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WO1986004390A1 - Dispositif chauffant electrique pour prechauffer le carburant dans les moteurs a combustion interne, et en particulier les moteurs diesel. - Google Patents

Dispositif chauffant electrique pour prechauffer le carburant dans les moteurs a combustion interne, et en particulier les moteurs diesel. Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1986004390A1
WO1986004390A1 PCT/DE1986/000022 DE8600022W WO8604390A1 WO 1986004390 A1 WO1986004390 A1 WO 1986004390A1 DE 8600022 W DE8600022 W DE 8600022W WO 8604390 A1 WO8604390 A1 WO 8604390A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
heating device
hollow screw
electrical heating
glow plug
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1986/000022
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Eisenhofer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19858501705U external-priority patent/DE8501705U1/de
Priority claimed from DE3537566A external-priority patent/DE3537566C1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1986004390A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986004390A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/30—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • Electric heating device for preheating the fuel of internal combustion engines, in particular
  • the invention relates to an electric heating device for preheating fuel in a fuel supply system for internal combustion engines, in particular diesel engines, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fuel supply to the engine is provided.
  • winter diesel is offered, which is freely flowable through chemical additives down to o -15 ° C. At temperatures below -15 C, however, winter diesel also begins to spoil.
  • chemical additives or by mixing the diesel fuel with Noro 35 malbenzin, the fluidity can be maintained even below -15 C, but the engine power is reduced and the engine load is increased.
  • such additives also increase the pollutant emissions, which are already increased when the internal combustion engine is operating at low temperatures.
  • a special carburetor for example, in which a heating element is arranged, which heats the liquid fuel prior to combustion on optically timale "temperatures. Since these known Vorrich ⁇ processing is applied. In internal combustion engines, the work with carburetors, the problems that occur in particular with diesel vehicles cannot be solved.
  • a very similar heating device is also known from EP 68 688, in which also the KraftstoffZu ⁇ line through a special fitting at the force is bolted cloth filter ', where again the Alloca- tion is provided for a resistance heater protruding into the fuel supply line.
  • an electrical heating device for preheating liquid fuel which can be used at a suitable point as an intermediate piece in the fuel supply line.
  • a heating element extends into a component with an elongated cavity. The fuel to be heated flows through this cavity and is thereby heated by the heating element.
  • a hole is made opposite the outlet opening, which extends into the cavity of the component and is covered by a temperature sensor in the form of a thermostat . The heating element is switched off by this thermostat when the temperature of the fuel exceeds a predetermined level.
  • the pressure control device known from this publication has a cylindrical heating element which is screwed concentrically into a cylindrical housing, the inner diameter of which is somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical heating element.
  • This heating element is regulated via a temperature sensor integrated in the cylindrical housing.
  • the liquid fuel is heated up in front of the filter element, however, as with other known heating devices, it is not possible to heat the fuel filter or the filter housing directly.
  • the Bosch company offers a modified diesel filter with an integrated heating device.
  • the diesel filter is also directly heated, but the complete fuel or diesel filter must be replaced, so that the installation, in particular the subsequent installation, becomes unnecessarily expensive, if not made impossible.
  • DE-OS 30 34 730 a device for preventing excretions in liquid fuels at low temperatures is known, from which the invention is based, in which the electric heating element is arranged in the flow direction of the fuel upstream of the fuel filter.
  • a preheater in which the electrical heating element is arranged, is inserted between the fuel filter and the fuel feed line with a piece of ring hose. The liquid fuel from the The material feed line flows through this preheater and is warmed up by the heating element.
  • a temperature sensor is arranged in the preheater in the flow direction immediately behind the heating element, which detects the temperature of the heated liquid fuel and interrupts the power supply to the electrical heating element when the temperature of the liquid fuel exceeds 45 to 50 ° C.
  • the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heated fuel and not the temperature of the heating element, there is a risk that the fuel will be partially heated above the boiling point if the fuel flow is disturbed or reduced, and that gaseous fuel will heat up due to the deteriorated heat transfer the temperature sensor is falsified compared to liquid fuel on the temperature sensor the temperature measurement. As a result, the heating element would continue to heat the fuel, possibly causing a gas explosion. To prevent this, as with other known heating devices for liquid fuels, care must also be taken in this system that the liquid fuel is not heated to a temperature which is above its boiling point or its evaporation temperature. The easiest way to achieve this is that the temperature difference between the heating element and the fuel to be heated is not chosen too large.
