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WO1984000441A1 - Utilization of highly radioactive components of used dissolved fuel elements - Google Patents

Utilization of highly radioactive components of used dissolved fuel elements Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984000441A1
WO1984000441A1 PCT/EP1983/000169 EP8300169W WO8400441A1 WO 1984000441 A1 WO1984000441 A1 WO 1984000441A1 EP 8300169 W EP8300169 W EP 8300169W WO 8400441 A1 WO8400441 A1 WO 8400441A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
highly radioactive
heat
radiation
utilization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1983/000169
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Franz Joseph Gattys
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GATTYS TECHNIQUE SA
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GATTYS TECHNIQUE SA
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Application filed by GATTYS TECHNIQUE SA filed Critical GATTYS TECHNIQUE SA
Publication of WO1984000441A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984000441A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/08—Processing by evaporation; by distillation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/14—Processing by incineration; by calcination, e.g. desiccation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/30—Processing
    • G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
    • G21F9/302—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix
    • G21F9/305—Glass or glass like matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
    • G21H5/00—Applications of radiation from radioactive sources or arrangements therefor, not otherwise provided for 
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds

Definitions

  • Processing plants contain highly radioactive components
  • the aim of the present invention is to create another
  • OMPI term use of the spent fuel and the inventions is that the highly radioactive components contained in the waste solutions from nuclear fuel processing plants, in particular cesium 137 and rubidium 106, are used to sanitize sewage sludge and / or recover the residual heat potential to generate low-temperature heat.
  • waste materials from nuclear reactors which are regarded as problematic waste, are put to extremely useful use, namely in the sanitization of sewage sludge using gamma radiation and in residual energy utilization to obtain low-temperature heat, for example for domestic water production.
  • sewage sludges contain valuable plant nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus compounds, organic substances and trace elements, whose use in agriculture has so far failed due to the fact that they predominantly remove large quantities of pathogens. hold.
  • the highly radioactive waste materials from nuclear reactors can be used with great benefit, through whose gamma radiation a fully
  • Sludge remains permeable to water, so that when used as a fertilizer no impermeable crust forms on the field soil.
  • the procedure according to the invention is environmentally friendly, does not consume oxygen, does not develop any gases and does not release any organic nitrogen compounds, so that the The use is extremely economical, the isolation and melting in a glass matrix takes place without additional costs within the scope of the required treatment process, whereby the disposal costs are eliminated due to the utilization for the stated purpose.
  • Fig.l. is a schematic representation of a standard facility for sanitizing sewage sludge
  • Fig. 1 of the drawing 3 denotes a radiation-proof sheathed container, which is expediently laid to increase safety in the ground.
  • a double-walled inner vessel 2 is provided as a support for the glass matrix 1 such that in the double-walled vessel forming an annular space Glass beads are piled up in a loose chute.
  • the interior of the inner vessel 2 and the outer vessel 3a are each connected at their lower ends via a pipeline 6 which leads to the outside and in which a circulation pump 5 is incorporated.
  • the circulation pump also serves to remove the sewage sludge from the container after the treatment.
  • a feed line is used to feed the sewage sludge into the tank, a further line 8 serves as a ventilation line.
  • the container is closed with a radiation-proof shield 4 upwards.
  • the sewage sludge is introduced via line 7 into container 3 until it is completely filled and circulated in the container by pump 5 such that the sludge located outside the inner vessel 2 is drawn off and from pump 5 via line 6 is pumped into the space enclosed by the inner vessel. It rises under the pressure of repressing the sewage sludge in the vessel 2 and passes over the upper edge into the room located outside the inner vessel 2, in which. it in turn flows downwards. In this way, the sewage sludge is intensively irradiated over its entire circulation path in the container and is hygienized in the manner specified. After complete sanitation, the sewage sludge is completely drawn off by the pump 5 from the tank parts via the line leading to the outside - to the right in the drawing.
  • the heat recovery pellet silo shown in FIG. 2 also consists of a shielded container 10, in which the radioactive material is entrained in bulk
  • heat chambers 12 are formed in which circulation lines for a heat transfer medium are guided, through which the heat developing in the silo is dissipated.
  • thermostatic valve 13 At the head of the container 10 there is a thermostatic valve 13 which, in the event of insufficient heat dissipation via the circulation lines or failure of the system, can result in exercises

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Utilization of highly radioactive components originating from used dissolved fuel elements from plants transforming used fuel elements particularly caesium 137 and rubidium 106 to make less toxic the decantation product and/or to provide low temperature heat for obtaining hot water. The utilization is carried out by the denitration of the solution with paraformaldehyde in the presence of potassium sulfate acid or oxalic acid and by pelleting and hot incorporation in a glass die. The formed pellets are directed to a standard plant by accumulation.

