WO1986004518A1 - Process for purifying gas or solid media, process for the treatment of residues obtained from such processes and device for implementing the treatment process - Google Patents
Process for purifying gas or solid media, process for the treatment of residues obtained from such processes and device for implementing the treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- WO1986004518A1 WO1986004518A1 PCT/AT1986/000012 AT8600012W WO8604518A1 WO 1986004518 A1 WO1986004518 A1 WO 1986004518A1 AT 8600012 W AT8600012 W AT 8600012W WO 8604518 A1 WO8604518 A1 WO 8604518A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/3441—Regeneration or reactivation by electric current, ultrasound or irradiation, e.g. electromagnetic radiation such as X-rays, UV, light, microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
Definitions
- the invention therefore first relates to a method for the adsorption of substances of any physical state from gaseous, vaporous or solid media and media mixtures containing such media, which is characterized in that the surface of adsorptive solids, in particular coal, is continuously activated by comminution, in particular grinding, and either simultaneously or immediately thereafter with the medium or mixture of media to be cleaned is brought into contact and the solids are separated off after completion of the adsorption.
- the invention further relates to a process for the treatment of the residue obtained from the loaded adsorbent in the purification of gases, vapors, liquid, solid media and mixtures thereof by means of an adsorption process, which is characterized in that the residue is a desorption and / or reduction - And / or subjected to oxidation processes.
- fractional desorption mixtures of substances can be recovered if they can be used.
- the adsorbent can also be reused, provided there is no impermissible contamination. In this case, destruction by combustion or the like is necessary.
- the residue can be rendered harmless by an oxidation process (combustion) or a reduction process.
- the above process for treating the residue is not limited to the cleaning process mentioned at the outset, but also comprises an analogous cleaning process for contaminated liquids.
- liquids or vapors can be added to the media to be cleaned, which are in the form of a pulp or free-flowing solid.
- the spraying of Liquids have also proven themselves in the treatment of gases.
- gases or vapors to the liquids to be treated.
- the invention is suitable for the adsorption of substances of any physical state from gaseous and liquid media and for the recovery of the initially adsorbed substances which can then be reprocessed or further processed.
- Particularly toxic substances such as those produced as intermediates or by-products of synthetic processes, can be removed from the flue gas and / or from the (waste) water using the method in question and either - depending on the chemical composition - a combustion at high temperature or a fractional desorption to recover the starting materials.
- the respective medium gaseous, liquid
- the respective medium is introduced into a reactor by not only enlarging the surface of the corresponding adsorbent, but also activating it, by comminuting it. In this way, optimal adsorption can be achieved. If necessary, it is possible to add one or more additives to the reactor.
- the gas (the steam) is fed into the reactor together with additives (e.g. water).
- additives e.g. water.
- the pollutants from the (smoke) Gas is absorbed by the additive and subsequently adsorbed from the liquid to the activated surfaces.
- the introduced components are passed through a discharge pipe into a separation system after adsorption has taken place.
- a filter system e.g. electrostatic filter.
- the procedure with the solid / liquid component is described above, except that in the case of indirect cleaning, the liquid must be removed by a separator and / or a centrifuge before oxidation or desorption.
- the thermal energy for the fractional desorption is extracted from the hot flue gas or steam before it enters the reactor by passing the dds gas (the steam) through a heat exchanger in the desorption chamber.
- the slide valves are used for gas entry. (in front of the reactor) completely and partially closed for gas outlet (after that after the separation system).
- the further steps are analogous to gas (steam) cleaning, but the energy for d each desorption and possible drying must be supplied from the outside.
- the solid substances get into the collecting container (8) and from this via the pipeline system (19) with changeover valves (18) either into the Cxydaiionshunt (13) or they are fed to the fractional desorption in (10).
- the desorbed substances are removed separately (14) and the adsorbent with any remaining pollutants, depending on the type of these components, is brought either into the reduction chamber (12) or into the oxidation chamber (13), specifically via a piping system with a deflection flap (20).
- shut-off slide valve (22) is closed and the medium to be cleaned (e.g. waste water) is introduced into the feed pipe through an atomizer (6).
- the slide (21) is only partially open, so that occasionally gas sucked in with the adsorbent (escaped air) can escape.
