Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
  • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
  • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
  • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
  • E02F3/348—Buckets emptying into a collecting or conveying device
  • E02F3/3486—Buckets discharging overhead into a container mounted on the machine
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
  • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
  • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
  • E02F3/36—Component parts
  • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
  • E02F3/401—Buckets or forks comprising, for example, shock absorbers, supports or load striking scrapers to prevent overload
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
  • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
  • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
  • E02F3/36—Component parts
  • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
  • E02F3/402—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors
  • E02F3/404—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with means for facilitating the loading thereof, e.g. conveyors comprising two parts movable relative to each other, e.g. for gripping
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
  • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
  • E02F3/64—Buckets cars, i.e. having scraper bowls
  • E02F3/6409—Self-propelled scrapers
  • E02F3/6427—Self-propelled scrapers with elements of the scraper bowls being pivotable for dumping the soil

Definitions

• a Device in A Bucket-Provided Loading Machine Particularly A So-Called Wheel Loader refers to an improvement in a bucket-equipped loading machine, a so-called wheel loader, which has a loading bucket at one end of the machine, said bucket being supported for raising and lowering movements by a pair of lift arms which are journalled in the machine, the bucket furthermore being pivotally connected with the free ends of said arms and lockable in position relative thereto.
• the machine For loading the machine is namely driven with full power into the heap of bulk material to be loaded, after which the operator of the machine during progressive raising and backward .tilting of the bucket in jerks moves the machine into the heap in order to improve the filling volume of the bucket as far as possible. In mines where the environment is extremely straining the wear of the machine of course will be still worse.
• OMPI is a circumstantial procedure even if the loaded vehicle exhibits a more advantageous weight distribution in loaded condition.
• the main object of the present invention now is to suggest a further improvement of such a loading machine with a loading bucket which has another design in order to provide for greater load volumes than hitherto but simul ⁇ taneously a better weight distribution of the loaded vehicle than in prior structures having a separate load basket.
• the load bucket will have a greater effective volume and that the centre of gravity of the load in the bucket and the increased volume,inclusive, will be located in a very beneficial manner closely to the wheel axle adjacent the bucket. This provides for a very substantial improvement of the weight distribution of the loaded machine. Since the load bucket furthermore is resting on the lift arms during loading and transport the bucket and particularly the rear portion thereof can be made lighter, which also has a beneficial effect on the total economy of the machine.
• Fig. 1 is a diagrammatical side ele- vational view
• Fig. 2 a plan view from above of a loading machine with a bucket device according to the invention.
• Fig. 3 is a diagrammatical side elevational view of the front portion of said machine with various positions of lift arms, load bucket with rear portion thereof and hydraulic cylinders indicated with broken lines.
• Fig. 4 is a plan view from above of the front portion of the machine for better illustration of the load bucket and the rear portion thereof.
• Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the front portion of the machine according to the line A-A in Fig. 3
• Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the load bucket and its rear portion
• Fig. 7 is a partial side elevational view of the machine for illu ⁇ stration of the working motions of the load bucket.
• a loading machine of the wheel loader type comprising a wheel-supported chassis or a frame 1 having at least two wheel axles 2, 3, an engine 4 and a driver's compartment 5 and a load bucket 6.
• said bucket 6 is mounted at one end of the machine and at shortest possible distance longitudinally outside the wheels 7 of the adjacent wheel axle 2 and the bucket is supported for a raising and lowering motion by a pair of lift arms 8, journalled in the machine.
• the machine is provided with frame steering, i.e. the frame is arti ⁇ culated about a vertical axis at a location in the middle thereof and the articulation movement for the steering is controllable by means of suitable means not illustrated, particularly hydraulic cylinders, as known per se.
• the bucket 6 is mounted at the free ends of the lift arms 8 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal transverse axis 9 and the pivotal motion of the bucket is provided by means of suitable elements, particularly hydraulic cylinders 10.
• the lift arms 8 are pivotally journalled at pivots 11 in a portion of the machine, connected with the frame 1 thereof.
• the pivotal motion of the lift arms 8 about their pivots 11 is provided by means of suitable, known elements and particularly hydraulic cylinders 12, connected with the machine frame 1.
• the bucket 6 is made at least partly open at its side 13 facing the machine and connected to a rearbucket portion 14 which is located between the lift arms 8.
• Said bucket portion 13 extends in between the wheels 7 of the adjacent wheel axle 2 of the machine and preferably also in over said axle.
• Said rear bucket portion 14 is separately pivotably connected with the lift arms 8 on an axis 15 parallel to the pivotal axis 9 of the bucket 2 and is lockable in its position.
• the pivotal motion of the rear bucket portion 14 about the axis 15 is provided in a known manner by means of suitable elements, in the present case hydraulic cylinders 16 acting between the rear bucket portion 14 and the lift arms 8.
• the lift arms 8 are furthermore made curved downwardly-forwardly from the pivots 11 in the machine and towards the pivot axis 9 of the bucket 6.
