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WO1984004782A1 - Intake and exhaust manifolds - Google Patents

Intake and exhaust manifolds Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984004782A1
WO1984004782A1 PCT/FR1984/000136 FR8400136W WO8404782A1 WO 1984004782 A1 WO1984004782 A1 WO 1984004782A1 FR 8400136 W FR8400136 W FR 8400136W WO 8404782 A1 WO8404782 A1 WO 8404782A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carburetor
cylinder
megaphone
intake
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR1984/000136
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Camps
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1984004782A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984004782A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/1015—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the engine type
    • F02M35/1017—Small engines, e.g. for handheld tools, or model engines; Single cylinder engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10091—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements
    • F02M35/10118—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements with variable cross-sections of intake ducts along their length; Venturis; Diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10268—Heating, cooling or thermal insulating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to internal combustion engines and it relates more particularly to the intake pipes of the fuel mixture and to the exhaust of the burnt gases, as well as the means for heating the carburetor.
  • the intake and exhaust manifolds are generally grouped above or below the central part of the engine block to supply the cylinders and heat, by thermal recovery of the exhaust gas, the carburetor, but only through the base of it.
  • These intake manifolds are always too long and require volumetric exhaust compensation that is too bulky and heavy.
  • the deformation of all the pipes causes a disruption of the throttle control linkage and sometimes the choke.
  • the fuel mixture undergoes temperature variations during its transfer to the cylinders and the geometry of the gas stream is deformed and the modulation breaks of the latter cannot be deleted.
  • the thermal efficiency of the motor is made unstable from which it results from alterations of the rotation speed and of the power and the amplitude of the pulsating wave decreases due to the too large coefficients of friction of the gas stream, due to the excessive length of the intake manifold.
  • a first object of the invention aims at the need to develop the phenomenon as much as possible. calibrated intake turbulence by creating a dynamic pre-turbulence zone capable of amplifying the speed of twist on itself of the gas stream from the inside profile of the tubing, so that this stream undergoes the minimum deformation at the time of its penetration into the cylinder by the intake valve.
  • a second object of the invention aims to take into account the pulsating phenomena, to the point of perfectly matching the pressure wave and the vacuum wave.
  • each cylinder is equipped with a carburetor and a special and independent intake manifold allowing the above-mentioned goals to be achieved.
  • This intake manifold is characterized by helical and sinusoidal internal profiles capable of prestressing the geometry of the gas stream, both on the longitudinal and transverse planes, the amplitude modulation of which varies according to the maximum reduction in the length of the manifold and the difference between the inlet section under the carburetor and the outlet section to the intake valve.
  • the gases are twisted by the internal profile of the tube, at the same time as they are calibrated by this preturbulence throughout their course before their entry in the cylinder.
  • the pressure drop is practically zero because the propagation of the longitudinal waves supports, without decreasing amplitude, the depression wave of the following energy cycle.
  • a third object of the invention aims to obtain the maximum flow of the burnt gases while retaining sufficient engine brake so as not to destroy the exhaust valve, considerably reducing the engine noise defect and allowing full residual combustion of the exhaust gases while eliminating any external flame.
  • each cylinder is provided with a bent exhaust pipe of conoid interior section connected to an expansion-echo cylinder welded in an oblique position and which ends in a flattened megaphone outlet in swallow tail welded along the perpendicular. formed by the axis of the trigger-echo pot and the longitudinal axis of the megaphone.
  • the oblique position of this cylinder as well as its internal dimensions, use the resonant frequency of the deflagrating return wave and return it to the "head" of the exhaust valve by acting as an acoustic spring which avoids the exhaust valve to panic at high speed.
  • a final object of the invention aims to improve the heating of carburetors, in particular those equipping engines used in aviation equipped with the intake and exhaust pipes object of the invention, for example twin-cylinder engines opposite flat, but not exclusively.
  • a column of hot air is created drawn by the rotation of the propeller towards each carburetor, its trumpets of fresh air and the top of the intake manifold of the fuel mixture.