- the cyclone and filter are of course bypassed. All other process steps correspond to those of indirect gas cleaning.
- FIG. 2 shows reactor (1) with discharge tube (7) and separation system (9) and collecting container (8).
- the adsorbent introduced by the screw (37) reaches the rotating plate (38) and is thrown from there due to the centrifugal forces onto the baffles (36), whereby fresh surfaces are already created. From here, the adsorbent is sucked into the reactor together with the medium to be cleaned, where a vacuum is created by the rapidly rotating rotor (40).
- the rotor (40) is driven by a motor (39). Sloping, rotationally symmetrically arranged sliding surfaces are provided on the rotor body, so that the adsorbent particles are thrown against the striking pins (34), which are likewise rotationally symmetrically arranged on the housing (32), whereby further new, activated surfaces are created.
- the separation system consists of a gas exhaust body (43), which has passage openings in the form of a sieve (31) on part of its cylinder surface, and a chamber system (28).
- Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the separation system along the line a ⁇ a to illustrate the system of the collecting chambers.
- FIG. 1 The drawing is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention.
- the connections (19) shown in FIG. 1 for the transport of the residue also include conveyor belts, screw conveyors, elevators, sliding plates and the like.
- the residue can also be transported by means of an inert medium.
- a drying chamber is designated 23.
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Abstract
Description
Verfahren zur Reinigung von gasförmigen oder festen Medien, Verfahren zur Behandlung des bei solchen Verfahren anfallenden Rückstandes und Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung dieses Behandlungsverfahrens Processes for the purification of gaseous or solid media, processes for the treatment of the residue resulting from such processes and devices for carrying out this treatment process
Es sind Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt, die zur Reinigung von Abgasen, Abwässern und dgl. geeignet sind. Diese Verfahren und Vorrichtungen wurden bisher in erster Linie für die Großindustrie, Wärmekraftwerke usw. entwickelt und angewendet.Methods and devices are known which are suitable for cleaning exhaust gases, waste water and the like. So far, these methods and devices have primarily been developed and used for large-scale industry, thermal power plants, etc.
Es beisteht ein Bedürfnis, solche Verfahren und Vorrichtungen auch für Mittel- und Kleinbetriebe zu schaffen, um die öffentlichen Entsorgungsbetriebe zu entlasten. Bisher war für diesen Zweck das Adsorbieren der Verunreinigungen mittels Kohle aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen nicht anwendbar. Die Erfindung zeigt einen Weg, der das Adsorptionsreinigungsverfahren wirtschaftlich und daher für die oben erwähnte Gruppe der Verursacher von Verunreinigungen der Umwelt anwendbar macht. Damit stellt sich aber nunmehr das Problem, was mit dem meist in Form von Schlamm oder Brei anfallenden Rückstand geschehen soll. Auch hier gibt die Erfindung eine Lösung an. Mit Rücksicht auf die AT-PS 378 529 wird der Schutz des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsverfahrens auf Gase und feste verunreinigte Medien beschränkt. Die Erfindung bezieht sich demnach zunächst auf ein Verfahren zur Adsorption von Substanzen jeglichen Aggregatzustandes aus gasförmigen, dampfförmigen oder festen Medien sowie auf solche Medien enthaltenden Mediengemische, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß laufend die Oberfläche adsorptiver Feststoffe, insbesondere Kohle, durch deren Zerkleinerung, insbesondere Zerreibung, aktiviert und entweder gleichzeitig oder unmittelbar danach mit dem zu reinigenden Medium oder Mediumgemisch in Berührung gebracht wird und nach Abschluß der Adsorption die Feststoffe abgetrennt werden. Die Erfindung betrifft weiters ein Verfahren zur Behandlung des bei der Reinigung von Gasen, Dämpfen, flüssigen, festen Medien sowie Gemischen daraus mittels eines Adsorptionsverfahrens anfallenden Rückstandes aus beladenem Adsorbent, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Rückstand einem Desorptions- und/oder Reduk- tions- und/oder Oxydationsverfahren unterworfen wird.There is a need to create such methods and devices for medium-sized and small companies in order to relieve the public waste disposal companies. So far, adsorbing the contaminants with coal has not been applicable for economic reasons. The invention shows a way which makes the adsorption purification process economical and therefore applicable to the above-mentioned group of polluters. However, this now poses the problem of what should happen to the residue that usually occurs in the form of sludge or porridge. The invention also provides a solution here. With regard to AT-PS 378 529, the protection of the cleaning method according to the invention is limited to gases and solid, contaminated media. The invention therefore first relates to a method for the adsorption of substances of any physical state from gaseous, vaporous or solid media and media mixtures containing such media, which is characterized in that the surface of adsorptive solids, in particular coal, is continuously activated by comminution, in particular grinding, and either simultaneously or immediately thereafter with the medium or mixture of media to be cleaned is brought into contact and the solids are separated off after completion of the adsorption. The invention further relates to a process for the treatment of the residue obtained from the loaded adsorbent in the purification of gases, vapors, liquid, solid media and mixtures thereof by means of an adsorption process, which is characterized in that the residue is a desorption and / or reduction - And / or subjected to oxidation processes.
