the contact planes 90 of the mutually facing end faces 61 of the working members 8 is the interior 91 of the device housing 7 for the separate reception of parts of the item 1 being treated in each case, such as cores on the one hand and Meische on the other hand, by a dividing guide member 17 in the form of an exchangeable two-part separating wall 92 and 93 divided. The two partial spaces 94 and 95 formed in this way each have an outlet 96 and 97 which serves as a material removal member 19.

The housing support frame 21 of the mill-like device 6 has an inclined position with respect to the floor 120, so that the separately collected parts of the item 1 being treated in each case can be automatically discharged from the sub-spaces 94 and 95 by means of the outlets 94 and 95 and can be used for further use .

In order to change the position of one holder 13 of the sieve 8 relative to the other holder 13 of the brush 8, the adjustment means 14 used in the embodiment according to FIG

Means 108 provided that an automatic Readjustment of the adjustment means 14 enables.

A variant of a material conveying means 2 in the design of a Roots pump 100 is indicated schematically in FIG. Instead of the screw conveyor 99, this is arranged in the feed hopper tube 70 and enables the goods to be treated 1 to be fed quickly. As the feed feed member 18, a feed hopper 38 or a waste collection container or the like (not shown) on which the pump 100 can be provided can be provided as in the embodiment according to FIG is connected via a pipeline.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic side view, in particular of the working elements 8, consisting of a brush 8 and a sieve 8 working with it, as these working elements 8 are indicated in FIG. 5. The screen 8 is also shown solely in plan view. The brush 8, like the disks in FIG. 1, is clamped in a pot-shaped holder 82, the central feed opening of which is named 60 and the adjoining delleπ-shaped free space 103. The sieve 8 cooperating with the brush 8 is held by means of a frame 83 by a support ring 85 which is detachably connected to a ribbed star 87 which carries this 85. In the top view of the sieve 8, the holes for the passage of a part of the material to be treated, such as Meische, are designated by 121. FIG. 8 shows an enlarged view of the central part of the device in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 in a side view in axial section. In deviation from FIG. 5, the working elements 8 consist of disks, such as those used for grinding grain, for example.

The working element in the form of a disc 8, which is driven via the V-belt pulley 74 by means of a V-belt 101 serving as a coupling part 20 by the rotating drive 9 (see FIG. 13), runs with the aid of a support bearing 73 around the pipe part flanged to the feed funnel tube 70 by means of the coupling 71, 72 119 um, which serves as a fixed holder 13 of the rotating disk 8. Accordingly, the driven V-belt pulley 74 rotates together with a rib star 87 driven by these 74 by means of the support bearing 73 around the holder 13 or the tubular part 119. The rib star 87 is detachably connected to the cup-shaped holder 82, as described in connection with the design with respect to the rotor plate 55. The subareas facing the brackets 13 of the parts 114 of the disks 8 which are subject to wear are again designated by 81. The sockets 82 again have driving cams 86 serving as coupling elements 16, which pass through the driven rib star 87 serving as coupling part 20, such that their respective free end 115 with its groove 116 lies over the rib star 87 protrudes. Each cam 86 assigned to one

Locking pin 118 on the rib star 87 pivotably attached locking part 117 engages by pivoting into the groove 116 of the adjacent driving cam 86, whereby the disk 8 is releasably locked to the rib star 87 and can therefore be easily replaced or replaced by another working element. In this embodiment too, the socket 82 can have fixing cams 122 for positive connection to the portion 81 of the pane 8 which is subject to wear and which faces the cup-shaped socket 82.

The moving disc 8, which cooperates with the disc 8 driven by the drive 9, has essentially the same structure as the driven disc 8. An essential difference is that the rib star 87 of the disk 8, which is driven by the driven disk 8 by friction, has a wobble cup 79 in its central center 88 on the side facing the holder 13, which is mounted in a pot bearing 80. The located opposite the driven second disc 8 and moving with it the first disc 8 is guided by a further bracket 13 in the form of an axis 75 fixed by the housing support tube 21 at its free end 76 wobbling, or swaying in circles, by the rounded and undercut free end 76 of the axis 75 engages in the wobble cup 79 and this forms the fixed abutment for this 79, a driving wedge being provided between the parts 76 and 79.

