WO1986001694A1 - Safety helmet, especially a crash helmet - Google Patents

Abstract

The safety helmet comprises a helmet casing (1) and a visor (3), which is movably supported on both sides of the cut-out for the face (2) so that it can be swung away and can be oriented into and fixed in a position in the upper half of a cut-out for the face (2). The invention provides for a control element (5, 8, 9) which operates radially to the swing axis and serves to support movably the visor (3) as it swings back; the control element controls the swing movement by means of a guide-piece and the visor (3) can be set in at least two extreme positions.

Description

 Safety helmet, especially a helmet

The invention relates to a safety helmet, in particular a helmet for motorcyclists according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the known security shelters, in particular crash helmets of this type, two types of visor arrangements and visor training are basically to be distinguished. In one embodiment, the visor rests on the inside or outside of the shell body of the helmet shell and can be folded around fixed pivot points opposite on both helmet sides. In this embodiment, end-toothed locking washers are provided to secure or fix the folding position under slight prestress, namely one disk firmly on the helmet shell and the other disk firmly on the visor. The visor is attached from the outside using screws or locking bolts. The actuation is usually carried out by a

The small protruding nose located on the visor or on the visor frame itself is fulcrum. In the other embodiment, the visor is retractable into the helmet shell or in its face cutout and has outwardly displaceable, in turn opposite, pivot points. Here, a solution has become known in which the visor frame is designed as a film hinge shortly before the pivot bearing points, so that the hinge lies on top of one another via push buttons in the closed position. After releasing the pushbuttons on the right and left, the visor moves outwards out of a lowered position so that it can be folded up unhindered. Furthermore, designs are known in which the visor can be adjusted by means of a handwheel fixed to the helmet, lever mechanisms and Bowden cables. In the case of the first-mentioned embodiment, there is the disadvantage that the locking disks that support one another under pretension are subject to severe wear when used frequently and cause an unpleasant sliding noise when actuated near the ear. In the second embodiment, the inherent advantage of a sunken arrangement of the visor is minimized again by the cumbersome type of fastening by means of the push-button release device. This solution in particular has the considerable disadvantage that, in an emergency, for example if the visor is suddenly soiled, it cannot be loosened and folded up quickly enough, as can the variant with

Handwheel adjustment.

The invention has for its object to improve a safety helmet of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 so that a quick and safe operation of the visor is possible even in an emergency with a simple structural design and overall the utility value is increased.

This object is achieved by the measures specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the invention result from the following patent claims.

In the safety helmet according to the invention, the visor is not axially but radially adjustable and lockable. In this way one has the advantage that the possible variations with regard to the movement of the visor e.g. are very diverse even from a sunken position. There are also considerable advantages with regard to the design and stronger or weaker characteristics of locking fixtures, as a result of which the

Visors can be obtained in a variety of positions. In a structurally very simple embodiment of the invention with a retractable visor, a fixed, rotatable swivel bearing and a radially acting control element are present. In contrast, in a second, preferred embodiment, there is the possibility of designing the control elements in such a way that the entire visor makes a basic stroke outwards during the first opening movement, so that it can be freely pivoted away over the helmet shell. The control elements or a corresponding control cam are preferably designed in such a way that a fixing position

^ 0 or locking peg is reached, which ventilates the visor parallel to its closed position and thus ensures good ventilation while driving. When swiveling upward, any intermediate positions can be provided within the swiveling or folding path up to the end or open position.

^ 5 The visor can be adjusted automatically by simply folding it down and pressing it in the direction of the head, e.g. by engaging two opposite guide pins in a rear hook of the control cam. The aforementioned first lifting position is e.g. needed when the motorcyclist at a stop or the like

2 _Q must stop briefly and want ventilation of the helmet. With a corresponding adjustment of the control elements, for example a spring acting on the control elements, the visor does not need to be closed by hand in this position; rather, the visor is automatically closed by the wind pressure alone.

In the configuration of the safety helmet according to the invention, it is not absolutely necessary, e.g. to synchronize the control elements on both sides of the helmet, which has a simplifying effect on the construction.