Description

Verweπ dun g de r in den Ab fall -Lösungen aus Brennele en tεn - Usage in waste solutions from fuel oils -

! I ι! I ι

Aufarbeitungs-Anlagen enthaltenen hochradioaktiven BestandteilProcessing plants contain highly radioactive components

Die Aufarbeitung abgebrannter Brennelemente aus Kernreaktoren ist ein nach wie vor nicht voll befriedigend gelöstes Problem. Sie erfolgt bisher in der Weise, daß die Brennelemente zunächst in heißer Salpe ersäure gelöst, die, die Lösung nach Isolierung und Abtrennung der anderweit wiederverwertbaren Uran- und Pluto- niumbestandteile zunächst einer Aufkonzentrierung und Denitrie- rung sowie einer Vortrockπung und Kalzinierung unterworfen wird, worauf die derart konzentrierten hochradioaktiven Bestandteile i eine Glasmatrix und diese wiederum in eine Bleipackung einge¬ schmolzen wird, die in entsprechenden Behältern in einem Endla- ger abgelagert wird. Sowohl das Aufarbeitungsverfahren selbst, insbesondere dessen Kalzinierungsstufe , als auch die Vorbereitun zur Endlagerung und die Endlagerung selbst, bereiten bekanntlich erhebliche Probleme wegen der möglichen Umweltbelastungen währen der Aufarbeitungsphase und der erheblichen Temperaturentwicklung in der Endlagerung, deren Minimierung auf eine vertretbare Größe einen erheblichen Kostenaufwand verursacht.The reprocessing of spent fuel elements from nuclear reactors is still a problem that has not been fully solved. So far, it has been carried out in such a way that the fuel elements are first dissolved in hot nitric acid, which, after isolation and separation of the otherwise reusable uranium and plutonium components, is first subjected to concentration and denitrification as well as predrying and calcining, whereupon the highly radioactive components concentrated in this way are a glass matrix and this in turn is melted into a lead pack, which is deposited in appropriate containers in a final storage facility. Both the reprocessing process itself, in particular its calcination stage, as well as the preparation for final storage and final storage itself, are known to cause considerable problems due to the possible environmental pollution during the reprocessing phase and the considerable temperature development in the final storage, the minimization of which to a reasonable size causes considerable expense.

Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer anderwei-The aim of the present invention is to create another

OMPI tigen Verwendung der ausgebrannten Brennelemente und die Erfindu besteht darin, daß die in den Abfall-Lösungen aus Kernbrennstoff Aufbereitungsanlagen enthaltenen hochradioaktiven Bestandteile, insbesondere Caesium 137 und Rubidium 106 zur Hygienisierung von Klärschlamm und/oder Rückgewinnung des Restwärmepotentials zur G winnung von Niedrigtemperaturwärme herangezogen wird.OMPI term use of the spent fuel and the inventions is that the highly radioactive components contained in the waste solutions from nuclear fuel processing plants, in particular cesium 137 and rubidium 106, are used to sanitize sewage sludge and / or recover the residual heat potential to generate low-temperature heat.

Auf diese Weise werden die als Problem-Abfälle angesehenen Abfal Materialien aus Kernreaktoren einer außerordentlich nutzbringend Verwendung zugeführt, und zwar bei der Hygienisierung von Klär¬ schlamm unter Ausnutzung der Gammastrahlung und bei der Restener gieverwertung zur Gewinnung von Niedertemperaturwärme etwa für d Brauchwassergewinnung von Haushalten.In this way, the waste materials from nuclear reactors, which are regarded as problematic waste, are put to extremely useful use, namely in the sanitization of sewage sludge using gamma radiation and in residual energy utilization to obtain low-temperature heat, for example for domestic water production.

