WO1987006698A1 - Apparatus for measuring the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1987006698A1 WO1987006698A1 PCT/SE1987/000223 SE8700223W WO8706698A1 WO 1987006698 A1 WO1987006698 A1 WO 1987006698A1 SE 8700223 W SE8700223 W SE 8700223W WO 8706698 A1 WO8706698 A1 WO 8706698A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- measuring
- plant
- measuring part
- lamp
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6486—Measuring fluorescence of biological material, e.g. DNA, RNA, cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N2021/635—Photosynthetic material analysis, e.g. chrorophyll
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N2021/6484—Optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6408—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence with measurement of decay time, time resolved fluorescence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/02—Mechanical
- G01N2201/022—Casings
- G01N2201/0221—Portable; cableless; compact; hand-held
Definitions
- This invention relates to a portable apparatus usuable for field measurements of the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants and plant parts,containing chlorophyll.
- a measure of the fluorescence is obtained.
- the level of the obtained tension is determined by the content of chloro ⁇ phyll and the photochemical activity of the sample and gives information about the capacity of the potential photosyn- thesis.
- the obtained signal from the sample is transformed to a digital signal, which in its turn can be stored and treated in a one card computer.
- F is maximal fluorescence and FO. initial fluorescence, i.e. the fluorescence when the photochemical process starts.
- a low value of the quotient means that the efficiency of the photosynthesis is low and by that is indicated that the plant "feels" worsely than if the quotient had been higher. In a fresh leaf the quotient is about 0,85, while the quotient falls towards zero when the function of photo- synthesis is deteriorated due to stress.
- Another way to present the result is to registrate the whole fluorescence process during a certain time and then print the result in a printer or a "display" which ; can present graphs.
- the invention gives a possibility to optimize climate factors for instance in plant houses on basis of the informa ⁇ tion about the stress experience of the plants.
- the invention can be modified for measurement in aquatic environments.
- Another application area is within forestry, when there i " s ⁇ a desire to measure the condition of plants that are to be planted. In many cases today weak plants are planted, having the consequence that these plants die during the time of the year when the stress load is the greatest.
- the invention is adapted for tests in the field and, due to that fact, becomes easy to handle.
- the equipment is adapted for battery power.
- Fig. 1 shows " an embodiment in perspective view for field measurements
- Fig. 2 shows a principal picture of the invention and Fig.3 shows a common fluorescence response.
- the main components of the invention are a system part 1, a measuring part 2, fiberoptical means 3 and measuring bulbs 4.
- the system part 1 is a unit that treats the information from the measuring part 2.
- the information consists of analogous tensions 0 to 10V which via for instance a cable 5 are trans ⁇ mitted to the system part 1.
- a number of measuring bulbs 5 4, which are fastened onto leaves, needles or the similar, can be connected to the measuring part 2 by means of an optical fiber 3.
- the measuring bulb 4 is so designed that it can be fastened onto leaves and the similar by a simple hand grip.
- the measuring bulb 4 is provided with a lid 21
- test procedure 15 carried out by the operator, who connects the optical fiber 3 to the measuring bulb 4 via the connection 6. After that, necessary parameters are set by the key board 8 of the measuring part 2 and the start operation begins.
- the test procedure can last between 3 to 30 seconds depending on adjusted times
- the fluorescence is registrated in the measuring part 2 by means of the optical fiber 3.
- the light signal is trans ⁇ formed to an analogous tension which is via the cable 5 transmitted to the system part 1 for treatment.
- 25 part 1 is built up round a one card computer having in-functions and out-functions.
- the computer registrates the fluorescence response in digital form in the memory of the computer. Then the computer can determine the desired values and present these
- the result transcription can be maximal fluorescence ( ), initial fluorescence (FO) or a quotient
- a printer can be connected to the outlets 9,10 of the system part 1 for transcription of the fluorescence response according to Fig. 3.
- the system part 1 for instance, can be carried on the shoulders of a person by means of the straps 11, while the measuring part is carried round the neck.
- the system part 1 and the measuring part 2 of course, can be built together to a unit.
- Fig. 2 shows the principal construction of the measuring equipment.
- the measuring part 2 mainly comprises a lamp
- a shutter # system 16 has been applied according to Fig. 2. Shutter times are selected on the key board 8. During the time the shutter system 16 is open, the leaf is hit by the emitted light. The fluorescence starts, having the consequence that light is emitted from the leaf via the optical fiber 18 to the detector 19 of the measuring part 2.