The working elements or disks 8 are surrounded by the device housing 7. Sealing rings 89 are provided between this 7 and the driven rib star 84 and the fixed shaft 75 and also between the driven disk 8 and the stationary tube part 119, so that the device 6 can also be operated with an internal overpressure with respect to the environment. The device housing 7 is, as FIG. 5 already shows, divided by a two-part separating wall 92 and 93, of which one part 92 is fastened on the inside of the stationary housing 7 and the other part 93 on the moving disc 8 or its ribbed star 87 and the Overlap parts 92 and 93 slightly with a mutual gap. A bearing seal 123 is arranged between the support bearing 73 on the one hand and the driven rib star 84 on the other hand.

The other positions in FIG. 8 are again designated like the corresponding parts in the previous figures. The material 1 to be treated in each case is conveyed through the stationary tube part 119, in particular under the action of the screw conveyor 99 serving as material conveying means 2, through the central feed opening 61 corresponding to the tube part 119 Good collection area 3 conveyed, centrifuged at its periphery 4 and treated in the good treatment area 5 which continues with this at a high rotational speed of the disks 8, a disk depending on the operation between the driven disk 8 on the one hand and the disk 8 which moves with it over the good 1 to be treated by frictional engagement resulting slip occurs.

In the case of granular material 1, a sufficiently large angle of inclination of approximately 30 degrees against the floor 120 is sufficient for the screw conveyor 99 to pass through the material 1 flowing in due to its impact on the conveyor part 112, which is located at the end of the screw conveyor 91 in the region of the central feed opening 61 or Gutsammelbereiches 3 is set in rotation and thereby the inflow of the good 1 is promoted. In the case of goods 1 which are partly finer or to be treated again, an enlargement of the aforementioned inclination angle is sufficient to ensure a constant flow of goods. With bulky goods 1, such as grapes. B., a arranged at the free end of the screw conveyor 99 drive 9, such as an electric motor, is set in motion so that the material 1 can also be fed perpendicular to the screw conveyor 99. The material conveying or conveying part 112 has approximately the shape of a crescent-shaped half-spiral which is at least covered with plastic at its free ends. To maintain a desired adjustable

Distance 51 between the mutually facing end faces 61 of the first relative to the second working element 8, that is to say the one moving with respect to the driven disc 8, is determined even with different instantaneous distribution of the goods 1 between the latter end faces 61 and also when the mutual position of these end faces 61 is adjusted and readjusted the wobbling mounting of the moving or trailing disk 8 due to slippage compensates for any irregularities in the distance in a self-correcting manner, which is a significant advantage of the invention, for example Cores are not crushed and there is no impairment of taste.

In Figure 9, the axial section through the device design according to Figure 8 is shown transversely to the section of this figure. Corresponding parts in both figures are the same or as designated in the previous figures. FIG. 9 clearly shows the parallel but eccentric arrangement of the two brackets 13, that is to say of the tubular part 119 on the one hand and the fixed axis 75 on the other, on which the free-running or idling disk 8 is mounted in a wobbling manner. The center line 78 of the first holder 13 or the axis 75 accordingly has a parallel eccentric position with respect to the center line 77 of FIG. 9 in the plane axial section second bracket 13 or the pipe part 119.

The equalization of the aforementioned distance 51 between the mutually facing end faces 61 of the driven disk 8 on the one hand and the idler disk 8 on the other hand with the help of the tumbling bearing of the idler disk 8 is considerably improved in retrospect by the mutual eccentric position of the two brackets 13. The disks 8 with different diameters rotating at approximately the same rotational speed move past one another at different peripheral speeds. Slip occurs between the driven disk 8 on the one hand and the moving or following disk 8 on the other hand, which enables the goods to be torn. In the case of radial or coaxial ribbing, in particular also in groups, the rotation of the cooperating end faces 61 with the resulting change causes the cutting angle of the ribs to be due to the simultaneous wobbling of the trailing disk 8 and because of the relative displacement caused by the eccentricity of the disks 8 of the end faces with a correspondingly set distance 51 between these 61 causes the material to be treated to shear. The processing of the goods 1, which can be guaranteed in the manner described above, ensures a special quality of the treated goods due to its short cold treatment, which is the case with the known ones Devices only with a low number of turns

Work organs is possible.