  • This column of hot air borrows, by recovery, the calories released by the tubing-pot of echo trigger and megaphone output.
  • Permanent additional heating of the interior of the carburetor is carried out by recovery of the hot air leaving the oil breather and rid of its greasy impurities and vapors by the interposition of a filter between this breather and each carburetor with warm up.
  • a reinforced hose conveys the hot air between the outlet of the oil breather and the aforementioned filter, then another hose leads the hot air to each carburetor.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the tubing intake object of the invention fitted to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
  • Figure 2 is a side view and Figure 3 a plan view from above.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional elevation view of the tubing previously shown and
  • Figure 5 is a side sectional view.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the exhaust manifold with its echo trigger and its megaphone.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the carburetor heating system, object of the invention.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates the intake manifold fixed to the cylinder 2 of an internal combustion engine and surmounted by a traditional carburetor 3.
  • the manifold in question produced for example by casting of light alloy under pressure, comprises a flange 4 for fixing to the cylinder 2 and a flange 5 for receiving the carburetor 3.
  • this tube is intended to endow the cylinder with a flat twin-engine “Citroen "hence the need to have a flange 4 inclined relative to that 5, receiving the carburetor 3, substantially horizontal.
  • the bore 6 which digs the tubing is both helical and sinusoidal; its section is oblong, with an inlet 7 under the carburetor larger than the outlet 8 towards the cylinder so that the generators converge so as to twist the gas stream of the fuel mixture while reducing its volume from the inlet of the pipe up to 'at its output.
  • the exhaust manifold shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 consists of a tubular elbow 9 of c ⁇ noid shape, to be aware that its inlet section 10 of the burnt gases is larger than the outlet section 11 in the expansion pot 12.
  • the inlet 10 is oblong and has a flange 13 for fixing to the cylinder 2 of the engine.
  • the outlet 11 is circular at its connection to the expansion pot 12.
  • This tube 9 is preferably made of refractory stainless steel.
  • the trigger pot 12 is a stainless steel cylinder refractory closed by two end bottoms 20 , in which a first circular opening was made corresponding to the internal outlet section 11 of the bent tube 9 and, offset from the previous one and diametrically opposite, a second circular opening 14 to which is connected a megaphone 15 formed by a flattened divergent cone produced by stamping and welding of a stamped sheet of refractory stainless steel.
  • the expansion pot 12 is fixed to the end 11 of the tubular bend 9 along an oblique axis to form an acute angle with said tubing, while the axis megaphone 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical trigger pot 12.
  • the exhaust manifold 9, the expansion pot 12 and the megaphone 15 contribute to the heating of the carburetor 3 by the shape and the arrangement of the assembly.
  • the assembly 9, 12 and 15 is located in front of the carburetor providing the cylinder 2 with a flat twin-cylinder engine and that it is in the path of the air column drawn, for example, by the propeller of an aerodyne equipped with this engine.
  • the heat released by the assembly 9, 12 and 15 heats the column of air which envelops the carburetor 3 preventing its icing.
  • the interior of the carburetor is further heated by the hot air evacuated by the engine oil breather conveyed by a hose 16 to a filter 17 from which two hoses 18 leave each the purified hot air towards the air intake 19 of a carburetor 3 of the engine.
  • the intake and exhaust manifolds, as well as the carburetor heating system are particularly intended for engines of the "Fiat Twin" type “Citroen” type V06 / 630 for example, but not exclusively, capable of equipping aerodynes .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The improvements to internal combustion engines are more particularly intended to manifolds for the intake of the carburated mixture and for the exhaust of burnt gas, as well as to means for heating the carburettors. The intake manifold (1) is characterized in that a bore, of oblong cross-section, is helical and fine-shaped and in that the cross-section area of its inlet under the carburettor (3) is larger than that of its outlet to the cylinder (2) so as to twist and calibrate the gas vein. The exhaust manifold is characterized in that it comprises a conoidal elbow (9) connected to an oblique cylindrical detent muffler (12) prolonged by a flattened and perpendicular megaphone (15). The assembly comprised of the elbow (9), the detent muffler (12) and the megaphone (15) is arranged ahead of the carburettor (3) and of the intake manifold (1) for heating them and the megaphone (16) opens out close to said assembly.