Es ist bekannt, daß Klärschlämme in großem Umfang wertvolle Pfla zen-Nährstoffe, wie beispielsweise Stickstoff-, Phosphorverbindu gen, organische Substanzen und Spurenelemente enthalten, deren Einsatz in der Landwirtschaft bisher daran scheitert, daß sie in ihrer überwiegenden Zahl große Mengen an Krankheitserregern ent- halten. Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß die Klärschlämme auch nach einer Kompostierung unter Sauerstoffzuführung in großem Um¬ fang Sal onellen, Enterokokken und Enterobakteriazeen, sowie darüberhinaus in großem Umfang Tierparasiten enthält, die den Einsatz der Klärschl mme als Düngemittel auch nach Einschaltung einer Kompostierungsstufe unmöglich mach. In diesem Bereich könn die hochradioaktiven Abfallmaterialieπ aus Kernreaktoren mit gro Nutzen eingesetzt werden, durch deren Gamma-Strahlung eine voll-It is known that sewage sludges contain valuable plant nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus compounds, organic substances and trace elements, whose use in agriculture has so far failed due to the fact that they predominantly remove large quantities of pathogens. hold. Studies have shown that the sewage sludge contains salons, enterococci and enterobacteriaces to a large extent even after composting with the addition of oxygen, as well as to a large extent animal parasites which make it impossible to use the sewage sludge as fertilizer even after switching on a composting stage. In this area, the highly radioactive waste materials from nuclear reactors can be used with great benefit, through whose gamma radiation a fully

OMPI ständige Zerstörung der bakteriellen Krankheitserreger und tier schen Parasiten ohne Schädigung der als Düngemittel wertvoll Pflanzεnnährstoffe erreicht wird. Eine Kontaminierung der be¬ strahlten Klärschlämme tritt nicht ein. Es hat sich vielmehr ge- zeigt, daß durch die Bestrahlung der Klärschlämme in der angege benen Weise die Keimfähigkeit von Unkrautsamen im Klärschlamm ze stört und die Entwässerungsfähigkeit des Schlammes wesentlich ve bessert wird, so daß die Entwässerung des Schlammes auch ohne Zentrifugieren oder Pressen bzw. Einsatz von Flockungsmitteln be schleunigt wird. Der in der erfindungsgemäßen Weise behandelteOMPI Constant destruction of bacterial pathogens and animal parasites without damaging the plant nutrients that are valuable as fertilizers. Contamination of the irradiated sewage sludge does not occur. Rather, it has been shown that the irradiation of the sewage sludge in the specified manner disrupts the germination capacity of weed seeds in the sewage sludge and that the drainage capacity of the sludge is substantially improved, so that the dewatering of the sludge also without centrifuging or pressing or Use of flocculants is accelerated. The one treated in the manner according to the invention

Schlamm bleibt wasserdurchlässig, so daß sich bei" Einsatz als Dü gemittel auf dem Ackerboden keine undurchlässige Kruste bildet. Die erfindungsgemäße ' Verfahrensweise ist umweltfreundlich, ver¬ braucht keinen Sauerstoff, entwickelt keine Gase und setzt keine organischen Stickstoff erbindungen frei, so daß auch die bei an¬ derweitigen Aufbereitungsverfahren bekannte Geruchsbelästigung nicht zu befürchten ist. Der Einsatz ist außerordentlich wirtsch lich, die Isolierung und Einschmelzung in Glasmatrix erfolgt ohn Zusatzkosten im Rahmen des erforderlichen Aufbereitungsverfahren wobei infolge der Nutzbarmachung für den angegebenen Zweck die Endlagerkosten entfallen.Sludge remains permeable to water, so that when used as a fertilizer no impermeable crust forms on the field soil. The procedure according to the invention is environmentally friendly, does not consume oxygen, does not develop any gases and does not release any organic nitrogen compounds, so that the The use is extremely economical, the isolation and melting in a glass matrix takes place without additional costs within the scope of the required treatment process, whereby the disposal costs are eliminated due to the utilization for the stated purpose.