Of course, within the scope of the invention there is free movement in the arrangement of the control elements e.g. of the control cams and control pins either on the helmet shell or on the visor. The function is not affected.

_c Advantageous refinements of the invention result from the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing and described below. It shows

1 to 5 a first embodiment of the safety helmet according to the invention with a variant according to FIG. 5,

6 to 1 a second embodiment of the safety helmet according to the invention with variants according to 9 'and 10'

15 a safety helmet according to the invention with the indication of two further design variants,

10

16 to 19 the first variant acc. 15 using sectional views,

20 to 22 illustrate the second embodiment variant

15 'hand of the control disk in different actuation positions,

23 and 2k a further embodiment variant as a detail.

In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a helmet shell of a conventional design with a face cutout 2. In front of the face cutout 2 is a visor 3 made of a transparent, for example elastic material, which can be pivoted upwards about a pivot bearing pin into the dash-dotted open position. o _c The pivot bearing for the visor 3 is on both

Sides of the helmet shell 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the visor is placed on the outside of the surface of the helmet shell 1. The pivot bearing pin 4 or the pivot bearing in general is arranged so that when opened the visor 3 can _pivot freely upward _and into the dot- _dash position. 5 with a control disk serving as a support for the control elements is referred to, which is shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 in detail. This control disk 5 is fastened with two screws 6 on the two opposite sides of the helmet shell 1. It consists of a resilient plastic. The pivot bearing pin 6 is molded or injection molded onto the side parts 2 'on the inner sides and engages in an eccentrically arranged opening 7 of the control disks, as particularly shown in FIG. 3. Also formed on the free legs 3 'of the visor 3 is a control pin 8 on each side of the essentially U-shaped visor 3, which engages in a control cam 9 in the form of a bearing or control recess in the control disk 5. This control curve 9 runs essentially concentrically to the pivot bearing pin 4 and is formed on the outer side by a resilient section 10 of the control disk 5, which is connected to the rest of the control disk 5 only via the spring bar 11. At the boundary of the control cam 9, which belongs to the resilient section 10, there are locking notches 12, 13 and 14, for example with different locking depths. Due to the resilience of the section 10, the control pin 8 inevitably comes up when the visor is pivoted in the direction of the arrow according to FIG. 2 upwards into the next notch 13 and finally into the last notch 14, in which the visor 3 is completely folded up and in the open position located, as Figure 4 illustrates. The first notch 12 is assigned to the closed position of the visor. Of course, 5 separate, for example, metallic springs can be provided instead of the self-resilience of the control disk, which in the

Control disc can be inserted. Control pin 8 and pivot bearing pin 4 protrude so deeply into the control disk 5, as shown in FIG. 3, that they snap axially due to the normal tension of the preformed visor 3 and no longer require any special axial securing means. In the embodiment variant, like FIG. 5, the control disk 5 'has, through a cutout 15 on the circumference, an arcuate resilient edge web 16 which is provided on the outer circumference with locking notches 12, 13, 14. 'The pivot bearing pin 4 and the corresponding opening 7' are arranged in the center of the control disk 5 ', the control pin 8 in turn being able to lock in the resilient locking notches in different sight positions.

Figure 6 again shows a side view of a protective helmet according to the invention in a different embodiment. As the figure shows, the visor 17 is in the closed position in the

Facial section 2 'sunk and essentially outwards towards the flush position. In this exemplary embodiment, the visor 17, as shown in particular in FIGS. 12, 13 and 14, consists of an essentially U-shaped frame 18, for example made of elastic plastic, and of a front and curved transparent visor plate 19. The visor plate 19 is simple