Bei Anwendung einer fraktionierten Desorption können Stoffgemische zurückgewonnen werden, wenn diese verwertbar sind. Der Adsorbent kann ebenfalls wieder verwendet werden, soweit keine unzulässige Kontaminierung vorliegt. In diesem Fall ist eine Vernichtung durch Verbrennung od. dgl. erforderlich. Ist eine Desorption nicht möglich oder unerwünscht, dann kann der Rückstand durch ein Oxydatioήsverfahren (Verbrennung) oder durch ein Reduktionsverfahren unschädlich gemacht werden. Das vorstehende Verfahren zur Behandlung des Rückstandes ist nicht auf das eingangs erwähnte Reinigungsverfahren beschränkt, sondern umfaßt auch ein analoges Reinigungsverfahren von verunreinigten Flüssigkeiten.If fractional desorption is used, mixtures of substances can be recovered if they can be used. The adsorbent can also be reused, provided there is no impermissible contamination. In this case, destruction by combustion or the like is necessary. If desorption is not possible or undesirable, the residue can be rendered harmless by an oxidation process (combustion) or a reduction process. The above process for treating the residue is not limited to the cleaning process mentioned at the outset, but also comprises an analogous cleaning process for contaminated liquids.
Je nach der Natur des zu reinigenden Mediums kann es zweckmäßig sein, vor oder während des Adsorptionsvorganges Substanzen zuzusetzen. Beispielsweise können den zu reinigenden, in Form eines Breis oder rieselfähigen Feststoffes vorliegenden Medien Flüssigkeiten oder Dämpfe zugesetzt werden. Das Einsprühen von Flüssigkeiten hat sich auch bei der Behandlung von Gasen bewährt. Umgekehrt ist es in manchen Fällen zweckmäßig, den zu behandelnden Flüssigkeiten Gase oder Dämpfe zuzuführen. Schließlich bezieht sich die Erfindung auf Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung der vorstehend erwähnten Verfahren.Depending on the nature of the medium to be cleaned, it may be appropriate to add substances before or during the adsorption process. For example, liquids or vapors can be added to the media to be cleaned, which are in the form of a pulp or free-flowing solid. The spraying of Liquids have also proven themselves in the treatment of gases. Conversely, in some cases it is advisable to add gases or vapors to the liquids to be treated. Finally, the invention relates to devices for carrying out the above-mentioned methods.
Die Erfindung eignet sich zur Adsorption von Substanzen jeglichen Aggregatzustandes aus gasförmigen und flüssigen Medien sowie zur Rückgewinnung der zunächst adsorbierten Stoffe, die danach einer Wieder- oder Weiterverarbeitung zugeführt werden können. Besonders toxische Substanzen, wie sie etwa als Zwischen- bzw. Nebenprodukte von synthetischen Prozessen entstehen, können mit gegenständlichem Verfahren aus dem Rauchgas und/oder aus dem (Ab-)Wasser entfernt werden und entweder - je nach chemischer Zusammensetzung - einer Verbrennung bei hoher Temperatur oder einer fraktionierten Desorption zur Rückgewinnung der Ausgangsstoffe zugeführt werden.The invention is suitable for the adsorption of substances of any physical state from gaseous and liquid media and for the recovery of the initially adsorbed substances which can then be reprocessed or further processed. Particularly toxic substances, such as those produced as intermediates or by-products of synthetic processes, can be removed from the flue gas and / or from the (waste) water using the method in question and either - depending on the chemical composition - a combustion at high temperature or a fractional desorption to recover the starting materials.