Unter denselben Kostengesichtspunkteπ ergibt sich ebenfalls ein nutzbringender Einsatz der hochaktiven Abfallmaterialien bei der Gewinnung von Niedertemperaturwärme, die mit Erfolg bei der Brau wassergewinnung im Haushaltsbereich und in der Landwirtschaft, be spielsweise zur Bodenerwärmung eingesetzt werden kann. Geht manFrom the same cost point of view, there is also a useful use of the highly active waste materials in the production of low-temperature heat, which can be used successfully for brewing water in the household and in agriculture, for example for heating the soil. You go

OM7I - von einem Anfall von jährlich 1 560 mm Abfallmaterialien aus, was einem Anfall von ca 1000 m verglasten Pellets entspricht, ergäbe sich bei einer energetischen Strahlung von ca. 20 150 kcal/mm 3 eine nutzbare Energie von etwa 176,5 x 109 kcal/Jahr, die sich infolge der aufgrund der Halbwertzeit 30-jährigen Nutz dauer bis zum Jah 2 000 auf einen Energieanteil von etwa 10?ό de zu dieser Zeit voraussichtlich in der Bundesrepublik benötigten Energie addiert. Hierbei kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß aus dem Pelletsilo Wasser mit einer Temperatur von 70 bis 80 C an fällt, das entweder unmittelbar über den Sekundarkreis als Brau wasser für die Raumbeheizung verwendet oder durch Wärmepumpen-A gen auf das für anderweitige Benutzung erforderliche Temperatur veau gebracht wird.OM7I - from an accumulation of 1,560 mm of waste material annually, which corresponds to an accumulation of approx. 1000 m of glazed pellets, this would result in usable energy of approximately 176.5 x 109 kcal / year with energetic radiation of approx. 20 150 kcal / mm 3 which, due to the 30-year useful life due to the half-life up to the year 2000, adds up to around 10? 10 de of the energy that is likely to be required in the Federal Republic at that time. It can be assumed that water from the pellet silo falls at a temperature of 70 to 80 C, which is either used directly via the secondary circuit as brewing water for space heating or brought to the temperature required for other uses by heat pump A gene becomes.

Nachstehend sind zwei Beispiele einer erfindungsgemäßen Verwen- düng von aus Abfall-Lösungen aus Kernbrennstoffen rückgewonnene hochradioaktiven Materialien anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung b schrieben. Es zeigenTwo examples of the use according to the invention of highly radioactive materials recovered from waste solutions from nuclear fuels are described below with the aid of the attached drawing b. Show it

Fig.l. eine schematische Darstellung einer Standarteinricht zur Hygienisierung von KlärschlammFig.l. is a schematic representation of a standard facility for sanitizing sewage sludge

Fig.2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Pεlletsilos zur Rückgewinnung von Restwärmeenergie2 shows a schematic representation of a pile silo for the recovery of residual thermal energy

In Fig. 1 der Zeichnung ist mit 3 ein strahluπgssicher ummantel ter Behälter bezeichnet, der zweckmäßig zur Erhöhung der Sicher heit im Erdreich verlegt ist. In dem Behälter 3 ist ein doppelw diges Innengefäß 2 als Träger für die Glasmatrix 1 vorgesehen e derart, daß in dem einen Ringraum bildenden Doppelwandgefäß Glasperlen in loser Schütte aufgeschüttet sind. Der Innenraum des Innengefäßes 2 und das Außengefäß 3a sind jeweils an ihren unteren Enden über eine nach außerhalb geführte Rohrleitung 6 miteinander verbunden, in der eine Umwälzpumpe 5 eingegliedert ist. Die Umwälzpumpe dient gleichzeitig zum Abziehen des Klär¬ schlammes aus dem Behälter nach der Behandlung. Eine Zuleitung dient der Einspeisung des Klärschlammes in den Behälter, eine w tere Leitung 8 als Entlüftungsleitung. Der Behälter ist mit ein strahlungssicheren Abschirmung 4 nach oben verschlossen.In Fig. 1 of the drawing, 3 denotes a radiation-proof sheathed container, which is expediently laid to increase safety in the ground. In the container 3, a double-walled inner vessel 2 is provided as a support for the glass matrix 1 such that in the double-walled vessel forming an annular space Glass beads are piled up in a loose chute. The interior of the inner vessel 2 and the outer vessel 3a are each connected at their lower ends via a pipeline 6 which leads to the outside and in which a circulation pump 5 is incorporated. The circulation pump also serves to remove the sewage sludge from the container after the treatment. A feed line is used to feed the sewage sludge into the tank, a further line 8 serves as a ventilation line. The container is closed with a radiation-proof shield 4 upwards.

