WO1987002397A1

WO1987002397A1 - A method for arranging the cooling in a compactor and a cooling system for the realization of the method

Info

Publication number: WO1987002397A1
Application number: PCT/FI1986/000116
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matti Sinkkonen
Original assignee: Tana-Jyra Ky
Current assignee: Tana-Jyra Ky
Priority date: 1985-10-15
Filing date: 1986-10-14
Publication date: 1987-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 1988-04-15
Also published as: JPS63502294A; EP0277133A1; AU6546686A; FI77075C; FI853991A0; FI77075B; FI853991L; EP0277133B1

Abstract

Method of arranging the cooling in a compactor equipped with at least one roller drum (3), in which the motor and/or other equipment, for example the hydraulic system, has forced circulation water cooling or water cooled closed forced circulation air cooling. The intention of the invention is to remove the problem of the dirtying of the radiator cells that exists in present cooling systems. In the method in accordance with the invention the cooling water is circulated through the roller (3) and is brought in contact with the outer covering (5) of the roller in order to transfer the heat from this to the surrounding air and to the ground.

Description

A Method for arranging the Cooling in a Compactor and a Cooling System for the Realization of the Method

The object of this invention is a method to arrange cooling in a com- pactor equipped with at least one roller drum, in which the motor and/or other equipment, for example the hydraulic system, has forced circulation water cooling or water-cooled forced circulation air cooling. The inven¬ tion is also concerned with a cooling system intended to realize the method. In this case forced circulation water is taken to mean any liquid substance at all applicable to heat exchange, most typically a mixture of water and an anti-freeze substance.

In an ordinary cooling system the hot water coming from the motor is led to a cellular radiator, in which an attempt is made to ensure effective heat exchange by using a large surface area. The working conditions of compactors are extremely dusty in, among other places rubbish tips and coalfields. This causes blockage of the radiator cells, which in turn often causes overheating in the motor.

Taken broadly the field of the invention includes the solution in accor¬ dance with US publication 4342485, which presents the partial immersion cooling of a planetary gearbox installed in the drum of a cold surface planer for concrete and asphalt surfaces. According to this the cooling is improved by partially filling the drum with liquid coolant, which ef¬ fectively conducts the heat from the surface of the gearbox to the surface of the drum. It is the intention of this invention to create a simple method to ar¬ range the cooling in a compactor and a cooling system to realize the cooling system. With the aid of the invention an attempt is made to remove the problem of dirt in the aforementioned known forced circulation water cooling systems. The characteristics of the system in accordance with the invention appear in the accompanying Patent Claims 1-3, and the cooling system intended to realize the method in the accompanying Patent Claim 4. In this axle shaft means also one-piece axle ends, in which corresponding channels to the centre of the drum have been formed.

In what follows the invention is depicted in greater detail with the aid of descriptions and the accompanying illustrations, which show various forms of application of the invention. Figure 1 shows a compactor, in which there is roller drum cooling. Figure 2 shows diagraimπatically the principle of the cooling system. Figure 3 shows the arrangment of the water connection to the roller. Figure 4 shows the arrangment for the circulation of water inside the spikes of the roller.

The typical power of the motor of a large compactor is 400 hp. In a compactor of this kind a maximum cooling power of about 110 kW is required when the cooling requirement of the hydraulic system is included. The length of the rollers of the compactor in Figure 1 is about 4m and their surface area is sufficient to transmit the heat from the roller even under hot conditions. What makes the invention especially advantageous is that the length of the roller and thus its heat exchange surface area is nearly comparable to the size of the compactor and its motor in modularly con- structed compactors. The roller drum cooling in accordance with the in¬ vention can thus be applied easily and by exploiting the mohular method of construction in all sizes of compactors.

The heat is principally transferred from the roller to the ground, for the amount transferred to the air is small unless it is increased by means of ventilation and immersion. However, often the material to be compacted, for example garbage in a rubbish tip, is so wet that the surface of the roller becomes wet and the heat exchange is increased also by means of the natural phenomenon of evaporation. In compactors used in among other places garbage compacting spikes are installed on the rollers, and these improve the heat exchange considerably, as in the compactor in Figure 1. This illustration shows the system in which the cooling circulating water inlet pipe 10 is connected to the end of the roller 3- A more exact de¬ piction of this system is provided later.