Im gegenständlichen Verfahren wird das jeweilige Medium (gasförmig, flüssig) in einen Reaktor eingebracht, indem gleichzeitig durch Zerkleinerung des entsprechenden Adsorptionsmittels dessen Oberfläche nicht nur maximal vergrößert, sondern auch aktiviert wird. Auf diese Weise kann eine optimale Adsorption erreicht werden. Falls erforderlich, ist es möglich, in den Reaktor noch einen Zusatzstoff (oder mehrere Zusatzstoffe) einzubringen.In the process in question, the respective medium (gaseous, liquid) is introduced into a reactor by not only enlarging the surface of the corresponding adsorbent, but also activating it, by comminuting it. In this way, optimal adsorption can be achieved. If necessary, it is possible to add one or more additives to the reactor.
Aus dem Reaktor werden alle eingebrachten Komponenten (Gas + Adsorbens + gegebenenfalls Zusatzkomponenten) über ein Austragsrohr in ein Trennsystem geleitet. Die flüssigen/ festen Substanzen werden von diesem aus in den Sammelbehälter und von dort über ein Rohrleitungssystem mit Umschaltventilen entweder direkt (ev.über eine Trockenkammer) in die OxydatJonskammer geleitet oder der fraktionierten Desorption zugeführt. Ersteres kommt nur für solche Substanzen in Betracht, deren Verbrennungsprodukte unschädlich sind, und deren Rückgewinnung außerdem unwirtschaftlich wäre. Für alle anderen Stoffe ist die Rückgewinnung durch die fraktionierte Desorption vorgesehen. Diese kann entweder im Gleichstrom- oder im Gegenstromprinzip (bezogen auf die Gasführung) erfolgen. Abhängig vom Dampfdruck des jeweiligen Adsorptivs erfolgt bei fortschreitender Erwärmung die Desorption der einzelnen Komponenten vom Adsorbens. Durch Unterteilung der Desorptionskaamer entsprechend dem Temperaturgradienten können die Substanzen einzeln abgezogen werden.From the reactor, all of the components (gas + adsorbent + additional components, if applicable) are passed through a discharge pipe into a separation system. From there, the liquid / solid substances are fed into the collection container and from there via a piping system with changeover valves either directly (possibly via a drying chamber) into the oxidate ion chamber or fed to the fractional desorption. The former only comes for such substances whose combustion products are harmless and whose recovery would also be uneconomical. For all other substances, recovery by fractional desorption is provided. This can be done either in cocurrent or in countercurrent principle (based on the gas flow). Depending on the vapor pressure of the respective adsorptive, as the heating progresses, the individual components are desorbed from the adsorbent. The substances can be drawn off individually by dividing the desorption chamber according to the temperature gradient.
Für Stoffe, die auf diese V/eise nicht vom Adsorptionsmittel getrennt werden können, ist -je nach ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung- entweder ein Reduktions- oder ein Oxydaticns- prozeß in entsprechenden Systemen vorgesehen.For substances that cannot be separated from the adsorbent in this way, depending on their chemical composition, either a reduction or an oxidizing process is provided in appropriate systems.
Das gegenständliche Verfahren eignet sich alsoThe method in question is therefore suitable
1. für die Reinigung von Gasen und Dämpfen und1. for cleaning gases and vapors and
2. für die Entfernung von Substanzen aus flüssigen Medien (z.B.Abwasserreinigung)For the removal of substances from liquid media (e.g. wastewater treatment)
1. Für die Reinigung von Gasen und Dämpfen, insbesondere von Rauchgasen, gibt es in diesem Verfahren prinzipiell zwei Varianten: 1.1. Direkte Rauchgasreinigung bzw. Gas-(Dampf-)Reinigung 1.2. Indirekte Reinigung1. There are basically two options for cleaning gases and vapors, especially flue gases: 1.1. Direct flue gas cleaning or gas (steam) cleaning 1.2. Indirect cleaning
Für die direkte Reinigung von Gasen und Dämpfen ist folgendes Verfahrensschema vorgesehen: Das Gas (der Dampf) wird ohne weiteren Zusatzstoffe direkt in den Reaktor geleitet,und dort mit der aktivierten Oberfläche des Adsorbens zusammengebracht.The following process scheme is provided for the direct purification of gases and vapors: the gas (the steam) is fed directly into the reactor without any additional additives, and there it is brought together with the activated surface of the adsorbent.