Description

Tubulures d'admission et d'échappement.Intake and exhaust manifolds.

La présente invention est relative aux moteurs à explosion et elle concerne plus particulièrement les tubulures d'admission du mélange carburé et d'échappement des gaz brûlés, ainsi que les moyens de réchauffage du carburateur. Actuellement, dans les moteurs à explosion multicylindres à quatre temps, les tubulures d'admission et d'échappement sont généralement regroupées au-dessus ou au-dessous de la partie centrale du bloc-moteur pour alimenter les cylindres et réchauffer, par récupération thermique des gaz d'échappement, le carburateur, mais seulement par la base de celui-ci. Ces tubulures d'admission s'avèrent toujours d'une longueur trop importante et nécessitent une compensation volumétrique à l'échappement trop encombrante et lourde. De plus, lorsque le bloc-moteur est très chaud, la déformation de l'ensemble des tubulures occasionne un dérèglement de la timonerie de commande des gaz et quelquefois du starter. A cause de la longueur et de la forme de la section des tubulures d'admission, le mélange carburé subit des variations de température pendant son transfert aux cylindres et la géométrie de la veine gazeuse est déformée et les ruptures de modulation de cette dernière ne peuvent être supprimées. Ainsi, le rendement thermique du moteur est rendu instable d'où il résulte des altérations du régime de rotation et de la puissance et l'amplitude de l'onde pulsatoire décroît à cause des trop importants coefficients de frottement de la veine gazeuse, dûs à la trop grande longueur de la tubulure d'admission. On constate des phases de désaccord de chaque tubulure avec le système d'ondes généré par le moteur et une variation du couple de ce dernier lorsque ce moteur travaille à des régimes élevés, ce qui est considérablement dangereux pour un moteur d'aérodyne à hélice.The present invention relates to internal combustion engines and it relates more particularly to the intake pipes of the fuel mixture and to the exhaust of the burnt gases, as well as the means for heating the carburetor. Currently, in multi-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engines, the intake and exhaust manifolds are generally grouped above or below the central part of the engine block to supply the cylinders and heat, by thermal recovery of the exhaust gas, the carburetor, but only through the base of it. These intake manifolds are always too long and require volumetric exhaust compensation that is too bulky and heavy. In addition, when the engine block is very hot, the deformation of all the pipes causes a disruption of the throttle control linkage and sometimes the choke. Because of the length and the shape of the cross-section of the intake pipes, the fuel mixture undergoes temperature variations during its transfer to the cylinders and the geometry of the gas stream is deformed and the modulation breaks of the latter cannot be deleted. Thus, the thermal efficiency of the motor is made unstable from which it results from alterations of the rotation speed and of the power and the amplitude of the pulsating wave decreases due to the too large coefficients of friction of the gas stream, due to the excessive length of the intake manifold. There are phases of disagreement of each pipe with the wave system generated by the engine and a variation of the torque of the latter when this engine is working at high speeds, which is considerably dangerous for an aerodyne propeller engine.

Pour pallier ces inconvénients, un premier but de l'invention vise la nécessité de développer au maximum le phénomène de turbulence calibrée d'admission en créant une zone de préturbulence dynamique capable d'amplifier la rapidité de vrillage sur elle-même de la veine gazeuse à partir du profil intérieur de la tubulure, afin que cette veine subisse le minimum de déformations au moment de sa pénétration dans le cylindre par la soupape d'admission.To overcome these drawbacks, a first object of the invention aims at the need to develop the phenomenon as much as possible. calibrated intake turbulence by creating a dynamic pre-turbulence zone capable of amplifying the speed of twist on itself of the gas stream from the inside profile of the tubing, so that this stream undergoes the minimum deformation at the time of its penetration into the cylinder by the intake valve.