  • the invention has for its object to provide, with relatively simple means, an electrical heating device with a heating power which, compared to the known heating devices, enables more intensive heating of both the fuel and the filter housing.
  • the size of the electrical heating element is minimized. Due to the good heat-conducting connection between the hollow screw and the glow plug inserted into this hollow screw, in addition to the surface of the glow plug, the inner surface of the hollow screw is also available for heating the liquid fuel.
  • the temperature sensor detects a temperature that is not directly dependent on the temperature of the heated fuel depends, but on the temperature of the glow plug.
  • the cold liquid fuel apparently rinses the glow plug in the hollow screw, cools it and is thereby heated itself. If the fuel supply is reduced, for example when idling, the temperature of the glow plug increases, since the energy supplied electrically to the glow plug is no longer dissipated as quickly. This increase in temperature is transferred to the temperature sensor via the hollow screw, so that the glow plug can be deactivated in good time before the liquid fuel begins to evaporate.
  • the ' ⁇ xplosions- or fire pin candle by the Glüh ⁇ is negligible because once a is turfühlers always detected in time to strong heating of the Tempera ⁇ through the highly thermally conductive connection between the glow plug and temperature probe, and since the fuel supply system of internal combustion engines air-tight or oxygen sealing is completed and • consequently no combustion can take place.
  • the sub-claims 2 and 3 relate to preferred arrangements of the temperature sensor, so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is not directly dependent on the temperature of the fuel.
  • the temperature sensor is mounted on a holding part made of a good heat-conducting material, which in turn is in good heat-conducting contact with the banjo bolt.
  • Standard temperature sensors can thus be used, since the temperature sensor does not have to be adapted to the special design of the hollow screw, but rather the holding part can be adapted to the specified configuration of the temperature sensor.
  • the banjo bolt is made of hardened copper, whereby the thermal contact between the temperature sensor and glow plug is improved.
  • this thermal contact could also be improved in that not the entire banjo bolt is made of copper, that is to say a good heat conductor, but rather that only thermal bridges made of a good heat-conducting material, in particular copper, are provided between the glow plug and the holding part .
  • the screw head bore of the hollow screw is provided with a thread, whereby the glow plug can be easily mounted on the one hand and on the other hand a good thermal contact is ensured between the glow plug and the hollow screw.
  • the holding part is a sealing element between the
  • Ring hose piece and the screw head or the filter housing formed A further reduction in size is achieved because one component fulfills two functions.
  • the holding part is made of copper, as a result of which the thermal contact between the temperature sensor and the banjo bolt is improved.
  • the temperature sensor is designed as a thermal switch, which are commercially available as inexpensive integrated components of small size, which enables simplified electrical wiring.
  • the thermal switch is designed as a fail-safe component, for example by using optocouplers, so that any failure of the thermal switch leads to an open switching state and the power supply to the glow plug is interrupted in the event of any type of fault condition becomes.
  • the battery of an internal combustion engine is prevented from being additionally loaded in the starting phase, since the performance of a battery is significantly reduced anyway at low temperatures.
  • Vorsch- invention is' that no additional space is required for installation of the heating element, and that the installation can be performed with minimal structural changes only by the hollow screw on the fuel filter through the inventive hollow screw with the incandescent pen candle is replaced.
  • the changes that have to be made to a conventional banjo bolt are also minimal. It only has to be drilled through the hollow bonnet head and provided with a thread in which the glow plug is then screwed in.
  • Hollow screw remains a comparatively thin cylindrical annular gap.
  • the fuel to be heated is forced through this annular gap and the entire fuel to be heated is essentially heated by direct contact with a heating surface, while the very slow heating of the fuel molecules to each other hardly plays a role due to heat conduction.
  • the filter housing Due to the good heat-conducting metallic connection between the glow plug and the hollow screw and again the hollow screw with the filter housing, the filter housing is also heated by heat conduction, so that paraphin present in the fuel filter is melted if the electrical heating device according to the invention is too late has been switched on, or the motor equipped with it has not been in operation for a long time and has been exposed to low temperatures.
  • the direct thermal coupling of the monitoring temperature sensor with the electrically heated glow plug increases the safety of the electrical heating device considerably, since the switching off of the heating element is guaranteed even when there is no liquid fuel in the immediate vicinity of the glow plug.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the electric Schu ⁇ device, which at any point in the
  • Fuel supply line can be used, and
  • FIG 3 shows an exemplary electrical circuit of the heating device according to the invention.