Ver. aken connected to the frame 13, for which purpose the visor plate 19 has resiliently formed latching hooks 20 which releasably ver with corresponding latching elements or latching edges 21 within a receiving point 22 in the frame 18. This visor plate 19 is easily exchangeable or interchangeable and has a folding handle 23 in the center of its underside. A swivel bearing pin 24 and a control pin 25 are formed at a distance from one another on each side of the free leg of the frame 18. The helmet shell 1 ' has at the edge of the face cutout 2 'a slightly drawn-in edge 26, on which the visor 17 in the closed position lies essentially flush against the helmet shell 1', as shown in FIG. In the closed position (extended lines), the visor 17 does not essentially project beyond the outer surface of the helmet shell 1 '. Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10 again illustrate the control device or control elements for the targeted movement of the visor

17 from a closed position into an open position according to the dashed lines in FIG. 6 or also into an intermediate position. For this purpose, each control disc 28 located in a recess 27 of the helmet shell 1 'and fastened by screws 6 has two essentially L-shaped control cams 29 and 30, the pivot bearing pin 24 in the control curve 29 and the control pin 25 in the control curve 30 is arranged and guided. As FIG. 10 shows, at least the pivot bearing pin 24 projects beyond the control cam 29 in the control disk 28 and has an abutment 31 at the projecting end, by means of which the pivot bearing pin 24 is prevented from sliding out of its guide. In the variant according to FIG. 10 ', both the pivot bearing pin 24 and the control pin 25 have smooth-running rollers 32, with which the guidance in the control cams 29 and 30 takes place smoothly. Referring particularly to Figures 7 show through ^'9, extends the

Control curve 29 in the direction of the face section 2 '. At the rear end, this control cam 29 has a fixing point in the form of a Fixing notch 33 for the closed position of the visor 17. When the visor 17 is folded up into the open position, the pivot bearing pin 24 is located near, but not entirely at the front end of the control cam 29, as shown in FIG. 8. Concentric to this point

5 runs the essential section of the control curve 30, which continues from here into a curve section which runs approximately parallel to the control curve 29. Where, the pivot pin 24 facing the edge curve has the control cam 30 notches 34, 35 and 36 for the fixation of the shield plate 17 in different -J _^ Q pivoting positions.

The further construction of the protective helmet is explained on the basis of the mode of operation.

. c If the visor 17 is pushed upwards by pressing on the handle 23 in the direction of the arrow according to FIG. 6, the frame 18 of the visor 17 is supported approximately in the middle with a molded cam 34 on the helmet shell 1 ', so that move the outer frame ends 18 'downward in the direction of the arrow according to FIGS. 6 and 11.

" ₍ -, The pivot pin 24 comes out of its fixing position and the entire visor 17 is displaced by the force of an essentially V-shaped spring 35 towards the front, the visor plate 19 being slightly ventilated, as in FIG. 6 by dash-dotted lines ¬ trains clarifies the lifting with a lifting movement a

- _c according to FIG. 6. By moving further in the direction of arrow 36, the visor 17 can be pivoted into its outermost open position. The non-concentric section of the control cam 30 is extended towards the top, so that the control pin 25 can be hooked in the visor-closed position (FIG. 7). The tax

Pin 25 is arranged at a distance b from the pivot bearing pin 24.

If the visor 17 is moved downward in the direction of arrow 37 with its legs, the pivot bearing pin 24 comes down and is pressed forward by means of the spring 35, so that the visor is vented to the outside by a dimension. The control travels through the inclined surface 38 of the control curve 30

35 pin 25 also downwards, so that a parallel position of the visor plate to the starting position is obtained, by appropriate inclination the inclined surface 38 can also be any other angle of attack. A depression in the form of the locking notch 29 is advantageously arranged in this position, so that this lifting position is fixed. The above-mentioned excess length of the control cam 29 ensures that the spring 35 in this position keeps the visor 17 in this fixing position. Along the concentric section of the control cam 30, the latter has the aforementioned further fixing notches 40 and 41. These fixing notches can be larger or smaller as required, ie have a larger or smaller detent depth,

10 so that different adjustment forces can be achieved when pivoting the visor 17. FIG. 9 shows the arrangement in the open position of the visor 17. To close, the visor 17 is pivoted downward and closed in the lower end position by shifting in the head direction. In this process, the control and pivot bearing journals come or come automatically into the closed, locked position and thus into the starting position by the visor frame or visor plate being placed on the helmet shell 1 '. In the variant according to FIG. 9 ', the control disk 28' is designed very similarly to the control disk according to FIGS. 6 to 9, only that on the upper limit

20 tongue edge of the control curve 29 'a locking toothing is provided with which the pivot bearing pin 24' can lock in very small lifting steps, which is equipped for this purpose with a locking tip. This allows very sensitive different lifting steps to be carried out when lifting the visor.