For practical reasons it is advantageous to use indirect cooling, in which the motor 1 has a separate forced circulation water circuit •%, which is cooled by means of heat exchanger 14 connected to the roller 3 by means of an auxilliary forced circulation water circuit. The cooler 13 for the hydraulic oil is also installed on this auxilliary circulation circuit, Figure 2. The auxilliary circulation circuit consists of, in addition to the roller 3, an inlet and return pipe 10, a pump 12, and the aforementioned heat exchangers 13 and 14. In this circulation circuit the roller 3 also forms an expansion reservoir when a space 8 for gas has been left in it. It can be easily observed from Figure 2 that from the point of view of the invention it makes no difference even if the motor has closed forced air cooling in place of the aforementioned water cooling.

The water heated in the motor l^{^}and the hydraulic system 2 is led along the inlet pipe 10 and through the pressure bearing 15 and the axle shaft 9 to the roller 3 and is taken out through the opposite end. The circu¬ lating water comes in contact with the outer cover 5 of the roller 3, in which case the heat exchange is convective snd thus effective. The pumpι.12, which creates the flow of the circulation, in located at the coldest part of the flow circuit, i.e. before the aforementioned heat exchangers 13 and 14.

In order to improve the heat exchange a flow of air is directed if re- quired at the roller 3 by means of a fan 6 and it is watered by a flow of water from sparge pipe 7«

In a cooling system in accordance with the invention the central feature is the connection of the water circulation pipes 10 and 11 to roller ^~, Figure ^~ . Roller 3 itself is in principle a stiffened cylinder, at the ends of which axle shafts 9 are secured. Pipe 16 is fitted through one end, and at its end is the pressure bearing 15 which is connected to inlet pipe 10. This creates a watertight connection which permits, however, the roller ^~ to remove normally. The outlet pipe 11 is connected in a corresponding man¬ ner to the other side of roller 3» Roller 3 is supported by the bearings 17, which are secured to a housing fixed to frame 19. Drive to roller 3 takes place by means of chainwheel 18. If the places of bearing 17 and chainwheel 18 are exchanged and the bearing fitted inside the roller cylinder the water connection can be installed entirely within the same sheet metal frame housing. The heat transmission capacity outwards of the external covering 5 of roller 3 is considerably increased with a system in accordance with Figure 4« The spikes 20 of roller 3 are hollow and holes 21 are drilled in the drum, through which the cooling water passes into the spike 20 and out of it. As roller 3 revolves a powerful convective exchange of heat arises by means of this from the circulating water to the spikes 20.

Claims

1. A method for arranging cooling in a compactor equipped with at least one roller drum (3)₅ and in which the motor (l) and/or other equip¬ ment, for example the hydraulic system (2) has forced circulation water cooling (4) or water cooled closed forced air cooling, characterized in that €he cooling water is circulated through the roller (3) and is brought in contact with the outer cover of the roller (5) to transfer the^' heat from this to the surrounding air and the ground.

2. A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that air from a fan (6) is directed on the roller drum (3) acting as a radiator in-order to improve the^transfer of the heat.

3. A method in accordance with Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface of the roller drum acting as a radiator (3) is watered (7) with a small flow of water in order to improve the transfer of heat by means of the phenomenon of evaporation.

4» A cooling system intended to realize the method according to Claim 1 to cool the circulating water heated by the motor (1) and other equipment, in which in the compactor there is a least one roller drum (3) with bearings for the axle shafts (9), characterized in that channels are formed in the axle shafts (9) of the roller drum (3) from the outer ends into the roller and that the ends of the axle shafts (9) include connectors (16) and pressure bearings (15), by means of which the inlet and return pipes of the forced circulation water cooling system (10, 11) are connected to the roller (3).

5. A compactor cooling system in accordance with Claim 4j in which the roller (3) of the compactor includes spikes (20), characterized in that at least some of the spikes (20) of the roller (3) are made hollow and that this space is connected by at least one channel, for example by means of a hole (21) drilled in the drum, to the circulating water space inside the roller (3).