Zur Behandlung wird der Klärschlamm über die Leitung 7 in den Behälter 3 bis zu dessen vollständiger Füllung eingebracht und derart von der Pumpe 5 in dem Behälter umgewälzt, daß der außer¬ halb des Innengefäßes 2 befindliche Schlamm abgezogen und von de Pumpe 5 über die Leitung 6 in den von dem Innengefäß umschlosse¬ nen Raum gepumpt wird. Er steigt unter dem Druck des nachdrängen den Klärschlammen in dem Gefäß 2 auf und tritt über die Oberkant in den außerhalb des Innengefäßes 2 gelegenen Raum über, in dem . er wiederum nach untenabströmt. Der Klärschlamm wird auf diese Weise auf seinem gesamten Umlaufweg in dem Behälter intensiv be¬ strahlt und in der angegebenen Weise hygienisiert. Nach vollstän diger Hygienisierung wird der Klärschlamm von der Pumpe 5 aus be den Behälterteilen über die nach außen - in der Zeichnung nach rechts - geführte Leitung vollständig abgezogen.For treatment, the sewage sludge is introduced via line 7 into container 3 until it is completely filled and circulated in the container by pump 5 such that the sludge located outside the inner vessel 2 is drawn off and from pump 5 via line 6 is pumped into the space enclosed by the inner vessel. It rises under the pressure of repressing the sewage sludge in the vessel 2 and passes over the upper edge into the room located outside the inner vessel 2, in which. it in turn flows downwards. In this way, the sewage sludge is intensively irradiated over its entire circulation path in the container and is hygienized in the manner specified. After complete sanitation, the sewage sludge is completely drawn off by the pump 5 from the tank parts via the line leading to the outside - to the right in the drawing.

Der in Fig. 2 wiedergegebene Wärmerückgewinnungs-Pelletsilo be¬ steht ebenfalls aus einem mit einer Abschirmung versehenen Behäl ter 10, in dem in loser Schütte die das radioaktive Material entThe heat recovery pellet silo shown in FIG. 2 also consists of a shielded container 10, in which the radioactive material is entrained in bulk

f OMPI haltenden Pellets oder Glasperlen 11 aufgeschüttet sind. Einra¬ gend in den Behälter 10 sind Wärmekammerπ 12 ausgebildet, in de nen Umlaufleitungen für ein Wärmeträgermedium geführt sind, übe die sich die im Silo entwickelnde Wärme abgeführt wird.f OMPI holding pellets or glass beads 11 are heaped up. Protruding into the container 10, heat chambers 12 are formed in which circulation lines for a heat transfer medium are guided, through which the heat developing in the silo is dissipated.

Am Kopf des Behälters 10 ist ein Thermostatventil 13 vorgesehen, das bei einer sich gegebenenfalls bei ungenügender Wärmeabführuπ über die Umlaufleitungen oder Ausfall der Anlage ergebenden Übe At the head of the container 10 there is a thermostatic valve 13 which, in the event of insufficient heat dissipation via the circulation lines or failure of the system, can result in exercises