Un deuxième but de l'invention vise à prendre en compte les phénomènes pulsatoires, au point de mettre parfaitement en phase l'onde de pression et l'onde de dépression. A cet effet, on dote chaque cylindre d'un carburateur et d'une tubulure d'admission spéciale et indépendante permettant d'atteindre les buts sus-visés. Cette tubulure d'admission se caractérise par des profils intérieurs hélicoïdal et sinusoïdal susceptibles de précontraindre la géométrie de la veine gazeuse, tant sur les plans longitudinaux que transversaux, dont la modulation d'amplitude varie en fonction de la réduction maximale de la longueur de la tubulure et de la différence entre la section d'entrée sous le carburateur et la section de sortie vers la soupape d'admission. A la sortie du carburateur et sous l'action de l'aspiration issue du cylindre, les gaz sont vrillés par le profil intérieur de la tubulure, en même temps qu'ils sont calibrés par cette préturbulence tout au long de leur parcours avant leur entrée dans le cylindre. La perte de charge est pratiquemeπt nulle parce que la propagation des ondes longitudinales appuie, sans décroissance d'amplitude, l'onde de dépression du cycle énergétique suivant.A second object of the invention aims to take into account the pulsating phenomena, to the point of perfectly matching the pressure wave and the vacuum wave. To this end, each cylinder is equipped with a carburetor and a special and independent intake manifold allowing the above-mentioned goals to be achieved. This intake manifold is characterized by helical and sinusoidal internal profiles capable of prestressing the geometry of the gas stream, both on the longitudinal and transverse planes, the amplitude modulation of which varies according to the maximum reduction in the length of the manifold and the difference between the inlet section under the carburetor and the outlet section to the intake valve. At the outlet of the carburetor and under the action of the suction coming from the cylinder, the gases are twisted by the internal profile of the tube, at the same time as they are calibrated by this preturbulence throughout their course before their entry in the cylinder. The pressure drop is practically zero because the propagation of the longitudinal waves supports, without decreasing amplitude, the depression wave of the following energy cycle.

Au moment de la levée de la soupape d'admission et avant l'entrée du mélange carburé dans le cylindre, la veine gazeuse est totalement calibrée et sa pression modulée de façon qu'elle soit guidée sans défaut par le raccordement queue-flanc de cette soupape d'où il résulte une absence totale de saut des gaz au niveau de la portée de la soupape et de décollement des filets de ces mêmes gaz au voisinage du siège de ladite soupape. D'autre part, le profil interne de cette tubulure évite tout désamorçage et par conséquent tout phénomène de "vapour-lock".When the intake valve is lifted and before the fuel mixture enters the cylinder, the gas stream is fully calibrated and its pressure modulated so that it is guided without defect by the tail-flank connection of this valve which results in a total absence of gas jump at the level of the valve range and detachment of the threads of these same gases in the vicinity of the seat of said valve. On the other hand, the internal profile of this tubing prevents any defusing and therefore any phenomenon of "vapor-lock".

Un troisième but de l'invention vise à obtenir le maximum d'écoulement des gaz brûlés tout en conservant suffisamment de frein moteur pour ne pas détruire la soupape d'échappement, à diminuer considérablement le défaut sonore du moteur et à permettre une combustion résiduelle intégrale des gaz évacués tout en supprimant toute flamme extérieure.A third object of the invention aims to obtain the maximum flow of the burnt gases while retaining sufficient engine brake so as not to destroy the exhaust valve, considerably reducing the engine noise defect and allowing full residual combustion of the exhaust gases while eliminating any external flame.

