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WO1987005972A1 - Piston engine, in particular radial piston engine - Google Patents

Piston engine, in particular radial piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1987005972A1
WO1987005972A1 PCT/EP1987/000160 EP8700160W WO8705972A1 WO 1987005972 A1 WO1987005972 A1 WO 1987005972A1 EP 8700160 W EP8700160 W EP 8700160W WO 8705972 A1 WO8705972 A1 WO 8705972A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
piston engine
control pin
ring
bearing bush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1987/000160
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Weckbrodt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of WO1987005972A1 publication Critical patent/WO1987005972A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F03C1/0403—Details, component parts specially adapted of such engines
    • F03C1/0435—Particularities relating to the distribution members
    • F03C1/0438—Particularities relating to the distribution members to cylindrical distribution members

Definitions

  • Piston engine especially radial piston engine
  • the invention relates to a piston engine, with a housing, with adjustable pistons in the housing and with an output shaft mounted in the housing, which has a second bearing point designed as a control pin with control grooves and connecting lines, the control pin being mounted in a bearing bush which is inserted into 'the housing and surrounded by it.
  • Piston engines which are generally operated with oil, should have the same speed, if possible, in the cold and in the warm state, with the same absorption volume. This means that inevitably occurring leakage oil should be the same in the cold and in the warm state. However, this requirement cannot be met, or can only be, in the known piston engines. realize conditionally. If the control pin is stored in a bearing bush made of gray cast iron, there is a risk that it will jam at high temperatures. In addition, a bearing bush made of this material cannot be subjected to particularly high loads because of its relatively poor bearing properties. The same applies to a steel bearing bush. If the control pin is stored in a bearing bush made of aluminum, jamming can occur in the cold state.
  • control pin In order to be able to maintain a suitable material pairing between the control pin and the bearing bush and thus the same control play both in the cold and in the warm state, it has also been proposed to design the control pin as a separate part and to fasten it to the drive shaft .
  • such a construction is relatively complex and expensive.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a piston engine of the type mentioned at the outset which, with the same absorption volume, has the same speed as possible at different temperature ranges, which is to be achieved with simple means.
  • the bearing bush consists of a plain bearing material and that the bearing bush is surrounded by a gray cast iron or steel ring, the ring being dimensioned in such a way that the thermal expansion of the ring and bearing bush together at least approximately so is as large as the thermal expansion of the control pin.
  • the combination or assignment of the individual parts and materials according to the invention means that, according to the invention, the gap sizes between the control boxes and control grooves in the control pin and the bearing bush can be kept almost the same at different temperatures.
  • a plain bearing material generally expands considerably more at higher temperatures than, for example, gray cast iron or steel, from which the control pin generally consists, but because the bearing bush is surrounded by the gray cast iron or steel ring, the bearing bush becomes closed at one strong expansion prevented.
  • the ring practically forms a firm corset around the bearing bush.
  • the gray cast iron or steel ring forms part of the housing.
  • the ring consists of the same material as the housing and is produced in a simple manner with this as a unit.
  • a reduction in the diameter of the housing can be achieved in various ways. For example, a step-like step in the housing is possible. Likewise, the extensibility of the ring can be improved by bores, pockets, recesses, indentations or the like running in the area of the control pin at least approximately axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the control pin and distributed over the circumference of the housing. be formed.
  • the holes, pockets, and the like. off the ceiling! side end of the housing be introduced.
  • Al s plain bearing material for the bearing bush is, for example, aluminum or an aluminum! very suitable.
  • the ring and the housing will advantageously be made of gray cast iron, because this material is also very suitable for forming the cylinder walls for the radial pistons, as a result of which separate cylinders can be omitted.
  • the bearing bush also forms the cover for the housing and for the control pin.
  • the bearing bush fulfills two functions.
  • Fig. 1 a longitudinal section through a radial piston engine according to the invention
  • the radial piston motor according to the invention is fundamentally of a known type, which is why only the parts that are essential for the invention are discussed in more detail below.
  • the eccentric shaft 3 has a housing 1 with a cover 2.
  • An eccentric shaft 3 with an eccentric 4 is mounted in the housing 1 and the cover 2.
  • the eccentric shaft 3 has on one side an output pin 5 which is mounted in a roller bearing 6.
  • the second bearing which is designed as a slide bearing, because this " bearing is also designed as a control pin 7 for controlling the pressure medium, generally oil.
  • the slide bearing surrounds the control pin 7 as a bearing bushing 13, the bearing bushing 13 also simultaneously forming or being integral with the cover 2.
  • the cover 2 is connected to the housing 1 by a plurality of screws distributed over the circumference.
  • pistons 8 which are evenly distributed in corresponding bores of the housing and are displaceable in the radial direction over the circumference of the housing 1.
  • the upper piston is shown in FIG. 1 shortly before its piston chamber is provided with oil via a pressure line 9 ' for generating a working stroke.
  • the piston chambers are each sealed to the outside by screw cap 15.
  • An oil outlet line 10 is located in the lower region of the housing 1.
  • a second outlet line 10A can optionally be provided.
  • a connecting bore in the form of an oblique bore 16 leads from the annular groove 12 to a segment-like pressure supply groove 14 for supplying oil to the respective piston chambers.
  • a segment-like disposal groove for the piston spaces, the pressure supply groove 14 and the disposal groove being separated from one another by a web.
  • an inclined bore leads to a further circumferential groove 17, from which a line (also not shown) leads to the outlet opening 10 and possibly to the outlet opening 10A.
  • the connection between the pressure supply groove 14 and the respective pressure line 9 for each radial piston 8 produces a radial bore 18 in the bearing bush 13.
  • the bearing bush 13 consists of aluminum vacuum casting as a sliding bearing material.
  • the drive shaft 3 with the control pin 7 is made of steel and the housing 1 is made of gray cast iron.
  • the bearing bush 13 surrounds a ring 19 which is integral with the housing 1.
  • the ring has a significantly smaller diameter than the area of the housing 1 in which the radial pistons 8 are mounted. This is achieved by means of a step-shaped shoulder 20.
  • the outside and inside diameters of the ring 19 and also the outside and inside diameters of the bearing bush 13 are matched to one another in such a way that, when the temperature rises, they together receive a thermal expansion which corresponds at least approximately to the thermal expansion of the control pin 7. Since the bearing bush 13 wants to expand much more, the ring 19 acts as a corset or like a tension ring, but the ring 19 must be dimensioned so that it "breathes" to a small extent so that the desired same heat ⁇ ⁇
  • the housing 1 is correspondingly weakened in the area of the control pin 7.
  • the weakening of the housing in this area can also be achieved by other measures.
  • the housing 1 also has at least approximately its original diameter in the area of the control pin.
  • a large number of blind bores 21 are made from the end face on the cover side and distributed over the circumference.
  • the blind bores extend at least approximately over the entire length of the control pin.
  • the -S-bores 21 and the original housing diameter are indicated by dashed lines.
  • recesses, recesses 22 or the like can of course also be provided, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3 at the top right.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