25

In Figure 10 it is also shown that an incision 43 is provided behind the tapered tip of the pivot bearing pin 24, which is not itself designed as an expanded abutment, in which the spring leg of the spring 33 engages and thus axially fixes and secures the pivot bearing pin 24. In this case

30 it is not necessary to design the cone tip as an expanded abutment. Such an incision 43 is also present in FIG. 10 ', behind which the roller 32 is located. With this design, the visor 17 can additionally be secured axially on both sides. As already mentioned, the frame 18 of the visor 17 has an abutment

35 cam 34, which rests approximately in the center of the helmet so that when it moves in the direction of the arrow as a result of the lever arm 44, a tipping point is formed which detaches the visor 17 in the area of the control disk in the direction 37. l lowers. The same effect can also be achieved if on

Frame end is pressed immediately in the direction 37 '. Another possibility is that the frame 18 is extended like a spoiler at 44 in accordance with FIG. 11, so that the opening process is initiated by pressing in the direction 5 37 'and at the same time the pivotal movement of the visor 17 starts up by pushing further. It can also be seen from FIG. 12 that screw-on surfaces 45 are provided on the lateral boundaries of the helmet shells 1 ', which have recesses 46 which are suitable for the extended execution of the

I Q pin or the pivot bearing pin are provided. 45 threaded holes 47 for the screws 6 are also provided in the screw-on surface. The spring 35 designed as leg fields is inserted before the control disks 28 are screwed on. By slightly pulling the frame ends of the visor 17, the frame can

, c 18 can be snapped in and is ready for use. The control discs

28 are designed so that each - the recesses for the springs 35 in the control disk against the screwing surfaces 45.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, on the visor is ^"

20 in the center of the helmet, a tilting cam which interacts with the edge of the face section and which, when the visor is lifted, represents a tilting point in the center of the helmet in accordance with the stroke movement a. As a result, the pivot bearing pin 24 comes outside the recess or fixing notch 33 and can be together with the

₂₅ visor 17 are moved along the control curve 29 by the amount a, while the control pin 25 is adjusted downward along its control curve 30. This version is advantageous in the presence of a relatively rigid visor. Provided that on both Helm¬ pages corresponding control discs with cams and the like are arranged in _n, a control movement and Ablüftbewegung takes place on both control discs even when the visor is not angefa exactly centrally SST 17 ^'for performing the lifting motion, but more or less off-center . In this case, the hand movement is transmitted to both sides of the helmet in a sufficiently uniform manner. Difficulties arise when the visor 17 'out of light

35 is made of plastic and is relatively unstable, ie not very rigid. If you operate the visor in the direction of 60 according to • ^ Figure 15 is not exactly in the middle, so the pivoting, for example, the pivot pin only on one side and the stroke movement a also takes place only on one side, which leads to a blockage when swinging up the visor, because on the g opposite side the fixing bolt or Pivot bearing its

Has not left the rest position and can no longer leave it, since the movement only goes upwards in the direction of 60. To prevent this, i.e. to tilt the visor even when touching the visor off-center and at relative

, _Q labile embodiment thereof to enable easy Hochschwen¬ ken, wherein two nachbeschriebenen Ausfüh¬ approximately variations on both sides in a symmetrical distribution of the face cut-out a rocking cams 61 and 24 'exist, therefore, c on both sides with lever spacing or d from attack

, _p . point at the edge of the visor.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 16 to 19 there is an integrally formed tilting cam on each side of the visor 17 '

61 available, each rocking cam 61 having an associated

_ _n recessed recess 62 of the helmet shell 1 'engages with play.