A cet effet, on dote chaque cylindre d'une tubulure d'échappement coudée de section intérieure conoïde raccordée à un cylindre de détente-écho soudé en position oblique et qui se termine par une sortie mégaphone aplatie en queue d'hirondelle soudée selon la perpendiculaire formée par l'axe du pot de détente-écho et l'axe longitudinal du mégaphone. La position oblique de ce cylindre, ainsi que ses dimensions internes, utilisent la fréquence de résonnance de l'onde retour déflagrante et renvoient celle-ci sur la "tête" de la soupape d'échappement en agissant comme un ressort acoustique qui évite à la soupape d'échappement de s'affoler à haut régime.For this purpose, each cylinder is provided with a bent exhaust pipe of conoid interior section connected to an expansion-echo cylinder welded in an oblique position and which ends in a flattened megaphone outlet in swallow tail welded along the perpendicular. formed by the axis of the trigger-echo pot and the longitudinal axis of the megaphone. The oblique position of this cylinder, as well as its internal dimensions, use the resonant frequency of the deflagrating return wave and return it to the "head" of the exhaust valve by acting as an acoustic spring which avoids the exhaust valve to panic at high speed.

Un dernier but de l'invention vise à améliorer le réchauffage des carburateurs, notamment ceux équipant les moteurs utilisés en aviation dotés des tubulures d'admission et d'échappement objet de l'invention, par exemple les moteurs bicylindres opposés à plat, mais non exclusivement.A final object of the invention aims to improve the heating of carburetors, in particular those equipping engines used in aviation equipped with the intake and exhaust pipes object of the invention, for example twin-cylinder engines opposite flat, but not exclusively.

A cet effet, on crée une colonne d'air chaud puisée par la rotation de l'hélice vers chaque carburateur, ses trompettes d'air frais et le haut de la tubulure d'admission du mélange carburé. Cette colonne d'air chaud emprunte, par récupération, les calories dégagées par l'ensemble tubulure-pot de détenteécho et sortie mégaphone. Un réchauffage d'appoint permanent de l'intérieur du carburateur est réalisé par récupération de l'air chaud sortant du reniflard d'huile et débarassé de ses impuretés et vapeurs graisseuses par l'interposition d'un filtre entre ce reniflard et chaque carburateur à réchauffer. Une durite armée véhicule l'air chaud entre la sortie du reniflard d'huile et le filtre susmentionné, puis une autre durite conduit l'air chaud vers chaque carburateur. Les détails de ces perfectionnements seront mieux compris par la description qui va suivre se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :For this purpose, a column of hot air is created drawn by the rotation of the propeller towards each carburetor, its trumpets of fresh air and the top of the intake manifold of the fuel mixture. This column of hot air borrows, by recovery, the calories released by the tubing-pot of echo trigger and megaphone output. Permanent additional heating of the interior of the carburetor is carried out by recovery of the hot air leaving the oil breather and rid of its greasy impurities and vapors by the interposition of a filter between this breather and each carburetor with warm up. A reinforced hose conveys the hot air between the outlet of the oil breather and the aforementioned filter, then another hose leads the hot air to each carburetor. The details of these improvements will be better understood from the description which follows, referring to the appended drawings in which:

La figure 1 est une vue en perspective de la tubulure d'admission objet de l'invention équipant le cylindre d'un moteur à explosion.Figure 1 is a perspective view of the tubing intake object of the invention fitted to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

La figure 2 en est une vue de profil et la figure 3 une vue en plan par-dessus. La figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'élévation de la tubulure précédemment représentée et la figure 5 en est une vue en coupe de côté.Figure 2 is a side view and Figure 3 a plan view from above. Figure 4 is a sectional elevation view of the tubing previously shown and Figure 5 is a side sectional view.

La figure 6 est une vue en perspective de la tubulure d'échappement avec son pot de détente-écho et son mégaphone. La figure 7 est une vue schématique du système de réchauffage du carburateur, objet de l'invention.Figure 6 is a perspective view of the exhaust manifold with its echo trigger and its megaphone. Figure 7 is a schematic view of the carburetor heating system, object of the invention.