Beim indirekten Verfahren wir das Gas (der Dampf) gemeinsam mit Zusatzstoffen (z. B.Wasser) in den Reaktor geleitet. Dabei werden die Schadstoffe aus dem (Rauch-) Gas durch den Zusatzstoff absorbiert und in der Folge aus der Flüssigkeit an die Aktivierten Oberflächen adsorbiert.In the indirect process, the gas (the steam) is fed into the reactor together with additives (e.g. water). The pollutants from the (smoke) Gas is absorbed by the additive and subsequently adsorbed from the liquid to the activated surfaces.
In beiden Fällen werden die eingebrachten Komponenten nach erfolgter Adsorption durch ein Austragsrohr in ein Trennsystem eingeleitet. Hier erfolgt eine grobe Trennung in gasförmige und feste/flüssige Komponenten. Die vorgereinigte gasförmige Komponente kommt zur weiteren Reinigung in einen Zyklon und im Bedarfsfall noch weiters in ein Filtersystem (z.B.Elektrofilter). Mit der festen/flüssigen Komponente wird verfahren w.e oben beschrieben, nur muß vor der Oxydation bzw. Desorption im Falle der indirekten Reinigung die Flüssigkeit durch einen Separator und/oder eine Zentrifuge entfernt werden. Die Wärmeenergie für die fraktionierte Desorption wird dem heißen Rauchgas oder Dampf vor dessen Eintritt in den Reaktor entzogen, indem dds Gas (der Dampf) durch einen -Wärmetauscher in der Desorptionskammer geleitet wird.In both cases, the introduced components are passed through a discharge pipe into a separation system after adsorption has taken place. Here there is a rough separation into gaseous and solid / liquid components. The pre-cleaned gaseous component is sent to a cyclone for further cleaning and, if necessary, to a filter system (e.g. electrostatic filter). The procedure with the solid / liquid component is described above, except that in the case of indirect cleaning, the liquid must be removed by a separator and / or a centrifuge before oxidation or desorption. The thermal energy for the fractional desorption is extracted from the hot flue gas or steam before it enters the reactor by passing the dds gas (the steam) through a heat exchanger in the desorption chamber.
2. Reinigung von Flüssigkeiten2. Cleaning liquids
Sollen nach gegenständlichem Verfahren Flüssigkeiten gereinigt werden, so werden die Schieber für Gaseintritt. (vor dem Reaktor) ganz und für Gasaustritt (nach dem nach dem Trennsystem)teilweise geschlossen. Die weiteren Schritte sind analog der Gas- (Dampf-) Reinigung, doch muß die Energie für d je Desorption und eventuelle Trocknung von außen zugeführt werden.If liquids are to be cleaned using the objective method, then the slide valves are used for gas entry. (in front of the reactor) completely and partially closed for gas outlet (after that after the separation system). The further steps are analogous to gas (steam) cleaning, but the energy for d each desorption and possible drying must be supplied from the outside.