FIG. 10 shows part of an axial section after the execution as in FIG. 9, but with a brush and a sieve instead of with disks. Parts that correspond to those of the previous figures are again labeled the same as these. The working element 8 designed as a brush has a plastic body 124 for holding the bristles 125. The contact planes 90 of the two working elements 8 or their mutually facing end faces 61 are realized on the one hand by the free ends of the Borston 125 and on the other hand by a sieve 8 which is attached to the circumference of the rib star 07 by means of releasable connecting means 86, such as screws Support ring 85 is held by a frame 83.

Figure 11 shows in part an embodiment of the working element 8, which instead of a sieve consists of a filter or a filter mass 126, which is arranged between two grids 127 and 128, of which the grating 127 in contact with brush 8 and the other grating fine-meshed 128 is of coarse mesh. The fine-mesh grid 127 protects the filter 126 against abrasion during the treatment of the material 1, holds the filter 126 together with the supporting coarse-mesh grid 128, the latter allowing the filter to pass quickly filtered good 1 allowed.

The device 6 according to the invention is designed as a grain mill or forage mill for grinding and fine painting with ribbed disks in hard cast iron or oxide ceramic, as an attritor for lacquers and foodstuffs with disks made of marble, graphite or oxide ceramic or porcelain, as an oil mill for olives and other crops with disks Porcelain and Oxydcherarπik, as a polishing mill for skinning roasted hazelnuts and almonds in the chocolate industry with slices with bristles, for removing or combing grapes during wine production, the slices are also equipped with bristles, for the production of wood fiber pulp from machine chips that result as waste with the help of emery disks, as a laboratory grinder for fine grinding of medication and active ingredients and as a fruit grinder for the crushing and grinding of fruit in the production of must and fruit juice with the aid of disks made of various ceramics.

The version with a rotating filter is ideal for juicing Beermaische, as well as for the production of applesauce and tomato puree. A particular advantage here is the possibility of the continuous loading of the filter and the continuous separation of the solids. The rotating filter is also suitable for gluing and dewatering of waste paper pulp and for dewatering sludge, whereby the solids can be fed to the fertilization as granules. In addition to the applications listed so far, it should also be pointed out in particular that the device according to the invention can also be used very well for wet grinding, both for thin pulps and for very thick pastes which are pressed through the mill with very great pressure have to.

Because the supply of the respective goods 1 to be treated takes place through a stationary, hollow holder 13 or at least through a feed pipe 15 which is stationary relative to the holder 13, the system of the device 6 between the goods supply 18 and the discharge organs 19 is tight, the goods can 1 during its wet treatment also be pressed with pressure or forcedly by the device 6.

FIG. 12 schematically shows a top view of the device according to FIG. 5, the revolving drive 9 of the device 6 arranged outside the device housing 7 being indicated only by its V-belt pulley 129. The individual positions already named in the preceding figures or explained in the figure descriptions are identified in the same way in FIG. To adjust the free gap 106 between the facing End faces 61 of the working members 8 is the means of

Housing support frame 21 stabilized axis 75 by means of an adjusting means 14 arranged on the frame 21 in the form of an adjusting yoke 130 by means of an adjusting handwheel 131 in the direction of its axis 75. The selected adjustment is determined by means of the fixing lever 110. The adjustment yoke 130 is again pivotably mounted at one end 132 like the yoke 22 according to FIG. 1 and is held in a position-changing manner at the other end by an actuator 131 of a readjustment device 108. The automatic readjustment of the adjusting means 14 or adjusting yoke 130 is carried out by the actuator 108 as a function of the effective pressure between the two working elements 8 and the material 1 treated in each case by the yoke 130 by the actuator

108, the position of which depends on the pressure, e.g. is changeable by a reducing valve, is still slightly shifted somewhat and the yoke 130 is pivoted accordingly.