Sur les figures 1 à 5 des dessins, le repère 1 désigne la tubulure d'admission fixée sur le cylindre 2 d'un moteur à explosion et surmontée d'un carburateur traditionnel 3. La tubulure dont il s'agit, réalisée par exemple par moulage d'alliage léger sous pression, comporte une bride 4 de fixation au cylindre 2 et une bride 5 de réception du carburateur 3. Dans l'exemple représenté, cette tubulure est destinée à doter le cylindre d'un moteur bicylindre à plat "Citroen" d'où la nécessité d'avoir une bride 4 inclinée par rapport à celle 5 , recevant le carburateur 3, sensiblement horizontale.In FIGS. 1 to 5 of the drawings, the reference numeral 1 designates the intake manifold fixed to the cylinder 2 of an internal combustion engine and surmounted by a traditional carburetor 3. The manifold in question, produced for example by casting of light alloy under pressure, comprises a flange 4 for fixing to the cylinder 2 and a flange 5 for receiving the carburetor 3. In the example shown, this tube is intended to endow the cylinder with a flat twin-engine "Citroen "hence the need to have a flange 4 inclined relative to that 5, receiving the carburetor 3, substantially horizontal.

Comme le montrent les figures 1 à 5, l'alésage 6 qui creuse la tubulure est à la fois hélicoïdal et sinusoïdal; sa section est oblongue, avec une entrée 7 sous le carburateur plus grande que la sortie 8 vers le cylindre de sorte que les génératrices convergent de manière à vriller la veine gazeuse du mélange carburé tout en réduisant son volume depuis l'entrée de la tubulure jusqu'à sa sortie. La tubulure d'échappement représentée figures 6 et 7 est constituée d'un coude tubulaire 9 de forme cαnoïde à sav oir que sa section d'entrée 10 des gaz brûlés est plus grande que la section de sortie 11 dans le pot de détente 12. L'entrée 10 est oblongue et comporte une bride 13 de fixation au cylindre 2 du moteur. La sortie 11 est circulaire au niveau de son raccord au pot de détente 12. Cette tubulure 9 est de préférence en acier inoxydable réfractaire.As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the bore 6 which digs the tubing is both helical and sinusoidal; its section is oblong, with an inlet 7 under the carburetor larger than the outlet 8 towards the cylinder so that the generators converge so as to twist the gas stream of the fuel mixture while reducing its volume from the inlet of the pipe up to 'at its output. The exhaust manifold shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 consists of a tubular elbow 9 of cαnoid shape, to be aware that its inlet section 10 of the burnt gases is larger than the outlet section 11 in the expansion pot 12. The inlet 10 is oblong and has a flange 13 for fixing to the cylinder 2 of the engine. The outlet 11 is circular at its connection to the expansion pot 12. This tube 9 is preferably made of refractory stainless steel.

Le pot de détente 12 est un cylindre en acier inoxydable réfractaire fermé par deux fonds d'extrémité 20,, dans lequel on a pratiqué une première ouverture circulaire correspondant à la section interne de sortie 11 de la tubulure coudée 9 et, décalée par rapport à la précédente et diamétralement opposée, une seconde ouverture circulaire 14 à laquelle se raccorde un mégaphone 15 formé d'un cône divergent aplati réalisé par emboutissage et soudage d'une tôle matricée en acier inoxydable réfractaire. Comme on le constate sur les figures 6 et 7, le pot de détente 12 est fixé à l'extrémité 11 du coude tubulaire 9 selon un axe oblique pour former un angle aigu avec ladite tubulure, alors que l'axe

Figure imgf000007_0001
mégaphone 15 est perpendiculaire à l'axe du pot de détente cylindrique 12.The trigger pot 12 is a stainless steel cylinder refractory closed by two end bottoms 20 ,, in which a first circular opening was made corresponding to the internal outlet section 11 of the bent tube 9 and, offset from the previous one and diametrically opposite, a second circular opening 14 to which is connected a megaphone 15 formed by a flattened divergent cone produced by stamping and welding of a stamped sheet of refractory stainless steel. As can be seen in Figures 6 and 7, the expansion pot 12 is fixed to the end 11 of the tubular bend 9 along an oblique axis to form an acute angle with said tubing, while the axis
Figure imgf000007_0001
megaphone 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical trigger pot 12.