Im folgenden werden die erfindungsgegenstär.dlichen Verfahren anhand des in Fig.1 dargestellten Schemas und die entsprechenden Vorrichtungen anhand der in den Zeichnungen Fig2. und Fig.3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert. Fig.1In the following, the methods that are contrary to the invention are described using the diagram shown in FIG. 1 and the corresponding devices using the diagrams in FIG. 2. and Figure 3 illustrated embodiments. Fig. 1
1.1. Verfahren für die direkte Reinigung von Gasen und Dämpfen Gas bzw. Dampf wird von der Gas-Eintrittsstelle(11) über Wärmetauscher in der Desorptionskammer(10) in das Eintragsrohr(2) geleitet und von hier in den Reaktor(1), wohin auch das vorzerkleinerte Adsorbens (3) durch das Adsorbenseintragssystem(4) gelangt. Im Reaktor(1) erfolgt nun die Adsorption der Schadstoffe nach Aktivierung der Oberflächen des Adsorptionsmittels. Gas und Adsorbens verlassen den Reaktor(1) durch das Aάstragsrohr(7), durch cfes sie in das Trennsystem(9) gelangen. Hier v/erden die gasförmigen von den festen Bestandteilen getrennt, wonach das Gas in einen Zyklon (15) gelei tetwird und von da gegebenenfalls in ein Filtersystem(16), von welchem aus der Reingasaustritt (17) erfolgt.1.1. Process for the direct purification of gases and vapors Gas or steam is passed from the gas entry point (11) via heat exchangers in the desorption chamber (10) into the inlet pipe (2) and from there into the reactor (1), wherever that too Pre-comminuted adsorbent (3) passes through the adsorbent entry system (4). The adsorption of the pollutants now takes place in the reactor (1) after activation of the surfaces of the adsorbent. Gas and adsorbent leave the reactor (1) through the discharge tube (7), through which they reach the separation system (9). Here the gaseous components are separated from the solid components, after which the gas is fed into a cyclone (15) and from there into a filter system (16), from which the clean gas outlet (17) takes place.
Die festen Substanzen gelangen in den Sammelbehälter(8) und von diesem über das Rohrlei tungssystem(19) mit Umschaltventilen(18) entweder in die Cxydaiionskammer(13) oder sie werden der fraktionierten Desorption in (10) zugeführt. Die desorbierten Stoffe werden getrennt abgezoger(14) und das Adsorbens mit etwaigen verbliebenen Schadstoffen je nach Art dieser Komponenten entweder in die Reduktionskammer(12) oder in die Oxydationskammer(13) gebracht, und zwar über ein Rohrleitungssystem mit Umlenkklappe(20).The solid substances get into the collecting container (8) and from this via the pipeline system (19) with changeover valves (18) either into the Cxydaiionskammer (13) or they are fed to the fractional desorption in (10). The desorbed substances are removed separately (14) and the adsorbent with any remaining pollutants, depending on the type of these components, is brought either into the reduction chamber (12) or into the oxidation chamber (13), specifically via a piping system with a deflection flap (20).
1.2. Verfahren zur indirekten Reinigung von Gasen und Dämpfen Dieses Verfahren unterscheidet sich vom vcrgerannten dadurch, daß in das Eintragsrohr(2) über Düsen oder Zerεtäuber(6) Flüssigkeit(5) zusätzlich zum G as eingebracht wird. Die Flüssigkeitsabscheidurg erfolgt mittels Zentrifuge und/oder Separator(24) über (25). Alle anderen Verfahrensschritte sind gleich den unter lit.1.1. genannten. 2. Verfahren zur Reinigung von Flüssigkeiten1.2. Process for the indirect purification of gases and vapors This process differs from the previous one in that liquid (5) is introduced into the feed pipe (2) via nozzles or atomizers (6) in addition to the gas. The liquid separation takes place by means of a centrifuge and / or separator (24) via (25). All other procedural steps are the same as in lit.1.1. mentioned. 2. Process for cleaning liquids
Dieses Verfehren unterscheidet sich von den beiden vorgenannten dadurch, daß der AbspBrrschieber(22) geschlossen ist und das zu reinigende Medium(z.B.Abwascer) durch einen Zerstäuber(6) in das Eintragsrohr eingebracht wird. Des weiteren ist der Schieber(21) nur teilweise geöffnet, damit fallweise mit dem Adsorbens eingesaugtes Gas feingesaugte Luft) entweichen kann. Zyklon und Filter werden dabei natürlich umgangen. Alle übrigen Verfahreneschritte entsprecher denen der indirekten Gasreinigung.This method differs from the two above-mentioned in that the shut-off slide valve (22) is closed and the medium to be cleaned (e.g. waste water) is introduced into the feed pipe through an atomizer (6). Furthermore, the slide (21) is only partially open, so that occasionally gas sucked in with the adsorbent (escaped air) can escape. The cyclone and filter are of course bypassed. All other process steps correspond to those of indirect gas cleaning.