In the above-described embodiments of the device 6, an adjustable metering element 104 with an actuating part 105, such as a pivotable or displaceable flap, can be provided for controlling or regulating the supply of the goods 1 to be treated in the goods supply member 18, such as the feed hopper 38 or 69 . The regulation of the metering element 104 can be carried out in particular as a function of the throughput the device 6 take place.

In Figure 13, the last-described embodiment of the device 6 in the direction of the yoke 22 and 130 is shown schematically in side view. The positions in FIG. 13, insofar as indicated, again correspond to the designations in the previous figures. The housing support frame 21, which generally holds the device housing 7 inclined with respect to the floor 120, also forms a one-sided mounting of the rotating drive 9 arranged outside the housing 7 and driving the working elements 8. The drive 9 mounted in such a rocking manner becomes the V-belt serving as coupling element 20 101 kept tensioned by the action of the drive 9, thereby ensuring coupling of the V-belt pulley 74 on the support bearing 73 to the V-belt pulley 129 of the drive 9.

Claims

Claims 1. Process for the treatment of goods (1) Living requirements, as well as medicine and waste that can be recycled, characterized in that the respective good (1), such as grain or fruit or nuts or medication, is at least as turbulence-free as possible through its own weight or the force effect of at least one circulating good conveying means (2) fed to a centric material collection area (3) and continuously centrifuged on its (3) periphery (4), which (4) merges into a material treatment area (5) that is significantly smaller than the material collection area (3), and there with a high treatment speed with short treatment effects cold treated and, if necessary, parts of the treated material (1) are separated from one another and these are removed separately from the good treatment area (5). 2. Mill-like device (6) for executing the Method according to claim 1 by means of at least two working elements (8) arranged in a device housing (7), essentially working together on the end face, at least one of which is driven directly by a rotating drive (9), characterized in that the device housing (7) is caused by a change in position How to swivel a part of it (7), including the device parts or organs, by hand by means of repeatedly releasable and reclosable connecting means (10), such as a hinge (11), possibly in cooperation with a buckle fastener (12), for the exchange easy to open by device organs and can be connected again to a housing unit (7) which contains at least two working organs (8) for the treatment of the respective goods (1), each of which is arranged on a holder (13), these holders (13) eccentric to each other and at least one of the two (13) with the aid of adjusting means (14) in their position in relation to the other holder (13) is arranged to be changeable and on one of the two holders (13) a working member (8) is freely staggered and that the holder also serves to feed the goods between the working members (8) into the crop collection area (3) (13) is designed as a stationary feed pipe (15) or at least cooperates with a feed pipe that is stationary relative to the holder (13) that the Working elements (8) are connected to the associated holder (13) in an easily replaceable manner via coupling elements (16), and that the device housing (7), depending on the goods (1), has at least one guide element (17) for collecting or separating parts of the respective one Good (1) contains that at the device housing (7) at least one good supply element (18) with depending on the good to be treated (1), possibly at least one good conveying means (2) and one or more good removal elements (19) for the good or good parts being treated (1) are arranged and that at least one revolving drive (9) is provided for at least one of the working elements (8) and, depending on the goods (1), for the respective goods conveying means (2), if applicable, including the goods conveying part, the means (8, 2 ) are coupled to the respective rotating drive (9) with the aid of coupling parts (20). 3. Device (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that at least on the holder (13) or on the feed pipe (15) arranged working member (8) in the form of a disc or brush in the area of the feed pipe (15) Corresponding central feed opening (60) in the working member (8) this (60) is expanded to form an approximately dent-shaped free space (103) to form a central material collecting area (3) Radial direction to the periphery (4) of the working member (8) opens into a gap-shaped crop treatment area (5) located between the facing end faces (61) of the two working members (8). 4. The device (6) according to claim 3, characterized in that at least the feed-side working member (8) in the form of a disk in the crop treatment area (5) has a substantially annular edge zone (62), seen in axial section relative to the facing end face (61 ) of the other working element (8) generally has a convex meridian section (110) and thus a convex edge zone which cooperates with a complementary concave end face (111) of the other working element (8). 