Comme l'illustre la figure 7, la tubulure d'échappement 9, le pot de détente 12 et le mégaphone 15 concourent au réchauffement du carburateur 3 par la forme et la disposition de l'ensemble. On constate en effet que l'ensemble 9, 12 et 15 se situe en avant du carburateur dotant le cylindre 2 d'un moteur bicylindre à plat et qu'il se trouve sur le chemin de la colonne d'air puisée, par exemple, par l'hélice d'un aérodyne équipé de ce moteur.La chaleur dégagée par l'ensemble 9, 12 et 15 réchauffe la colonne d'air qui enveloppe le carburateur 3 empêchant son givrage.As illustrated in Figure 7, the exhaust manifold 9, the expansion pot 12 and the megaphone 15 contribute to the heating of the carburetor 3 by the shape and the arrangement of the assembly. In fact, it can be seen that the assembly 9, 12 and 15 is located in front of the carburetor providing the cylinder 2 with a flat twin-cylinder engine and that it is in the path of the air column drawn, for example, by the propeller of an aerodyne equipped with this engine. The heat released by the assembly 9, 12 and 15 heats the column of air which envelops the carburetor 3 preventing its icing.

L'intérieur du carburateur est en outre réchauffé par l'air chaud évacué par le reniflard d'huile du moteur véhiculé par une durite 16 jusqu'à un filtre 17 d'où partent deux durites 18 conduisant chacune l'air chaud épuré vers la prise d'air 19 d'un carburateur 3 du moteur.The interior of the carburetor is further heated by the hot air evacuated by the engine oil breather conveyed by a hose 16 to a filter 17 from which two hoses 18 leave each the purified hot air towards the air intake 19 of a carburetor 3 of the engine.

Les tubulures d'admission et d'échappement, ainsi que le système de réchauffage du carburateur sont particulièrement destinés à des moteurs du genre "Fiat Twin" type "Citroen" V06/630 par exemple, mais non exclusivement, susceptibles d'équiper des aérodynes. The intake and exhaust manifolds, as well as the carburetor heating system are particularly intended for engines of the "Fiat Twin" type "Citroen" type V06 / 630 for example, but not exclusively, capable of equipping aerodynes .