- a filter 20 is given the task of filtrating away light which is reflected via the leaf and which cannot be derived from the fluorescence.
- the detector 19 comprises a photo diode which together with the remaining electronic means transforms the incoming quantity of light to an analogous tension.
- the analogous tension reaches the system part via the cable 21.
- the analogous tension is transformed to a digital quantity, which is registrated in the memory of a one card computer. Then, calculations can be made on the input values.
- Fig. 3 there is shown a characteristic fluorescence response that can arise.
- the fluorescence y- axis
- x-axis is shown as a function of time
- This invention is a good instrument to use for instance in the field for quick and effective measurements of stress in plants in order to map out environmental factors having a negative effect on the vitality of a plant.
- the invention is also an excellent instrument for judgement of damages caused by pollutions like for instance sour fall ⁇ outs and similar things.
- the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned and described embodiment but, of course, modifications are possible within the scope of the invention idea.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus for measuring the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants and plant parts containing chlorophyll. The apparatus comprises a measuring part (2) having among other things a lamp (12) which is activated regarding intensity of light, switches on and switches off. The light of the lamp is arranged to be filtrated in a filter (15) to a suitable wave length and be led to the plant via an optical fiber (13). The fluorescence response of the plant is arranged to be sent back via an optical fiber (18) and a filter (20) to a detector (19) for transformation to an analogous quantity, which can then be treated further in a system part (1).
Description
APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS OF PLAN
This invention relates to a portable apparatus usuable for field measurements of the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants and plant parts,containing chlorophyll.
All green plants contain chlorophyll. Plants are subjected to stress if the climate factors are unfavourable. By measuring the stress influence on plants, a measure of the vitality of the plant is obtained. This is valuable for instance in plantations of different kinds, for instance plant schools and plantations of vegetables. Another application area can be research with the purpose to find plants, which are hardy against stress, and for studying stress in the natural ecological system. When measuring stress, the fluorescence of the chlorophyll is utilized when a plant is illuminated by a light of a suitable wave length. The qualities of the fluorescence are strongly influen¬ ced by stress.
By illuminating for instance a leaf with blue light having the wave length of 400-500 nm.and at the same time measuring the emitted fluorescence light from the plant and transform this to a measurable tension that can be treated, a measure of the fluorescence is obtained. The level of the obtained tension is determined by the content of chloro¬ phyll and the photochemical activity of the sample and gives information about the capacity of the potential photosyn- thesis. The obtained signal from the sample is transformed to a digital signal, which in its turn can be stored and treated in a one card computer.
The result of the measurement can .be presented in several ways. One way is to determine a quotient Fmax - FO , p which will lie between zero and one. max
F is maximal fluorescence and FO. initial fluorescence, i.e. the fluorescence when the photochemical process starts.
The closer one the quotient is, the more effective is the function of the photosynthesis. Thus, a low value of the quotient means that the efficiency of the photosynthesis is low and by that is indicated that the plant "feels" worsely than if the quotient had been higher. In a fresh leaf the quotient is about 0,85, while the quotient falls towards zero when the function of photo-
synthesis is deteriorated due to stress.
Another way to present the result is to registrate the whole fluorescence process during a certain time and then print the result in a printer or a "display" which ; can present graphs.
The invention gives a possibility to optimize climate factors for instance in plant houses on basis of the informa¬ tion about the stress experience of the plants.
Other application areas can be environmental research, for instance into damages depending on sour environment.
The invention can be modified for measurement in aquatic environments.. Another application area is within forestry, when there i"s~ a desire to measure the condition of plants that are to be planted. In many cases today weak plants are planted, having the consequence that these plants die during the time of the year when the stress load is the greatest.
The invention is adapted for tests in the field and, due to that fact, becomes easy to handle. In order to manage field conditions, the equipment is adapted for battery power.
Today, there are no equipments functioning well for field studies for measuring the fluorescence.
People improving the plants are today directed to plant physiologists having complicated, expensive equipments which " do not always function well in the field. Furthermore, it has been difficult to reproduce measurements with the existing equipments... This invention intends to eliminate the above- mentioned drawbacks and give a possibility for non-plant physiologists to carry out the test. This has been made possible by an apparatus of the kind mentioned by way of introduction which has the characterizing features appearing from the claims.