A piston engine, in particular a radial piston engine, is provided with a housing (1) containing movable pistons (8) and a drive shaft (3) carried on a bearing in said housing. The drive shaft is provided with a second bearing designed as a control pin (7) with control grooves and connection passages. The control pin (7) is supported in a bearing bushing (13) inserted in the housing (1) and surrounded by the latter. The bearing bushing (13) is made of a sliding bearing material and is surrounded by a grey cast iron or steel ring (19). Said ring (19) is so dimensioned that the thermal expansion of the ring (19) and bearing bushing (13) combined is at least approximately as great as the thermal expansion of the control pin (7).

Description

*\ * \

Kolbenmotor, insbesondere RadialkolbenmotorPiston engine, especially radial piston engine

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolbenmotor, mit einem Gehäuse, mit in dem Gehäuse verstellbaren Kolben und mit einer in dem Gehäuse gelagerten Abtriebswelle, die eine als Steuerzapfen mit Steuernuten und Verbindungsleitungen ausgebildete zweite Lagerstelle aufweist, wobei der Steuerzapfen in einer Lager¬ buchse gelagert ist, welche in 'das Gehäuse eingesetzt und von diesem umgeben ist.The invention relates to a piston engine, with a housing, with adjustable pistons in the housing and with an output shaft mounted in the housing, which has a second bearing point designed as a control pin with control grooves and connecting lines, the control pin being mounted in a bearing bush which is inserted into 'the housing and surrounded by it.