Claims

RevendicationsClaims 1 - Tubulure d'admission pour moteur à explosion bicylindre à plat comprenant un corps (1) surmonté d'une bride (5) de réception d'un carburateur (3) et comportant une bride (4) de fixation à un cylindre (2) du moteur, caractérisé par le fait que son alésage (é), de section oblongue, est hélicoïdal et sinusoïdal et que la section de son entrée (7) sous le carburateur (3) est plus grande que celle de sa sortie (8) vers le cylindre (2) de manière à vriller et calibrer la veine gazeuse du mélange carburé. 2 - Tubulure d'admission suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la bride (4) de fixation au cylindre (2) est incliné par rapport à la bride (5) de fixation du carburateur (3) sensiblement horizontale.1 - Intake manifold for a flat twin-cylinder combustion engine comprising a body (1) surmounted by a flange (5) for receiving a carburetor (3) and comprising a flange (4) for fixing to a cylinder (2 ) of the engine, characterized in that its bore (é), of oblong section, is helical and sinusoidal and that the section of its inlet (7) under the carburetor (3) is larger than that of its outlet (8) towards the cylinder (2) so as to twist and calibrate the gas stream of the fuel mixture. 2 - Intake manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange (4) for fixing to the cylinder (2) is inclined relative to the flange (5) for fixing the carburetor (3) substantially horizontal. 3 - Tubulure d'échappement pour moteur à explosion bicylindre à plat équipé d'une tubulure d'admission suivant la revendication 1, comprenant un coude tubulaire (9) équipé d'une bride (13) de fixation à un cylindre (2) du moteur et débouchant dans un pot de détente cylindrique (12) prolongé d'un mégaphone (15) formé d'un cône divergent aplati, caractérisée par le fait que la tubulure (9) est conoïde avec une entrée oblongue (10) des gaz brûlés de section plus grande que celle circulaire de la sortie (11) dans le pot de détente (12).3 - Exhaust manifold for flat twin-cylinder explosion engine equipped with an intake manifold according to claim 1, comprising a tubular elbow (9) equipped with a flange (13) for attachment to a cylinder (2) of the motor and opening into a cylindrical expansion pot (12) extended by a megaphone (15) formed by a flattened divergent cone, characterized in that the tube (9) is conoid with an oblong inlet (10) for the burnt gases of larger cross-section than that of the outlet (11) in the expansion pot (12). 4 - Tubulure d'échappement suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que l'entrée (11) des gaz dans le pot de détente (12) est décalée et diamétralement opposée à la sortie (14) des gaz dans le mégaphone (15).4 - Exhaust manifold according to claim 3, characterized in that the inlet (11) of the gases in the expansion pot (12) is offset and diametrically opposite to the outlet (14) of the gases in the megaphone (15 ). 5 - Tubulure d'échappement suivant les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisée par le fait que le pot de détente (12) est en position oblique par rapport au coude tubulaire (9), alors que le mégaphone (15) est perpendiculaire à l'axe dudit pot de détente.5 - Exhaust manifold according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the expansion pot (12) is in an oblique position relative to the tubular elbow (9), while the megaphone (15) is perpendicular to the axis of said expansion pot. 6 - Dispositif de réchauffage d'un carburateur de moteur bicylindre à plat équipé d'une tubulure d'échappement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'ensemble coudé (9), pot de détente (12) et mégaphone (15) est disposé en avant du carburateur (3) et de la tubulure d'admission (1) pour réchauffer la colonne d'air puisé autour du carburateur et que le mégaphone (15) débouche à proximité des prises d'air dudit carburateur.6 - Device for reheating a flat twin-cylinder engine carburetor equipped with an exhaust pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that the bent assembly (9), expansion pot (12) and megaphone (15 ) is arranged in front of the carburetor (3) and the intake manifold (1) to heat the column of air drawn around the carburetor and that the megaphone (15) opens near the air intakes of said carburetor. 7 - Dispositif de réchauffage suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'une durite (18) conduit l'air chaud évacué par le reniflard d'huile jusqu'à une prise d'air (19) du carburateur (3) pour le réchauffer de l'intérieur. 7 - Reheating device according to claim 6, characterized in that a hose (18) conducts the hot air evacuated by the oil breather to an air intake (19) of the carburetor (3) for reheat it from the inside.
PCT/FR1984/000136 1983-05-24 1984-05-24 Intake and exhaust manifolds Ceased WO1984004782A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8308765A FR2546572B1 (en) 1983-05-24 1983-05-24 INLET AND EXHAUST PIPES FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES AND CARBURETOR HEATING DEVICE USING THE SAME

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WO1984004782A1 true WO1984004782A1 (en) 1984-12-06

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PCT/FR1984/000136 Ceased WO1984004782A1 (en) 1983-05-24 1984-05-24 Intake and exhaust manifolds

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AU (1) AU3011784A (en)
FR (1) FR2546572B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1984004782A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100520231B1 (en) * 2002-06-25 2005-10-11 쌍용자동차 주식회사 Air duct of air cleaner for automobiles

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991057A (en) * 1957-06-05 1961-07-04 John C Mays Fuel supply means for internal combustion engine
FR2145042A5 (en) * 1971-07-07 1973-02-16 Barnabe Paul

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991057A (en) * 1957-06-05 1961-07-04 John C Mays Fuel supply means for internal combustion engine
FR2145042A5 (en) * 1971-07-07 1973-02-16 Barnabe Paul

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100520231B1 (en) * 2002-06-25 2005-10-11 쌍용자동차 주식회사 Air duct of air cleaner for automobiles

Also Published As

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FR2546572A1 (en) 1984-11-30
FR2546572B1 (en) 1985-08-30
EP0146576A1 (en) 1985-07-03
AU3011784A (en) 1984-12-18

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