The invention shall be described more closely with reference to the accompanying drawings, where Fig. 1 shows " an embodiment in perspective view for field measurements,
Fig. 2 shows a principal picture of the invention and Fig.3 shows a common fluorescence response.
The main components of the invention are a system part 1, a measuring part 2, fiberoptical means 3 and measuring bulbs 4. '
The system part 1 is a unit that treats the information from the measuring part 2. The information consists of analogous tensions 0 to 10V which via for instance a cable 5 are trans¬ mitted to the system part 1. A number of measuring bulbs 5 4, which are fastened onto leaves, needles or the similar, can be connected to the measuring part 2 by means of an optical fiber 3. The measuring bulb 4 is so designed that it can be fastened onto leaves and the similar by a simple hand grip. The measuring bulb 4 is provided with a lid 21
10 which can be opened so that when applying the bulb 4 onto a plant leaf, it at least partially encloses the same. Due to the fact the measuring bulb 4 can put the test surface of the leaf into darkness when there is no test, whereby a necessary adaption to darkness is. obtained. The test is
15 carried out by the operator, who connects the optical fiber 3 to the measuring bulb 4 via the connection 6. After that, necessary parameters are set by the key board 8 of the measuring part 2 and the start operation begins. The test procedure can last between 3 to 30 seconds depending on adjusted times
Zσ for the measurement.
The fluorescence is registrated in the measuring part 2 by means of the optical fiber 3. The light signal is trans¬ formed to an analogous tension which is via the cable 5 transmitted to the system part 1 for treatment. The system
25 part 1 is built up round a one card computer having in-functions and out-functions.
The computer registrates the fluorescence response in digital form in the memory of the computer. Then the computer can determine the desired values and present these
30 ones on the display 7 of the measuring part, if that is desired. Several fluorescence -responses can be stored in the memory of the computer in order to be treated at a later occasion, so-called datalogging. The system part is operated by the key board 8 of the measuring part 2. By the key board
35 8 are operated switches on and switches off, times for illumina¬ a ting the test object and selection of desired result transcrip¬ tion. The result transcription can be maximal fluorescence ( ), initial fluorescence (FO) or a quotient
40 and be presented on the display 7 as numerical values.
The measuring result can also be presented as a graph according to Fig. 3 if the display 7 is adapted for that. A printer can be connected to the outlets 9,10 of the system part 1 for transcription of the fluorescence response according to Fig. 3.
In order to be able to utilize the equipment under field conditions, this one has been provided with straps 11. The system part 1, for instance, can be carried on the shoulders of a person by means of the straps 11, while the measuring part is carried round the neck. For getting the best possible field character, the system part 1 and the measuring part 2, of course, can be built together to a unit.
Fig. 2 shows the principal construction of the measuring equipment. The measuring part 2 mainly comprises a lamp
12 which is activated by a lamp activating unit 13 regarding intensity of light and switches on and switches off. The light generated by the lamp 12 is reflected in a cold light reflector 14 and then passes a filter 15 where only light of a certain bandwidth can pass. In this case blue light is desired in order that the fluorescence maximum of the chlorophyll shall be obtained. For governing the quantity of light hitting the surface of the test object, a shutter # system 16 has been applied according to Fig. 2. Shutter times are selected on the key board 8. During the time the shutter system 16 is open, the leaf is hit by the emitted light. The fluorescence starts, having the consequence that light is emitted from the leaf via the optical fiber 18 to the detector 19 of the measuring part 2. A filter 20 is given the task of filtrating away light which is reflected via the leaf and which cannot be derived from the fluorescence. The detector 19 comprises a photo diode which together with the remaining electronic means transforms the incoming quantity of light to an analogous tension. The analogous tension reaches the system part via the cable 21. In the system part 1, as has been proviously mentioned the analogous tension is transformed to a digital quantity, which is registrated in the memory of a one card computer. Then, calculations can be made on the input values. in Fig. 3 there is shown a characteristic fluorescence
response that can arise. Thus, there the fluorescence (y- axis) is shown as a function of time (x-axis).
This invention is a good instrument to use for instance in the field for quick and effective measurements of stress in plants in order to map out environmental factors having a negative effect on the vitality of a plant.