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims 1. Verwendung der in den Abfall-Lösungen aus Brennelementen Aufarbeitungs-Anlagen enthaltenen hochradioaktiven Bestandteile insbesondere Caesium 137 und Rubidium 106 zur Hygienisierung vo Klärschlamm und/oder Gewinnung von Niedertemperatur-Wärme für d Brauch asserbereitung.1. Use of the highly radioactive constituents contained in the waste solutions from fuel element processing plants, in particular cesium 137 and rubidium 106, for the hygienization of sewage sludge and / or production of low-temperature heat for the preparation of water. 2. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die hochradioaktiven Bestandteile aus der Abfall-Lösung durch De nitrierung mit Paraformaldehyd in Abwesenheit von Kaliumhydrogεn sulfat oder mit Oxalsäure denitriert und anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise pelletisiert oder in einer Glasmatrix zu Glasper len verschmolzen werden, worauf die Pellets bzw. Glasperlen in l ser Schütte in einer Standarteinrichtung unter Nutzung ihrer Gam mastrahlung zur Hygienisierung von Klärschlamm oder unter Nutzun der Reststrahlung zur Gewinnung von Niedertemperaturwärme einge¬ setzt werden.2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the highly radioactive components from the waste solution by de-nitration with paraformaldehyde in the absence of Kaliumshydrogεn sulfate or with oxalic acid and then pelletized in a known manner or fused in a glass matrix to Glasper len , whereupon the pellets or glass beads are placed in a chute in a standard facility using their gamma radiation to sanitize sewage sludge or using the residual radiation to obtain low-temperature heat. 3. Pelletsilo zur Verwendung der hochradioakti en Bestandtei le aus Abfall-Lösungen von Kernbrennstoff- Aufbereitungsanlagen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einεm strahlungssichεr ummantelten Behälter (3) ein doppelwandiges Inn gefäß (2) als Träger für die Glasmatrix (1), beispielsweise von3. pellet silo for using the highly radioactive constituents from waste solutions of nuclear fuel processing plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a radiation-jacketed container (3) a double-walled inner vessel (2) as a carrier for the glass matrix (1 ), for example from OMfI loser Schütte aufgeschütteten Pellets oder Glasperlen, angeordne ist, wobei das Innengefäß (2) mit dem Behälter (3) über eine nac außerhalb geführte Rohrleitung (6) miteinander verbunden sind, i der eine Umwälzpumpe (5) eingegliedert ist. OMfI loose chute, pellets or glass beads, is arranged, the inner vessel (2) being connected to the container (3) via a pipe (6) led outside, to which a circulation pump (5) is integrated. 4. Pelletsilo zur Verwendung der hochradioaktiven Bestandtei aus Abfall-Lösungen von Kernbrennstoff-Aufbereitungsanlagen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem strahlun sicher ummantelten Behälter (9, 10) die das radioaktive Material enthaltenden Pellets bzw. Glasperlen (2) in loser Schütte aufge¬ schüttet und in dem Behälter (10) Wärmekammerπ (12) ausgebildet sind, "in denen Umlaufleitungen für ein der Abführung der sich im Behälter entwickelnden Wärme dienendes Wärmeträgermedium geführt sind.4. pellet silo for using the highly radioactive constituent from waste solutions of nuclear fuel processing plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a radiation-proof jacketed container (9, 10) containing the radioactive material pellets or glass beads (2) in loose chute filled up and in the container (10) heat chambers (12) are formed, " in which circulation lines for a heat transfer medium serving to dissipate the heat developing in the container are guided. 5. Pelletsilo nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Kopf des Behälters ein Thermostatventil 13 vorgesehen ist, da bei einer sich bei ungenügender Wärmeabführung über die Umlaufle tungen, ergebenden Überhitzung öffnet und über Bodenöffnungen (14 eine Luftspüluπg zur Abführung der Überschußwärme in Gang setzt. 5. Pellet silo according to claim 4, characterized in that a thermostatic valve 13 is provided at the head of the container, because if there is insufficient heat dissipation via the Umlaufle lines, resulting overheating opens and via floor openings (14) an air purge for dissipating the excess heat starts .
PCT/EP1983/000169 1982-07-06 1983-07-04 Utilization of highly radioactive components of used dissolved fuel elements Ceased WO1984000441A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823225200 DE3225200A1 (en) 1982-07-06 1982-07-06 USE OF THE HIGH-RADIOACTIVE COMPONENTS CONTAINED IN THE WASTE SOLUTIONS FROM FUEL ELEMENT RECONSTRUCTION PLANTS

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984000441A1 true WO1984000441A1 (en) 1984-02-02

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EP (1) EP0112876A1 (en)
DE (1) DE3225200A1 (en)
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RU2152650C1 (en) * 1998-10-13 2000-07-10 Московское государственное предприятие Объединенный эколого-технологический и научно-исследовательский центр по обезвреживанию РАО и охране окружающей среды "Радон" Method for decontaminating ground polluted with cesium radionuclides

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