__

FIG. 19 shows in section the recess 62, which has a support surface 63 on the upper edge. In the exemplary embodiment, the tilt cams are formed on the bead-like edge 64 of the visor 17 '. The arrangement and design ₍ _ of the control disk 28 with control cams, pivot bearing pin and control pin is identical to the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 to 9. In the closed position of the visor 17 ', the tilting cams 61 engage in the recesses 62 with play. Now the visor 17 15 is actuated in the direction 60, this is supported depending on the twisting of the visor frame

30 in the example shown, at least one of the right-hand tilting cams 61 in FIGS. 16 and 17 on the associated support surface 63 of the recess 62, so that the unlocking of the pivot bearing pin 24 e.g. 7 in the direction 37 according to FIG. 6 via the lever arrangement. there

35, the visor 17 'is shifted outward on one side by the stroke 65, so that the tilting cam 61 on this side outer shell has a distance 66. When the visor 17 'is pressed further, the same process is repeated on the opposite side of the helmet, where the tilting cam 61 likewise disengages, ie is unlocked, and the visor 17' is released in the same way via the springs 35 according to FIGS. 6 to 9 after unlocking has taken place flashed off by the measure 65. The visor 17 'is again parallel to its starting position and can now be pivoted up into the open position.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 20 to 22, the pivot bearing pin 24 'simultaneously represents the tilting cam, in each case on the side of the helmet shell 1'. In this solution variant, special tilting cams and recesses according to the example described above are omitted. The only difference to

The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 6 to 9 consists in that the control cam 30 'for the control pin 25' has a fixing point 67 in the form of a semicircular recess, in which the control pin 25 'is locked and held in the closed position of the visor 17 " the other control curve 29 'for the pivot bearing pin 24' is a smooth, uninterrupted slide track 68 on which the pivot bearing pin 24 'is supported. If the visor 17 "is pivoted in the direction 60 according to FIG. 15, the pivot bearing pin 24' is supported on the aforementioned slide path

68, so that the rear guide pin 25 'to move downward until outside the fixing point 67. The spring 35 presses the visor 17 "simultaneously on both sides or on one side in the first Ablüftstellung strichpunktier- ter as shown in ^Fig igur 15. When swiveling upward, the control position according to FIG. 22 results, in which the visor in turn locks in the open position, as explained in detail in the previous exemplary embodiments.

FIGS. 23 and 24 show a variant with respect to the 2_ holder of the visor 17 illustrates. Here, means are provided to prevent the visor 17 from becoming detached from the helmet shell even when the visor 17 is roughly handled. While in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 10 ', the pivot bearing pin 24 projects beyond the control disk 28 and is provided with a corresponding groove, the pivot bearing pin 24 "according to FIGS. 23 and 24 has an incision 69 which is within the material thickness of the control disk 28". located. Locked in this incision 69

, g also within the material thickness, the spring 35 according to the previous figures. To release the locking connection, the control disk 28 ″ has a small opening 70 at the level of the incision 69, into which a tool, for example a match 71, can be inserted and thus the spring

•, c leg of the spring 35 can be pushed out of the incision 69, as illustrated in Figure 23.