  • the section shown in FIG. 1 shows the connection point of the fuel supply line 1 to a fuel filter housing 2, which is only partially shown.
  • the end of the fuel supply line 1 is plugged onto a commercially available ring hose piece 3 with a connecting nozzle 4, which is connected via a commercially available M 14 banjo bolt 5 is screwed to the filter housing 2.
  • a sealing element 6 in the form of a copper sealing ring is arranged between the ring tube piece 3 and the filter housing 2.
  • an unwound holding member 8 made of copper with a hole 9 having a leg 10 as a sealing member.
  • a temperature sensor 12 in the form of a thermal switch is screwed onto the other leg 11 of the holding part 8 and opens o when a temperature of 40-50 ° C. is exceeded.
  • the screw head 7 is drilled out centrally so that the inner longitudinal bore 13 of the hollow screw 5 continues outwards in a screw head bore 14.
  • the screw head bore 14 is provided with a thread 21 into which a commercially available single-pole glow plug 15 is screwed so that its glow plug 16, which is provided with an electrical heating coil, is arranged concentrically inside the longitudinal bore 13 and between the wall of the hollow screw 5 and an annular gap remains in the glow plug 16.
  • the inside diameter of the longitudinal bore 13 of a commercially available hollow screw 5 is about 8 mm
  • the outside diameter of the glow plug 16 of a conventional are about 6 mm, so that an approximately 2 mm wide annular gap remains between the glow plug 16 and the inner wall of the longitudinal bore 13. Electrical energy can be supplied to the glow plug 15 via an electrical conductor 17 which is connected to an electrical connection 18.
  • the ring hose section 3 has a circumferential channel 19 into which the hose nozzle 4 opens.
  • the hollow screw 5 has a plurality of radial bores 20 in the area in which the annular hose section 3 lies, so that fuel from the fuel supply line via the annular hose section 3, the radial bores 20 enters the longitudinal bore 13 of the hollow screw 5.
  • the glow plug 15 has an electrical heating power of, for example
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the electrical heating device according to the present invention which can be used at any point in the fuel feed line of an internal combustion engine.
  • the structure of the hollow screw 5 with glow plug 15 is completely identical to the corresponding parts of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and these parts are therefore identified by the same reference numerals.
  • the only difference from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is that instead of an annular hose piece 3 with a connecting sleeve, an annular hose piece 30 with two connecting sleeves 31 and 32 is used, and that the hollow cap 5 with the built-in glow plug 15 does not touch a filter housing, but is screwed into a screw cap 33.
  • the temperature sensor 12 can also be attached to the part of the glow plug 15 protruding from the hollow screw 5 or to the ring tube piece 3 or 30.
  • a control device 40 has a battery connection 41, an alternator connection 42, a ground connection 43 and a first and second output connection 44 and 45, respectively.
  • the battery terminal 41 is connected to a positive terminal 46 of the Bat ⁇ terie while the alternator terminal 42 m a positive voltage terminal 47 leading ei ⁇ ner alternator not shown is connected.
  • a hand switch 48, a thermal switch 49 and the excitation coil of a relay 50 are connected in series between the alternator connection 42 and the ground connection 43.
  • the load side of this relay 50 is connected once to the battery connection 41 and in parallel to the first and second outputs 44 and 45, respectively.
  • the electrical heating winding 51 of the glow plug 16 is connected between the first output 44 and ground.
  • a control lamp 52 is connected between the second output 45 and ground.
  • the manual switch 48 and the thermal switch 49 are closed, the contacts on the load side of the relay 50 are closed and the glow plug 16 and the associated plug Control lamp 52 are supplied with power in parallel. If the glow plug heats up above a predetermined temperature value of, for example, 45 ° C., for example if less fuel or fuel with a higher temperature flows through the heating device, the thermal switch 49 opens and the switching contacts on the load side of the relay 50 open. The power supply to the glow plug 16 and the control lamp 52 is thus interrupted, so that no further heating 'r' of the liquid fuel takes place.
  • Fast glow plugs can be used for diesel engines.