Kolbenmotore, die in der Regel mit Öl betrieben werden, sol¬ len bei gleichem Schluckvolumen möglichst gleiche Drehzahl im kalten und im warmen Zustand besitzen. Dies bedeutet, zwangsläufig auftretendes Lecköl soll im kalten und im war¬ men Zustand gleich .sein. Diese Forderung läßt sich jedoch bei den bekannten Kolbenmotoren nicht oder nur. bedingt ver¬ wirklichen. Wird der Steuerzapfen in einer Lagerbuchse aus Grauguß gelagert, so besteht die Gefahr, daß er bei hohen Temperaturen klemmt. Außerdem ist eine Lagerbuchse aus die¬ sem Material wegen ihrer relativ schlechten Lagereigenschaf¬ ten nicht besonders hoch belastbar. Gleiches gilt für eine Lagerbuchse aus Stahl. Wird der Steuerzapfen in einer Lager¬ buchse aus Aluminium gelagert, so kann eine Verklemmung im kalten Zustand auftreten. Um eine geeignete Werkstoffpaarung zwischen dem Steuerzapfen und der Lagerbuchse und damit so¬ wohl im kalten als auch im warmen Zustande gleiche Steuer¬ spiele einhalten zu können, hat man auch schon vorgeschla¬ gen, den Steuerzapfen als gesondertes Teil auszubilden und an der Antriebswelle zu befestigen. Eine derartige Konstruk¬ tion ist jedoch relativ aufwendig und teuer.Piston engines, which are generally operated with oil, should have the same speed, if possible, in the cold and in the warm state, with the same absorption volume. This means that inevitably occurring leakage oil should be the same in the cold and in the warm state. However, this requirement cannot be met, or can only be, in the known piston engines. realize conditionally. If the control pin is stored in a bearing bush made of gray cast iron, there is a risk that it will jam at high temperatures. In addition, a bearing bush made of this material cannot be subjected to particularly high loads because of its relatively poor bearing properties. The same applies to a steel bearing bush. If the control pin is stored in a bearing bush made of aluminum, jamming can occur in the cold state. In order to be able to maintain a suitable material pairing between the control pin and the bearing bush and thus the same control play both in the cold and in the warm state, it has also been proposed to design the control pin as a separate part and to fasten it to the drive shaft . However, such a construction is relatively complex and expensive.

Λ Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kolbenmotor der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, der bei gleichem Schluckvolumen möglichst eine .gleiche Dreh¬ zahl bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturbereichen besitzt, wo¬ bei dies mit einfachen Mitteln erreicht werden soll.Λ The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a piston engine of the type mentioned at the outset which, with the same absorption volume, has the same speed as possible at different temperature ranges, which is to be achieved with simple means.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Lagerbuchse aus einem Gleitlagerwerkstoff besteht, und daß die Lagerbuchse von einem Grauguß- oder Stahlring umgeben ist, wobei der Ring derart dimesioniert ist, daß die Wärme¬ dehnung von Ring und Lagerbuchse zusammen wenigstens annä¬ hernd so groß ist wie die Wärmedehnung des Steuerzapfens.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the bearing bush consists of a plain bearing material and that the bearing bush is surrounded by a gray cast iron or steel ring, the ring being dimensioned in such a way that the thermal expansion of the ring and bearing bush together at least approximately so is as large as the thermal expansion of the control pin.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination bzw. Zuordnung der einzelnen Teile und Werkstoffe lassen sich nunmehr erfiπ- dungsgemäß die Spaltgrößen zwischen den Steuerkaπten und Steuernuten in dem Steuerzapfen und der Lagerbuchse bei un¬ terschiedlichen Temperaturen nahezu gleich halten. Zwar dehnt sich ein Gleitlagerwerkstoff im allgemeinen bei höhe¬ ren Temperaturen wesentlich mehr aus als z.B. Grauguß oder Stahl , aus dem im allgemeinen der Steuerzapfen besteht, aber dadurch, daß die Lagerbuchse von dem Grauguß- oder Stahlring umgeben ist, wird die Lagerbuchse an einer zu starken Ausdeh¬ nung gehindert. Praktisch bildet der Ring ein festes Korsett um die Lagerbüchse. Da sich jedoch bei höheren Temperaturen auch der Steuerzapfen ausdehnt, ist es jedoch erforderlich, den Ring um die Lagerbuchse so zu dimensionieren, daß, unter Berücksichtigung der niedereren Temperaturen in diesem Be¬ reich und des Druckes der Lagerbuchse auf dem Ring aufgrund der Dehnung der Lagerbuchse, der Ring und die Lagerbuchse zu¬ sammen wenigstens annähernd die gleiche Wärmedehnung wie der Steuerzapfen erhalten. Dies bedeutet, daß Ring und Lagerbuch« se zusammen im geringen Umfange "atmen", die Lagerbuchse je¬ doch an einer ihrem normalen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten ent¬ sprechenden Ausdehnung gehindert ist. Auf diese Weise blei¬ ben die Steuerspiele zwischen der Lagerbuchse und dem Steuer¬ zapfen auch bei verschiedenen Temperaturen gleich.The combination or assignment of the individual parts and materials according to the invention means that, according to the invention, the gap sizes between the control boxes and control grooves in the control pin and the bearing bush can be kept almost the same at different temperatures. Although a plain bearing material generally expands considerably more at higher temperatures than, for example, gray cast iron or steel, from which the control pin generally consists, but because the bearing bush is surrounded by the gray cast iron or steel ring, the bearing bush becomes closed at one strong expansion prevented. The ring practically forms a firm corset around the bearing bush. However, since the control pin also expands at higher temperatures, it is necessary to dimension the ring around the bearing bush in such a way that, taking into account the lower temperatures in this area and the pressure of the bearing bush on the ring, due to the expansion of the bearing bush , the ring and the bearing bush together receive at least approximately the same thermal expansion as the control pin. This means that ring and stock book « They "breathe" together to a limited extent, but the bearing bush is prevented from expanding according to its normal coefficient of expansion. In this way, the control clearances between the bearing bush and the control pin remain the same even at different temperatures.