20th

25

30

35

Claims

Claims 1. Safety helmet, especially a helmet for motorcyclists, with a home shell and a visor that is hinged on both sides of the face cutout on the helmet shell and in a position in front of the face cutout and. is pivotable and fixable in a position up to the same, so that a control element acting radially to the folding axis is provided for the hinged mounting of the visor, in which the folding movement is controlled by means of a guide element and the visor can be fixed in at least two extreme positions. 2. Safety helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the control element consists of at least one control cam on the one hand and at least one control and / or bearing journal guided in this control cam on the other hand. 3. Safety helmet according to claim 2, characterized in that the control element carrier is a control disk which can be fastened on the helmet side or two on both helmet sides. 4. Security home according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one control cam is provided with locking points, preferably with locking notches, in which the control or bearing pin is resiliently locked in different, preferably finely graduated pivot positions. 5. Safety helmet according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking notches have different locking depths. 6. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking points e.g. Part of the control disk having locking notches has resilient properties, e.g. consists of elastic material or is designed as a resilient section. 7. Safety helmet according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that separate detent springs are provided for locking the visor. 8. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control disks can be fastened in recesses of the helmet shell. 9. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rotatable and / or radially displaceable pivot bearing pin and a control pin controlling the visor folding movement with associated control cam are provided at least on one side of the helmet. 10. Safety helmet according to claim 9, characterized in that the pins engage in bearing or control recesses of the control disk and are guided therein. 1 1. Safety helmet according to claim 10, characterized in that the pins protrude beyond the control disc and are provided with abutments (spring 35). 12. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rollers are arranged on the pin 13. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the visor carrying the pins or the control disks is U-shaped and resilient and can be latched to the control disks or pins on the helmet shell by snap connection. 14. Safety helmet according to claim 13, characterized in that the pegs are integrally formed on the visor e.g. are injected. 15. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control element is provided as a fixed, rotatable pivot bearing pin and a radial control pin guided in a control cam concentric with said pin. 16. Safety home according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that for the visor, which is preferably flush in the face section of the helmet shell, both a pivot bearing pin and a steering pin are radially displaceable in separate control cams. 17. Safety helmet according to claim 16, characterized in that at least the control curve for the pivot bearing runs in the direction of the face cutout and allows the visor to be opened from the closed position, while the control curve for the control journal runs concentrically to the release position of the pivot bearing journal and has the locking points. 18. Safety helmet according to claim 17, characterized in that on the visor, preferably in the helmet center, a cooperating with the edge of the face cutout Kippnok¬ ken is provided, which is arranged in the projection plane with a lever distance from a folding handle of the visor and for lifting of the visor and for shifting the pin in the control curves temporarily forms a pivot axis. 19. Safety helmet according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the control cam for the pivot bearing pin has a fixing point for the closed position of the visor and the pivot bearing pin released from the fixing point by a spring in the direction of the face cutout of the helmet shell is pressed. 20. Safety helmet according to claim 19, characterized in that the control curve for the pivot bearing pin is longer than is required for the open position of this pin and that the other concentric control curve on the pivot edge facing the pivot edge has locking notches or fixing notches into which the control pin passes the spring is pressed. 21. Safety helmet according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the control cam for the pivot bearing pin having at least one tooth tip has a locking toothing on the edge. 22. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the visor consists of a vorzugwei¬ se U-shaped frame and a detachable insertable front visor plate in the frame. 23. Safety helmet according to claim 22, characterized in that the visor plate has resilient latching hooks which can be latched to the frame with corresponding latching elements. 24. Safety helmet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control elements have a latching or fixing part in which the visor latches when lifting slightly, caused by spring force. 25. Safety helmet according to claim 11, characterized in that the pin (24 ") has an incision (69) lying within the material thickness of the control disk (28"), in which the abutment, preferably a spring (35), intervening. 26. Safety helmet according to claim 25, characterized in that in the control disc (28 ") an opening (70) is provided at the level of the incision (69) into which a tool (71) can be inserted to release the latching connection. 27. Safety helmet according to claim 17, characterized in that a tilt cam (61; 24 ') is provided on the visor (17) on both sides of the face cutout or on opposite helmet sides, which is arranged with lever distance (c, d) from the front visor edge and forms a swivel axis for lifting the visor and for moving the pin in the control runners. 28. Safety helmet according to claim 27, characterized in that the tilting cams (61) engage in recesses (62) of the helmet shell (! '), Each of which has a support surface (63) on which the associated tilting cam is lifted when the visor is lifted is temporarily supported and the tilting cam is then released from the recess in accordance with the control stroke and allows the visor to be pivoted into the open position. 29. Safety helmet according to claim 27, characterized in that the control cam (30 ') for the control pin (25') has a fixing point (67) for the control pin, in which the latter is held in the visor-closed position and that the other control cam ( 29 ') has an uninterrupted slideway (68) for the pivot bearing journal (24') and the pivot bearing journal forms the tilting cam of the visor.