Fig.2 stellt Reaktor(1) mit Auεtragsrohr(7) und Trennsystem(9) sowie Sammelbehälter(8) dar.2 shows reactor (1) with discharge tube (7) and separation system (9) and collecting container (8).
Das durch die Schnecke(37) eingebrachte Adsorbens gelangt auf den rotierenden Teller(38) und wird von dort auf Grund der Zentrifugalkräfte auf die Prallflechen(36) geschleudert, wobei bereits frische Oberflächen geschaffen werden. Von hier wird das Adsorptionsmittel gemeinsam mit dem zu reinigenden Medium in den Reaktor eingesaugt, wo durch den sich schnell drehenden Rotor(40) ein Unterdruck entsteht. Der Rotcr(40) wird durch einen Motor(39) angetrieben Am Rotorkörper sind schrägstehende, rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete Gleitflächenπir.gebracht, damit die Adsorbensteilchen gegen die am Gehäuse(32) ebenfalls rotationssym- metrisch angeordneten Schlagstifte(34) geschleudert werden, wodurch weitere neue, aktivierte Oberflächen entstehen. Schließlich werden alle in den Reaktor eingebrachten lomponenten durch die Zentrifugalkräfte gegen das rotationssymmetrisch angebrachte Sieb (33) geschleudert. Das Gas kann gemeinsam mit den feinsten Teilchen des Adsorptionsmittels durch das Sieb(33) durchtreten, während gröbere Teilchen durch den Schlitz(41) in das Gehäuse bzw. Spiralgebäuse(32) gebracht werden. Das Sieb(33) hat ausschließlich die Aufgabe, weitere Adsorptionsflächen zu schaffen. Durch das Spiralgehäuεe(32) gelangen sämtliche in den Reaktor(1) eingebrachten Substanzen über das Austragsrohr (7) in das Trennsystem(9). Das Trennsystem besteht aus einem Gasabzugskörper(43), der an einem Teil seiner Zylinderfläche Durchtrittsöffnungen in Form eines Siebes(31) aufweist, und aus einem Kammersystem(28). Dieses ist ein um den Gasabzugskörper rotationss ymmetri sch angeordnetes System von acht drehbaren Samuelkammern(28),deren Abschluß zum Gasabzugskorper mittels radial angeordneter Btirsten(29) an den Innenkanten der Karamertrennwände hergestellt wird. DieseThe adsorbent introduced by the screw (37) reaches the rotating plate (38) and is thrown from there due to the centrifugal forces onto the baffles (36), whereby fresh surfaces are already created. From here, the adsorbent is sucked into the reactor together with the medium to be cleaned, where a vacuum is created by the rapidly rotating rotor (40). The rotor (40) is driven by a motor (39). Sloping, rotationally symmetrically arranged sliding surfaces are provided on the rotor body, so that the adsorbent particles are thrown against the striking pins (34), which are likewise rotationally symmetrically arranged on the housing (32), whereby further new, activated surfaces are created. Finally, all the components introduced into the reactor are thrown against the rotationally symmetrical sieve (33) by the centrifugal forces. The gas can pass through the sieve (33) together with the finest particles of the adsorbent, while coarser particles are brought through the slot (41) into the housing or spiral housing (32). The sieve (33) has the sole task of creating further adsorption surfaces. Through the spiral housing (32), all substances introduced into the reactor (1) reach the separation system (9) via the discharge pipe (7). The separation system consists of a gas exhaust body (43), which has passage openings in the form of a sieve (31) on part of its cylinder surface, and a chamber system (28). This is a system of eight rotatable Samuelkammern (28) arranged around the gas exhaust body rotationss ymmetri sch, the conclusion of the gas exhaust body is made by means of radially arranged brushes (29) on the inner edges of the Karamer partition walls. This
Bürsten diesen einerseits der Abdichtung und sollen andererseits Verstopfungen des Siebes(31) verhindern. Während auf der einen Seite des Trennsystems die entsprechende Kammer beaufschlagt wird, und gleichzeitig der Gasaustritt in den Gasabzugskörper(43) erfolgt, wird auf der anderen Seite eine vorher beaufschlagte Kammer durch die Austrittsöffnung(42) von den festen/flüssigen Stoffen entleert. Die drehbaren Sammelkammern werden an der Außenwand über einen Zahnkranz(27) durch ein Antriebselement(26) in Drehung versetzt.Brush this on the one hand the seal and on the other hand prevent clogging of the sieve (31). While the corresponding chamber is acted on on one side of the separation system and gas is simultaneously discharged into the gas exhaust body (43), on the other side a previously charged chamber is emptied of the solid / liquid substances through the outlet opening (42). The rotatable collecting chambers are set in rotation on the outer wall via a toothed ring (27) by a drive element (26).