In einer einfachen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgese¬ hen, daß der Grauguß- ode»- Stahlring einen Teil des Gehäuses bildet. Dies bedeutet, daß der Ring aus dem gleichen Werk¬ stoff wie das Gehäuse besteht und in einfacher Weise mit die¬ sem als eine Einheit hergestellt ist.In a simple embodiment of the invention it is provided that the gray cast iron or steel ring forms part of the housing. This means that the ring consists of the same material as the housing and is produced in a simple manner with this as a unit.

Im allgemeinen wird es jedoch erforderlich sein, daß zur Er¬ reichung der gewünschten Dehnbarkeit des Ringes eine Durch¬ messerreduzierung des -Gehäuses oder eine sonstige Schwächung des Materials für eine gewünschte Dehnung im Bereich der Steuerzapfen vorgenommen wird. In dem Gehäuse selbst sind nämlich die Radialkolben gelagert, weshalb im übrigen Be¬ reich das Gehäuse einen entsprechend großen Durchmesser benö¬ tigt.In general, however, it will be necessary to reduce the diameter of the housing or to weaken the material for a desired stretch in the area of the control pins in order to achieve the desired stretchability of the ring. The radial pistons are mounted in the housing itself, which is why the housing requires a correspondingly large diameter in the remaining area.

Eine Durchmesserreduzierung des Gehäuses kann auf verschiede¬ ne Weise erreicht werden. So ist z.B. ein stufenförmiger Ab¬ satz im Gehäuse möglich. Ebenso kann die Dehnbarkeit des Rin¬ ges durch im Bereich des Steuerzapfens wenigstens annähernd achsparallel zur Längsachse des Steuerzapfens verlaufende und über den Umfang des Gehäuses verteilte Bohrungen, Ta¬ schen, Ausnehmungen, Einbuchtungen o.dgl. gebildet werden.A reduction in the diameter of the housing can be achieved in various ways. For example, a step-like step in the housing is possible. Likewise, the extensibility of the ring can be improved by bores, pockets, recesses, indentations or the like running in the area of the control pin at least approximately axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the control pin and distributed over the circumference of the housing. be formed.

In einer einfachen Ausgestaltung können dabei die Bohrungen, Taschen, u.dgl. von der decke! seitigen Stirnseite des Gehäu¬ ses aus eingebracht sein. Al s Gleitlagerwerkstoff für die Lagerbuchse ist z.B. Alu¬ minium oder eine Aluminium! egierung sehr gut geeignet.In a simple embodiment, the holes, pockets, and the like. off the ceiling! side end of the housing be introduced. Al s plain bearing material for the bearing bush is, for example, aluminum or an aluminum! very suitable.