The invention is also an excellent instrument for judgement of damages caused by pollutions like for instance sour fall¬ outs and similar things. Thus, the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned and described embodiment but, of course, modifications are possible within the scope of the invention idea.
Claims
1. A portable apparatus usuable for field measurements of the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants and plant parts con¬ taining chlorophyll, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the combi¬ nation of the following features:
- a measuring part (2) provided with a keyboard (8) having a display screen with which keyboard parameters desirable for the measurement can be set, and comprising a lamp (12), the ligh flow of which is intended to be filtrated in a filter (15) and be led to the plant via an optical fiber (3), the fluorescence response of the plant being arranged to be sent back via an op¬ tical fiber (18) and a filter (20). to a detector (19) for trans¬ formation of the incoming quantity of light to an analogous ten¬ sion,
- a measuring bulb (4) which is connected with the measur¬ ing part (2) via the optical fiber (3) and a connection (6) app¬ lied on the measuring bulb (4), and which has a lid (21) which can be opened so that the measuring' bulb at application onto a plant leaf at least partially surrounds the leaf, whereby a necessary adaptation to darkness is obtained,
- a system part (1) connected with the measuring part (2) and comprising a computor having in-functions and out-functions for transforming the information from the measuring part (2) in the form of analogous tensions to digital quantities, which information is registrated in the memory of the computor for presentation on the display (7) of the measuring part.
2. A portable apparatus according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the lamp (12) is activated by the key¬ board (8) of the measuring part (2) via a lamp activating unit (13) regarding intensity of light, switches on and switches off.
3. A portable apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, c h a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d in that the light flow from the lamp (12) of the measuring part (2) is reflected in a reflector (14) and after having passed the filter (15) is directed into the opti¬ cal fiber (3) via a shutter device (16) which is activated from the keyboard (8) of the measuring part (2).
4. A portable apparatus according to anyone of the preced¬ ing claims', c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the detector (19) comprises a photodiode.
5. A portable- apparatus according to anyone of the preced¬ ing claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the system part (1) has outlets (9,10) for connecton to a separate printer.
6. A portable apparatus according to anyone of the preced¬ ing claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that it is adapted for battery power.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8602011A SE8602011D0 (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-04-30 | DEVICE FOR SEATING PHOTOSYNTHESIS EFFECTIVENESS OF VEGAS |
| SE8602011-2 | 1986-04-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1987006698A1 true WO1987006698A1 (en) | 1987-11-05 |
Family
ID=20364400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SE1987/000223 Ceased WO1987006698A1 (en) | 1986-04-30 | 1987-04-30 | Apparatus for measuring the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE8602011D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1987006698A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991010352A1 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-25 | Lännen Tehtaat Oy | Method for the detection of plants |
| EP0434644A3 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-05-20 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche | Instrument for the two-channel measurement of the fluorescence of chlorophyll |
| FR2696235A1 (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-01 | Patrice Rat | Illumination device for a fluorescence analysis system, for example fluorimeter for microtitering, in particular in cell biology. |
| US5406089A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1995-04-11 | Photonucleonics Ndt, Inc. | Phytoluminometer |
| WO1998041845A1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-24 | Physical Optics Corporation | Modular fiber optic fluorometer |
| US5854063A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1998-12-29 | The State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Method and apparatus for spectrophotometric observation of plants |
| US5981958A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1999-11-09 | Li; Ning | Method and apparatus for detecting pathological and physiological change in plants |
| JP2001527213A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2001-12-25 | コミユノテ・ウロペエンヌ | Non-destructive analysis device for vegetation and vehicle equipped with such device on vehicle |
| FR2837574A1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-09-26 | Alsacienne Pour Le Dev Et L Et | Process to determine the health of plant and identify nutritional deficiencies, comprises comparing chlorophyll fluorescence curve of plant with reference curves |
| EP1912059A1 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-16 | Basf Se | Mobile device for fluorescence detection and its use |
| CN101666476B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-01-26 | 光茵生物科技股份有限公司 | LED Plant Photosynthesis Lamp |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4084905A (en) * | 1976-03-11 | 1978-04-18 | Canadian Patents & Development Limited | Apparatus for detecting and measuring fluorescence emission |