Fig.3 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch das Trennsystem nach der Linie a ÷ a, um das System der Sammelkammern zu veranschaulichen.Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the separation system along the line a ÷ a to illustrate the system of the collecting chambers.
Bei der Zeichnung handelt es sich um eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. Die in Fig. 1 als Rohrleitungssystem dargestellten Verbindungen (19) für den Transport des Rückstandes umfassen jedoch auch Förderbänder, Förderschnecken, Elevatoren, Rutschbleche und dgl. Der Transport des Rückstandes kann auch mittels eines inerten Mediums vorgenommen werden. In Fig. 1 ist eine Trockenkammer mit 23 bezeichnet. The drawing is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention. However, the connections (19) shown in FIG. 1 for the transport of the residue also include conveyor belts, screw conveyors, elevators, sliding plates and the like. The residue can also be transported by means of an inert medium. In Fig. 1, a drying chamber is designated 23.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT36985A AT389651B (en) | 1985-02-08 | 1985-02-08 | METHOD FOR TREATING THE CLEANING OF GASES, STEAMS, LIQUID, SOLID MEDIA AND MIXTURES THEREOF FROM AN ADSORPTION METHOD RESIDUED FROM LOADED ADSORBENT AND DEVICE FOR DEVICE FOR DEVICE THEREFOR |
| ATA369/85 | 1985-02-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1986004518A1 true WO1986004518A1 (en) | 1986-08-14 |
Family
ID=3488767
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT1986/000012 Ceased WO1986004518A1 (en) | 1985-02-08 | 1986-02-07 | Process for purifying gas or solid media, process for the treatment of residues obtained from such processes and device for implementing the treatment process |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0211868A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT389651B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1986004518A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1935961A (en) * | 1931-07-29 | 1933-11-21 | Charles H Lewis | Method for increasing efficiency of adsorbents |
| US4131565A (en) * | 1972-01-24 | 1978-12-26 | Masakazu Komori | Process for reactivating spent activated-carbon |
| US4204979A (en) * | 1971-08-23 | 1980-05-27 | Hobbs Jim F | Method of processing activated carbon |
| DE3311100A1 (en) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-09-27 | Wolf Dr.-Ing. 7573 Sinzheim Schulteß | Novel process for gas purification - activation sorption |
| AT378529B (en) * | 1983-05-06 | 1985-08-26 | Trimmel Engelbert Dipl Ing | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING WATER |
-
1985
- 1985-02-08 AT AT36985A patent/AT389651B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-02-07 EP EP19860901007 patent/EP0211868A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-02-07 WO PCT/AT1986/000012 patent/WO1986004518A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1935961A (en) * | 1931-07-29 | 1933-11-21 | Charles H Lewis | Method for increasing efficiency of adsorbents |
| US4204979A (en) * | 1971-08-23 | 1980-05-27 | Hobbs Jim F | Method of processing activated carbon |
| US4131565A (en) * | 1972-01-24 | 1978-12-26 | Masakazu Komori | Process for reactivating spent activated-carbon |
| DE3311100A1 (en) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-09-27 | Wolf Dr.-Ing. 7573 Sinzheim Schulteß | Novel process for gas purification - activation sorption |
| AT378529B (en) * | 1983-05-06 | 1985-08-26 | Trimmel Engelbert Dipl Ing | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING WATER |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT389651B (en) | 1990-01-10 |
| EP0211868A1 (en) | 1987-03-04 |
| ATA36985A (en) | 1989-06-15 |
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