In vorteilhafter Weise wird man den Ring und das Gehäuse aus Grauguß herstellen, denn dieses Material ist auch sehr gut zur Bildung der Zylinderwände für die Radialkolben geeignet, wodurch gesonderte Zylinder entfallen können.The ring and the housing will advantageously be made of gray cast iron, because this material is also very suitable for forming the cylinder walls for the radial pistons, as a result of which separate cylinders can be omitted.

Erfindungsgemäß kann ferner vorgesehen sein, daß die Lager¬ buchse gleichzeitig auch den Deckel für das Gehäuse und für den Steuerzapfen bildet. Auf diese Weise erfüllt die Lager¬ buchse zwei Funktionen.According to the invention it can further be provided that the bearing bush also forms the cover for the housing and for the control pin. In this way, the bearing bush fulfills two functions.

Nachfolgend sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung aus de¬ nen weitere erfindungsgemäße-Vort _πile und Merkmale hervorge¬ hen anhand der Zeichnung prinzpimäßig beschrieben.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in principle from their further advantages and features according to the invention with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigt:It shows:

Fig. 1: einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Radial kolbenmotorFig. 1: a longitudinal section through a radial piston engine according to the invention

Fig. 2: einen Querschnitt nach der Linie II-II der Fig. 12 shows a cross section along the line II-II of FIG. 1st

Fig. 3: eine Ansicht einer anderen Ausgestaltung des Radial- kolbenmotores von der Deckelseite aus gesehen (im verkleinerten Maßstab)3: a view of another embodiment of the radial piston motor seen from the cover side (on a reduced scale)

Der erfindungsgemäße Radialkolbenmotor ist grundsätzlich von bekannter Bauart, weshalb nachfolgend nur auf die für die Er¬ findung wesentlichen Teile näher eingegangen wird. Der Motor /*\The radial piston motor according to the invention is fundamentally of a known type, which is why only the parts that are essential for the invention are discussed in more detail below. The motor / * \

weist ein Gehäuse 1 mit einem Deckel 2 auf. In dem Gehäuse 1 und dem Deckel 2 ist eine Exzenterwelle 3 mit einem Exzenter 4 gelagert. Die Exzenterwelle 3 besitzt auf einer Seite ei¬ nen Abtriebszapfen 5, der in einem Wälzlager 6 gelagert ist. Auf der anderen Seite des Exzenters 4 befindet sich die zwei¬ te Lagerstelle, welche als Gleitlager ausgeführt ist, denn diese" Lagerstelle ist gleichzeitig auch als Steuerzapfen 7 zur Steuerung des Druckmittels, im allgemeinen Öl, ausgebil¬ det. Das Gleitlager umgibt dabei den Steuerzapfen 7 als La¬ gerbuchse 13, wobei die Lagerbuchse 13 gleichzeitig auch den Deckel 2 bildet, bzw. einstückig mit diesem ist. Der Deckel 2 ist durch mehrere über den Umfang verteilte Schrauben mit dem Gehäuse 1 verbunden.has a housing 1 with a cover 2. An eccentric shaft 3 with an eccentric 4 is mounted in the housing 1 and the cover 2. The eccentric shaft 3 has on one side an output pin 5 which is mounted in a roller bearing 6. On the other side of the eccentric 4 is the second bearing, which is designed as a slide bearing, because this " bearing is also designed as a control pin 7 for controlling the pressure medium, generally oil. The slide bearing surrounds the control pin 7 as a bearing bushing 13, the bearing bushing 13 also simultaneously forming or being integral with the cover 2. The cover 2 is connected to the housing 1 by a plurality of screws distributed over the circumference.