  • the appropriate glow plug can be selected from the offered glow plugs with different heating capacities, taking into account the supply voltage available, the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine and the desired heating of the liquid fuel. If required, the desired heating output can also be adjusted accordingly by means of adjustable series resistors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Un alésage est pratiqué dans la tête (7) d'une vis creuse (5), du genre normalement utilisé pour attacher une tuyauterie d'alimentation en carburant (1) à un filtre à carburant; dans cet alésage (14) on monte une bougie-crayon de préchauffage classique (15) de façon à ce que la tige (16) de la bougie soit située concentriquement dans l'alésage longitudinal (14) de la vis creuse (5). Cette vis creuse modifiée (5) est montée directement dans le boîtier du filtre (2) et reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de commande (40) à une source électrique. Pour régler le chauffage de combustible liquide, une sonde thermique (12) est montée en contact étroit avec la vis creuse (5), de manière à ce que la température détectée par la sonde thermique (12) ne dépende pas de la température du carburant chauffé. De cette manière on assure que la bougie-crayon (15) est éteinte au moment opportun, avant que le carburant liquide ne puisse s'évaporer. Grâce à l'insertion directe de la vis creuse (5) dans le boîtier du filtre (2) et au bon transfert thermique entre la bougie-crayon (15) et la vis creuse (5) d'un côté et la vis creuse (5) et le boîtier du filtre (2) de l'autre, on assure non seulement le chauffage direct du carburant liquide mais aussi celui du boîtier du filtre (2).
PCT/DE1986/000022 1985-01-23 1986-01-22 Dispositif chauffant electrique pour prechauffer le carburant dans les moteurs a combustion interne, et en particulier les moteurs diesel. Ceased WO1986004390A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG8501705.1U 1985-01-23
DE19858501705U DE8501705U1 (de) 1985-01-23 1985-01-23 Heizvorrichtung fuer die kraftstoffzuleitung von dieselfahrzeugen
DE8508223 1985-03-19
DEG8508223.6U 1985-03-19
DEP3537566.3 1985-10-22
DE3537566A DE3537566C1 (de) 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung zum Vorwärmen des Kraftstoffs von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere Dieselmotoren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1986004390A1 true WO1986004390A1 (fr) 1986-07-31

Family

ID=27193613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1986/000022 Ceased WO1986004390A1 (fr) 1985-01-23 1986-01-22 Dispositif chauffant electrique pour prechauffer le carburant dans les moteurs a combustion interne, et en particulier les moteurs diesel.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0245266A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2576362A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986004390A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4108035A1 (de) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-17 Man Technologie Gmbh Kraftstoffventil
FR2723616A1 (fr) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-16 Bouetard Freres Dispositif de filtration pour moteur diesel.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR780834A (fr) * 1934-03-22 1935-05-04 Carburateur
NL6411073A (fr) * 1963-09-24 1965-03-25
GB2037894A (en) * 1978-12-25 1980-07-16 Nissan Motor A Heated Intake Throttle Valve Assembly for an Internal Combustion Engine
GB2049914A (en) * 1979-05-30 1980-12-31 Kroll W Pre-warming fuel
JPS58128458A (ja) * 1982-01-26 1983-08-01 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の始動装置
JPS597764A (ja) * 1982-07-05 1984-01-14 Tokyo Roki Kk 燃料加熱装置
JPS59170460A (ja) * 1983-03-16 1984-09-26 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 内燃機関用燃料加熱装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR780834A (fr) * 1934-03-22 1935-05-04 Carburateur
NL6411073A (fr) * 1963-09-24 1965-03-25
GB2037894A (en) * 1978-12-25 1980-07-16 Nissan Motor A Heated Intake Throttle Valve Assembly for an Internal Combustion Engine
GB2049914A (en) * 1979-05-30 1980-12-31 Kroll W Pre-warming fuel
JPS58128458A (ja) * 1982-01-26 1983-08-01 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の始動装置
JPS597764A (ja) * 1982-07-05 1984-01-14 Tokyo Roki Kk 燃料加熱装置
JPS59170460A (ja) * 1983-03-16 1984-09-26 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 内燃機関用燃料加熱装置

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Volume 7, No. 240, (M-251) (1385) 25 October 1983 & JP, A, 58128458 (Nissan) 01 August 1983 *
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Volume 8, No. 94 (M-293) (1531) 28 April 1984 & JP, A, 59007764 (Toukiyou Roki) 14 January 1984 *
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Volume 9, No. 25 (M-355) (1748) 02 February 1985 & JP, A, 59170460 (Nippon Denso) 26 September 1984, see Abstract *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4108035A1 (de) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-17 Man Technologie Gmbh Kraftstoffventil
FR2723616A1 (fr) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-16 Bouetard Freres Dispositif de filtration pour moteur diesel.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2576362A1 (fr) 1986-07-25
EP0245266A1 (fr) 1987-11-19

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