| DE3303510A1 (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1983-07-14 | Peter Dr.-Ing. Gräber | Computer-controlled fluorometer having an evaluation unit for pollutant detection on intact plants and isolated chloroplasts |
| EP0137157A2 (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-04-17 | Fisher Scientific Company | Fluid analysis technology using fluorescence type sensors |
| US4533252A (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1985-08-06 | Yeda Research And Development Company Ltd. | Device and method and measurement of photosynthetic activity by photoacoustic spectroscopy |
| DE3518527A1 (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-11-27 | Ulrich 8700 Würzburg Schliwa | Pulse-based fluorometer |
| WO1986007461A1 (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-18 | The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. | Instrument for measuring the photosynthetic activities of plants |
| EP0215399A2 (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-03-25 | DNA Plant Technology Corporation | Plant stress detection |
-
1986
- 1986-04-30 SE SE8602011A patent/SE8602011D0/en unknown
-
1987
- 1987-04-30 WO PCT/SE1987/000223 patent/WO1987006698A1/en not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4084905A (en) * | 1976-03-11 | 1978-04-18 | Canadian Patents & Development Limited | Apparatus for detecting and measuring fluorescence emission |
| US4533252A (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1985-08-06 | Yeda Research And Development Company Ltd. | Device and method and measurement of photosynthetic activity by photoacoustic spectroscopy |
| DE3303510A1 (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1983-07-14 | Peter Dr.-Ing. Gräber | Computer-controlled fluorometer having an evaluation unit for pollutant detection on intact plants and isolated chloroplasts |
| EP0137157A2 (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-04-17 | Fisher Scientific Company | Fluid analysis technology using fluorescence type sensors |
| DE3518527A1 (en) * | 1985-05-23 | 1986-11-27 | Ulrich 8700 Würzburg Schliwa | Pulse-based fluorometer |
| WO1986007461A1 (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-18 | The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. | Instrument for measuring the photosynthetic activities of plants |
| EP0215399A2 (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-03-25 | DNA Plant Technology Corporation | Plant stress detection |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5406089A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1995-04-11 | Photonucleonics Ndt, Inc. | Phytoluminometer |
| US5576550A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1996-11-19 | Photonucleonics Ndt, Inc. | Phytoluminometer |
| EP0434644A3 (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-05-20 | Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche | Instrument for the two-channel measurement of the fluorescence of chlorophyll |
| WO1991010352A1 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-25 | Lännen Tehtaat Oy | Method for the detection of plants |
| FR2696235A1 (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-01 | Patrice Rat | Illumination device for a fluorescence analysis system, for example fluorimeter for microtitering, in particular in cell biology. |
| EP0591034A3 (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-27 | Patrice Rat | Illumination arrangement for fluorescence analysis systems, for instance fluorimeters for microtitration, especially in cellular biology |
| WO1995011443A1 (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-04-27 | Photonucleonics Ndt, Inc. | Phytoluminometer |
| AU687114B2 (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1998-02-19 | Photonucleonics Ndt, Inc. | Phytoluminometer |
| US5981958A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1999-11-09 | Li; Ning | Method and apparatus for detecting pathological and physiological change in plants |
| US5854063A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1998-12-29 | The State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Method and apparatus for spectrophotometric observation of plants |
| WO1998041845A1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-24 | Physical Optics Corporation | Modular fiber optic fluorometer |
| US5994707A (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1999-11-30 | Physical Optics Corporation | Modular fiber optic fluorometer and method of use thereof |
| JP2001527213A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2001-12-25 | コミユノテ・ウロペエンヌ | Non-destructive analysis device for vegetation and vehicle equipped with such device on vehicle |
| FR2837574A1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-09-26 | Alsacienne Pour Le Dev Et L Et | Process to determine the health of plant and identify nutritional deficiencies, comprises comparing chlorophyll fluorescence curve of plant with reference curves |
| WO2003081217A1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-02 | Societe Alsacienne Pour Le Developpement Et L'etude De La Fertilite - S.A.D.E.F. Sarl | Method for evaluating the photosynthetic activity of a plant and, in case of perturbation, for identifying the deficiencies in particular nutritional and device therefor |
| EP1912059A1 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-16 | Basf Se | Mobile device for fluorescence detection and its use |
| CN101666476B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-01-26 | 光茵生物科技股份有限公司 | LED Plant Photosynthesis Lamp |
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| SE8602011D0 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
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