Um den Exzenter 4 befindet sich über den Umfang des Gehäuses 1 gleichmäßig verteilt in entsprechenden Bohrungen des Gehäu¬ ses angeordnete Kolben 8, welche in radialer Richtung ver¬ schiebbar sind. In der Fig. 1 ist der obere Kolben darge¬ stellt, kurz bevor dessen Kolbenraum über eine Druckleitung 9' mit Öl zur Erzeugung eines Arbeitshubes versehen ist. Durch Schraubdeckel 15 sind die Kolbenräume jeweils nach außen abgedichtet. Im unteren Bereich des Gehäuses 1 befin¬ det sich eine Öl auslaßleituπg 10. Zusätzlich kann ggf. noch eine zweite Auslaßleitung 10A vorgesehen sein.Around the eccentric 4 there are pistons 8, which are evenly distributed in corresponding bores of the housing and are displaceable in the radial direction over the circumference of the housing 1. The upper piston is shown in FIG. 1 shortly before its piston chamber is provided with oil via a pressure line 9 ' for generating a working stroke. The piston chambers are each sealed to the outside by screw cap 15. An oil outlet line 10 is located in the lower region of the housing 1. In addition, a second outlet line 10A can optionally be provided.

Von einer Öleinl aßbohrung 11 aus wird über nicht näher darge¬ stellte Zuleitungen Öl in eine Umfangsnut bzw. Ringnut 12 in den Steuerzapfen 7 eingeleitet. Von der Ringnut 12 aus führt eine Verbindungsbohrung in Form einer Schrägbohrung 16 zu ei¬ ner segmentartigen Druckversorgungsnut 14 zur Ölversorgung der jeweiligen Kolbenräume. In derselben Ebene des Steuer¬ zapfens 7 befindet sich auf der anderen Hälfte, d.h. gegen- überliegend der Druckversorgungsnut 14 eine ebenfalls seg¬ mentartige Entsorgungsnut (nicht dargestellt) für die Kolben¬ räume, wobei die Druckversorgungsπut 14 und die Entsorgungs¬ nut durch einen Steg voneinander getrennt sind. Von der Ent¬ sorgungsnut aus führt eine nicht dargestellte Schrägbohrung zu einer weiteren Umfangsnut 17, von der aus eine ebenfalls nicht dargestellte Leitung zu der Auslaßöffnung 10 und ggf. zu der Auslaßöffnung 10A führt. Die Verbindung zwischen der Druckversorgungsnut 14 und der jeweiligen Druckleitung 9 für jeden Radialkolbeπ 8 stellt jeweils eine Radialbohrung 18 in der Lagerbuchse 13 her.From an oil inlet bore 11, oil is introduced into a circumferential groove or annular groove 12 in the control pin 7 via supply lines (not shown in more detail). A connecting bore in the form of an oblique bore 16 leads from the annular groove 12 to a segment-like pressure supply groove 14 for supplying oil to the respective piston chambers. In the same plane of the control pin 7 is on the other half, Above the pressure supply groove 14 there is also a segment-like disposal groove (not shown) for the piston spaces, the pressure supply groove 14 and the disposal groove being separated from one another by a web. From the disposal groove, an inclined bore (not shown) leads to a further circumferential groove 17, from which a line (also not shown) leads to the outlet opening 10 and possibly to the outlet opening 10A. The connection between the pressure supply groove 14 and the respective pressure line 9 for each radial piston 8 produces a radial bore 18 in the bearing bush 13.

Die Lagerbuchse 13 besteht aus Aluminiumvakuumguß als Gleit¬ lagerwerkstoff. Die Antriebswelle 3 mit dem Steuerzapfen 7 besteht aus Stahl und .das Gehäuse 1 besteht aus Grauguß.The bearing bush 13 consists of aluminum vacuum casting as a sliding bearing material. The drive shaft 3 with the control pin 7 is made of steel and the housing 1 is made of gray cast iron.

Wie aus der Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, umgibt die Lagerbuchse 13 ein Ring 19, welcher mit dem Gehäuse 1 einstückig ist. Der Ring weist jedoch einen deutlich geringeren Durchmesser auf als der Bereich des Gehäuses 1, in welchem die Radialkol¬ ben 8 gelagert sind. Dies wird durch einen stufenförmigen Ab¬ satz 20 erreicht.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the bearing bush 13 surrounds a ring 19 which is integral with the housing 1. However, the ring has a significantly smaller diameter than the area of the housing 1 in which the radial pistons 8 are mounted. This is achieved by means of a step-shaped shoulder 20.