5. The device (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that the working members (3) are designed as disks or brushes and at least as a sieve, optionally with a filter. 6. The device (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that the working members (8), such as disks, with at least partially rough end faces are made of cast iron or ceramic, in particular are embodied as emery disks. 7. The device (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that a yoke (22) or a yoke-like getia cover (23) covering the device housing (7) or the housing support frame (21) holding the device housing (7) in the region of the goods supply member (18) ) is arranged that the yoke (22) or the housing cover (23) at one end or an edge point (24) around a as a connecting means (10) serving hinge (11) on the device housing (7) is arranged so that the hinge (11) is fastened to an adjusting means (14) which consists of a guide part (25) fixed to the device housing (7) and an adjusting part (27) which can be adjusted in the axial direction of the brackets (13) by means of an adjusting screw (26), that at the other end (28) of the yoke (22) or the further edge point (29) located opposite the edge point (24), a hook (30) projecting beyond the device housing (7) is fastened, to which a hook (10) as connecting means (10) serving buckle fastener (12) engages on the one hand with its repeatable clip (31) of its buckle (32), the buckle holder (33) of the buckle fastener (12) in connection with a threaded pin (34) which is in one on one Point (36) on the device housing (7) attached sleeve (109) is guided by means of a (109) itself supporting adjusting screw (35) can be readjusted such that the yoke (22) or the housing cover (23) has a central yoke opening (37) for the supply of the respective goods (1), through which a feed funnel (38) serving as a goods supply member (18) ) passes through the yoke (22) or the housing cover (23) with the feed funnel tube (39) that a tube (40) serving as a wobbling holder (13), concentrically surrounding the stationary feed funnel tube (39) at a distance (48), on its yoke side. End (41) is held by a first ring (42) which is arranged by means of pins (43) in a second ring (44) pivotable about the axis of those pins (43), said ring (44) with the help of yoke pins ( 45) with yoke pin axis (46) arranged transversely to the aforementioned axis and being pivotable by yoke flanges (47) of the yoke (22) or the housing cover (23), that between the feed funnel tube (39) on the one hand and the tube concentrically surrounding this (39) (40) on the other hand, at least one sealing ring (89), in particular a lip seal, is arranged such that the respective first working element (8), such as a first disc or brush, is attached to the free end (49) of the tube (40) by means of Coupling elements (16), which can be resiliently latched or disengaged, are coupled to the latter (40) and are thus mounted in a tumbling manner, that is to say fluctuating in a circle, such that the first Working element (8) at an adjustable distance (51) on the face opposite a second working element (8), such as a second disk, which can be driven by means of a rotating drive (9), such as an electric motor, in the device housing (7) or through the housing foundation with respect to the floor (120) is generally inclined, the axis (52) of the second working element (8) being parallel and eccentric with respect to the axis (53) of the feed hopper tube (39) and with respect to the first working element (8), the second Working element (8) via driver cams (54) serving as coupling elements (16) of a rotor plate (55) carrying this working element (8) and designed as a coupling part (20) of the drive (9), which can be driven on an intermediate wall (56) of the device housing (7) is accommodated in a partial housing space (57) and that between the first and second working element (8) on the one hand and the intermediate wall (56) on the other hand is the working element (8) underpinning, serving as a guide member (17) for the material to be treated (1), which has at least one outlet (59) serving as a material removal member (19). 