• the rear portion 14 of the bucket 6 extends laterally over the lift arms 8 and are there provided with a curved shape corresponding to the curvature of the lift arms at the lower and rear portion of the side walls of said rear bucket portion 14. Owing thereto, said bucket portion will rest against the upper surfaces of the lift arms 8 during loading and haulage. In its turn this implies that said rear bucket portion 14 will be stiffend such that it can be made of cheaper and thinner material and hence lighter, which acts beneficially on the total economy of the machine (see Figs. 4 and 6) .
• the bucket 6 and the rear bucket portion 14 are individually pivotable to and from each other on the pivot axis 9 and 13, respectively, which for the rest might coincide with advantage.
• a wedge-like opening between the rear wall 13 of the bucket and the leading side edge of the rear portion 14 and for preventing bulk material to fall out through said opening a baffel wall 18 shaped as a sector of a circle extends from the inner edge of each rear wall portion 13 of the bucket 6.
• the bucket 6 is pivoted downwardly from its position illu ⁇ strated by full lines in said Figure relative the bucket portion 14, which is provided by means of the hydraulic cylinders 10, which are arranged along the upper edge of the rear bucket portion 14 and act between said bucket portion and the upper edge of the rear wall 13 of the bucket 6.
• said tipping or unloading position illustrated with broken lines how advantageously the pivotal mounting of the combined bucket is designed according to the invention, namely such that said mounting is located closely adjacent to the middle of the length of the combined bucket 6, 14 and hence closely to the centre of gravity of the load therein. Owing thereto, only relatively small tipping forces are required from the tipping cylinders 16 for providing the tipping motion.
• the height requirement will be limited and at the same time the front wall of the bucket 6 still will be sufficiently raised for allowing tipping over the upper edge of the wall of a load platform on a truck.
• the uppermost loca ⁇ tion of the rear wall of the rear bucket portion 14 will not be located at a higher distance from the ground than what has been common in conventional bucket structures.
• the rear bucket portion 14 can be made so deep that its bottom is located at a substantial distance below the wheel axle 2.
• the centre of gravity of the bulk material in the rear bucket portion 14 hence also will be located at a low level and at a relatively short distance above the wheel axle 2. This has a very advantageous influence upon the driving characteristics of the vehicle, parti ⁇ cularly as far as lateral forces and tyre wear caused thereby is concerned.
• Fig. 7 it has been diagrammatically illustrated in a side elevational view how the load bucket device according to the present invention is operating while the machine is working. Similar to conventional loading
• the present machine is intended when being loaded to be driven up to the heap of bulk material from which loading is to be carried out and with the bucket 6 be pushed into the heap with the bucket in its lower ⁇ most position as illustrated with broken lines in Fig. 7 of the drawings and as far as the wheel friction allows.
• the machine has conventionally driven rear wheels 3 but a suitable auxiliary drive, e.g. by a hydraulic motor at each front wheel 2.
• the main drive power source then is disengaged and the auxiliary drive activated with a suitable forward drive torque which prevents the machine from being moved rearwardly when the load bucket then is brought to carry out a forward- upward digging and loading motion with the lift arms 8 by means of the hydraulic cylinders 12.
• a decisive and unique advantage of the machine according to the present invention is that from the driver's compartment 5 with normal height above the ground the operator of the machine can look over the rear edge of the rear bucket portion 14 and down through the bucket 6 and forwardly beyond said leading edge.
• the upper portion 14a of the rear bucket portion 14 can be made perforated, i.e. in the form of a screen or extended metal such that the operator can see there ⁇ through. Owing to this it will be possible to the operator to operate the machine in a much more effective manner preperatory to loading but also during the very loading, which otherwise is quite impossible in conventional loading machines.
• the bucket device suggested according to the present invention implies an increase of about 50% of the load-carrying capability for a given machine size. In other words this implies that in a machine of the size initially mentioned and having a deadweight of about 32,5 metric tons, the machine can load about 21,5 metric tons in the combined bucket 6, 14, which implies that the machine can load about 66 percent of its deadweight. This is to be put in relation to the initially mentioned kind of machine which for more than 30 metric tons dead ⁇ weight can load 12 metric tons in the bucket, i.e. about 40 percent of its deadweight.
• the load distribution in the machine according to the invention also will be essentially different from the conventional type of machine.
• ⁇ Z ⁇ ro ⁇ ' type has a weight distribution of 70 percent on the front axle and 30 percent on the rear axle when fully loaded.
• the more uniform full load distribution according to the invention is extremely advantageous and has a strong reducing influence on the wear of the machine.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
• Shovels (AREA)
• Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
• Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
• Harvester Elements (AREA)
• Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20345110

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1981
  • 1981-11-24 SE SE8106990A patent/SE428816B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1982
  • 1982-11-23 JP JP82503473A patent/JPS58502009A/ja active Pending
  • 1982-11-23 DE DE3249219T patent/DE3249219C2/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-11-23 US US06/527,647 patent/US4518306A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1982-11-23 WO PCT/SE1982/000394 patent/WO1983001973A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1982-11-23 AU AU91281/82A patent/AU551782B2/en not_active Ceased
• 1983
  • 1983-07-20 NO NO832649A patent/NO150925C/no unknown
  • 1983-07-22 FI FI832666A patent/FI70959C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (5)

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