Außen- und Innendurchmesser des Ringes 19 und ebenso Außen- und Innendurchmesser der Lagerbuchse 13 sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß sie bei einer Temperaturerhöhung zusammen ei¬ ne Wärmeausdehnung erhalten, die wenigstens annähernd der Wärmeausdehnung des Steuerzapfens 7 entspricht. Da sich die Lagerbuchse 13 wesentlich stärker ausdehnen möchte, wirkt hierbei der Ring 19 als Korsett bzw. wie ein Spannring, wo¬ bei der Ring 19 jedoch so dimensioniert sein muß, daß er in geringem Umfange "atmet", damit die gewünschte gleiche Wärme- <~\The outside and inside diameters of the ring 19 and also the outside and inside diameters of the bearing bush 13 are matched to one another in such a way that, when the temperature rises, they together receive a thermal expansion which corresponds at least approximately to the thermal expansion of the control pin 7. Since the bearing bush 13 wants to expand much more, the ring 19 acts as a corset or like a tension ring, but the ring 19 must be dimensioned so that it "breathes" to a small extent so that the desired same heat <~ \

dehnung erreicht wird. Mit anderen Worten, das Gehäuse 1 wird im Bereich des Steuerzapfens 7 entsprechend geschwächt.elongation is achieved. In other words, the housing 1 is correspondingly weakened in the area of the control pin 7.

Statt einer Durchmesserreduzierung des Ringes 19 kann die Schwächung des Gehäuses in diesem Bereich auch durch andere Maßnahmen erreicht werden.Instead of reducing the diameter of the ring 19, the weakening of the housing in this area can also be achieved by other measures.

Zwei dieser Möglichkeiten sind beispielsweise in der Fig. 3 aufgezeigt. Wie ersichtlich, weist dabei das Gehäuse 1 auch im Bereich des Steuerzapfens wenigstens annähernd seinen ur¬ sprünglichen Durchmesser auf. Um die gewünschte Dehnung des Ringes 19 jedoch zu erhalten, sind von der deckel seitigen Stirnseite aus über den Umfang verteilt eine Vielzahl von Sackbohrungen 21 eingebracht. Die Sackbohrungen reichen da¬ bei wenigstens annähernd, über die gesamte Länge des Steuer¬ zapfens. In der Fig. 1 sind die- -S-ackbohrungen 21 und der ur¬ sprüngliche Gehäusedurchmesser gestrichelt angedeutet.Two of these possibilities are shown, for example, in FIG. 3. As can be seen, the housing 1 also has at least approximately its original diameter in the area of the control pin. In order to obtain the desired expansion of the ring 19, however, a large number of blind bores 21 are made from the end face on the cover side and distributed over the circumference. The blind bores extend at least approximately over the entire length of the control pin. In Fig. 1, the -S-bores 21 and the original housing diameter are indicated by dashed lines.

Statt Bohrungen 21 können selbstverständlich auch Aussparun¬ gen, Ausnehmungen 22 oder dgl., wie in der Fig. 3 rechts oben gestrichelt dargestellt, vorgesehen werden. Instead of bores 21, recesses, recesses 22 or the like can of course also be provided, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3 at the top right.