8. The device (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that at opposite points (63) and (64) one of the device housing (7) comprising a housing support tube (21) each has a flange fork (65) with guide holes (67) aligned on the fork ends (66) for receiving a respective bolt (68), by means of which a yoke (22) at its ends ( 24) and (28) is held that a feed hopper serving as a material feed member (18) (69) using its angled hopper tube (70) is firmly connected to the yoke (22) via the coupling consisting of funnel-side and yoke-side pipe coupling flanges (71) and (72), the yoke-side pipe coupling flange (72) having the tube part (119) of the feed funnel tube (70) flanged through it ) the yoke (22) passes through and at the same time is firmly connected to it and between the yoke (22) on the one hand and the device housing (7) surrounding at least the working elements (8) on the other hand on the fixed tubular part (119) serving as the holder (13) Arranged around this rotating support bearing (73) of a V-belt pulley (74) and the second working element (8), such as a second disc, which is driven via this (74), which working element (8) is connected to the tube (70) or (119 ) has a corresponding central feed opening (60) for the feed of the goods (1) to be treated in each case into the goods collection area (3), that with respect to the latter second working element (8) by means of a further holder g (13) in the form of an axis (75) stabilized by the housing support frame (21) the first working member (8) is guided such that it can rotate freely around the free end (76) of the axis (75) or sway in a circle, the center lines (77) and (78) of the second and the first holder (13) have a parallel and eccentric position in space that the second working element (8) is guided by means of a swash pot (79) arranged on the rounded and undercut free end (76) of the axis (75) and by means of a rotating one on it Pot bearing (80) is arranged so that the part (114) of the working elements (8) subject to wear due to the treatment of the respective goods (1), such as the disks or emery disks or brushes and sieves or filters, on which the holders ( 13) facing partial areas (81) are arranged in pot-shaped sockets (32) or frames (83) such that at least the support plates (84) of the pot-shaped sockets (82) or the support rings (85) of the frames (83) of the screens and / or filter at their areas facing the respective holder (13) with the aid of driver cams (54) serving as coupling elements (16) or detachable connecting means (86) having support rings (85) including frame (83) each with a ribbed star (20) serving as coupling part (20) 87) are connected, in the central center (88) of the second working element (8) the tube part (119) of the feed funnel tube (70) and the first working element (8) a pot bearing (80) including a swash pot (79) is arranged that between the device housing (7) on the one hand and the driven rib star (87) on the second working element (8) and the fixed axis (75) on the first working element (8) on the other hand, further between the second working element (8), such as the driven second disk, on the one hand, and the pipe part (119), on the other hand, sealing rings (89) are provided that are approximately in the same position as the contact planes (90) of the mutually facing end faces (61) of the working elements (8) at least one guide element (17) which divides the interior (91) of the device housing (7) for the separate collection of parts of the respective treated material (1) in the form of an interchangeable, at least two-part separating wall (92, 93) to form part spaces ( 94.95) and the subspaces (94.95) each have at least one second and third outlet (96.97) serving as a material removal member (19), that in the straight part (98) of the feed hopper hres (70) or flanged pipe (119) a screw conveyor (99) serving as material conveying means (2) and conveying the material to be treated (1) to the work organs (8), in particular with a conveying part (112) or a conveying pump (100), is arranged like a Roots pump, which can be actuated by a rotating drive (9), that the device housing (7) is generally inclined with respect to the base (120) holding housing support frame (21) at the same time only one-sided bracket dos outside of Device housing (7) arranged, the working elements (8) driving rotary drive (9) which is coupled to the V-belt pulley (74) for driving the second working element (8) by means of a V-belt (101) serving as a coupling part (20) and held taut by the drive (9), and that at least one of the End faces (61) of the two mutually facing work organs (8) in the area of their central center (102), such as central feed opening (60), to form a collecting area (3) for the respective good (1) to be treated, at least one dent-shaped free space ( 103). 9. The device (6) according to claim 8, characterized in that the material feed member (18), like the feed hopper (69), with an adjustable dosing element (104) for the control or regulation of the feed of the respective goods to be treated (1). is equipped, the one (104) having an actuating element (105). 10. The device (6) according to claim 8, characterized in that for the adjustment of the free gap (106) between the mutually facing end faces (61) of the working members (8) Adjusting means (14) is provided in the form of an adjusting yoke (130) arranged on the housing support frame (21), which can be adjusted by means of an adjusting handwheel (131) which can be fixed by means of a fixing lever (107), the adjusting means (14) optionally being equipped with one of these (14) automatically readjusting device (108) is equipped.