Claims

A n s p r ü c h e : Expectations : 1. Kolbenmotor, insbesondere Radialkol benmotor, mit einem Ge¬ häuse, mit in dem Gehäuse verstellbaren Kolben und mit einer in dem Gehäuse gelagerten Antriebswelle, die eine als Steuer¬ zapfen mit Steuernuten und Verbindungsleitungen ausgebildete zweite Lagerstelle aufweist, wobei der Steuerzapfen in einer Lagerbuchse gelagert ist, welche in das Gehäuse eingesetzt und von diesem umgeben ist, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Lagerbuchse (13) aus einem Gleitlagerwerkstoff besteht, und daß die Lagerbuchse von einem Grauguß- oder Stahlring (19) umgeben -ist, wobei der Ring derart dimesioniert ist, daß die Wärmedehnung von Ring (19) und Lagerbuchse (13) zu¬ sammen wenigstens annähernd so groß ist wie die Wärmedehnung des Steuerzapfens (7).1. Piston engine, in particular radial piston engine, with a housing, with pistons adjustable in the housing and with a drive shaft mounted in the housing, which has a second bearing point designed as a control pin with control grooves and connecting lines, the control pin in a bearing bush is mounted, which is inserted into and surrounded by the housing, characterized in that the bearing bush (13) consists of a plain bearing material, and that the bearing bush is surrounded by a gray cast iron or steel ring (19), the ring being so dimensioned that the thermal expansion of the ring (19) and bearing bush (13) together is at least approximately as great as the thermal expansion of the control pin (7). 2. Kolbenmotor nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Grauguß- oder Stahlring (19) einen Teil des Gehäuses (1) bildet.2. Piston engine according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the cast iron or steel ring (19) forms part of the housing (1). 3. Kolbenmotor nach Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Ring (19) durch eine Durchmesserreduzierung des Gehäuses (1) im Bereich des Steuerzapfens (7) gebildet ist.3. Piston engine according to claim 2, so that the ring (19) is formed by reducing the diameter of the housing (1) in the region of the control pin (7). 4. Kolbenmotor nach Anspruch 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Durchmesserreduzierung durch einen stufenförmigen Absatz4. Piston engine according to claim 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the diameter reduction by a step-shaped paragraph (20) im Gehäuse (1) gebildet ist. (20) is formed in the housing (1). 5. Kolbenmotor nach Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Dehnbarkeit des Ringes (19) durch im Bereich des Steuer¬ zapfens (7) wenigstens annähernd achsparallel zur Längsachse des Steuerzapfens (7) verlaufende über den Umfang des Gehäu¬ ses (1) verteilte Bohrungen (21) oder Taschen (22) gebildet ist.5. Piston engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the extensibility of the ring (19) through at least approximately axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the control pin (7) in the area of the control pin (7) extending over the circumference of the housing (1) distributed bores (21) or pockets (22) is formed. 6. Kolbenmotor nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Bohrungen, Taschen, Aussparungen o.dgl. (21 bzw. 22) von der deckenseitigen Stirnseite des Gehäuses (1) aus einge¬ bracht sind.6. Piston engine according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the bores, pockets, recesses or the like. (21 or 22) are introduced from the ceiling-side end face of the housing (1). 7. Kolbenmotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Lagerbuchse (13) aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegie¬ rung besteht.7. Piston engine according to any one of claims 1-6, that the bearing bush (13) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 8. Kolbenmotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Ring (19) und das Gehäuse (1) aus Grauguß bestehen.8. Piston engine according to any one of claims 1-7, that the ring (19) and the housing (1) consist of gray cast iron. 9. Kolbenmotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1-8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Lagerbuchse (13) gleichzeitig den Deckel (2) für das Ge¬ häuse (1) und den Steuerzapfen (7) bildet.9. Piston engine according to one of claims 1-8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the bearing bush (13) simultaneously forms the cover (2) for the housing (1) and the control pin (7). 10. Kolbenmotor nach einem der Ansprüche 1-9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Steuerzapfen (7) aus Stahl besteht. 10. Piston engine according to one of claims 1-9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the control pin (7) consists of steel.
PCT/EP1987/000160 1986-03-27 1987-03-20 Piston engine, in particular radial piston engine Ceased WO1987005972A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LUPCT/EP86/00184 1986-03-27
EP8600184 1986-03-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1987005972A1 true WO1987005972A1 (en) 1987-10-08

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ID=8165107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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WO (1) WO1987005972A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3716163A1 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-11-26 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Piston Engine, especially Radial Piston Engine
DE3814269A1 (en) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-09 Maier Max PISTON MACHINE
FR2881173A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-07-28 Ericab Sarl Volumetric rotating machine e.g. compressor, has spools with cylinders and pistons mounted movable in rotation around articulation axles, and connected by connecting rod ensuring homokinetic rotation of spools around axes of rotation
DE102008043429A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Camshaft drive with bearing bushes optimized against axial slipping

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1989117A (en) * 1930-02-24 1935-01-29 Ernest J Svenson Plunger pump
US3046950A (en) * 1958-01-22 1962-07-31 Whiting Corp Constant mechanical advantage rotary hydraulic device
FR1412447A (en) * 1964-06-24 1965-10-01 Chamberlain Ind Ltd Improvements to hydraulic motors
US3730054A (en) * 1971-06-02 1973-05-01 Fmc Corp Air motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1989117A (en) * 1930-02-24 1935-01-29 Ernest J Svenson Plunger pump
US3046950A (en) * 1958-01-22 1962-07-31 Whiting Corp Constant mechanical advantage rotary hydraulic device
FR1412447A (en) * 1964-06-24 1965-10-01 Chamberlain Ind Ltd Improvements to hydraulic motors
US3730054A (en) * 1971-06-02 1973-05-01 Fmc Corp Air motor

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