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WO1982003284A1 - Systeme de commande de combustion - Google Patents

Systeme de commande de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982003284A1
WO1982003284A1 PCT/US1981/000367 US8100367W WO8203284A1 WO 1982003284 A1 WO1982003284 A1 WO 1982003284A1 US 8100367 W US8100367 W US 8100367W WO 8203284 A1 WO8203284 A1 WO 8203284A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
responsive
fluid
combustion
adapting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1981/000367
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Co Inc G C Broach
George C Broach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP19810901750 priority Critical patent/EP0073762A4/fr
Priority to AU73216/81A priority patent/AU7321681A/en
Priority to JP50214781A priority patent/JPS58501192A/ja
Priority to BR8108991A priority patent/BR8108991A/pt
Priority to PCT/US1981/000367 priority patent/WO1982003284A1/fr
Publication of WO1982003284A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982003284A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/10—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water and with air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/02—Measuring filling height in burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves

Definitions

  • This invention relates broadly to furnaces, boilers, incinerators, and like equipment wherein fuel is burned. More particularly, this invention relates to combustion equipment which regulates the flow of combustion air and fuel in response to a signal generated from a condition of a process. Still more particularly, this invention relates to combustion equipment which will provide a fuel-lean mixture of combustion components as process conditions modify the demand for process heating.
  • the efficient control of combustion relates to the efficient control of the fuel and combustion oxidant, usually air. Efficient control of combustion is essential in the power industry, chemical industry, and various other process industries.
  • the amount of heat furnished by the combustion process depends upon the amount of heat needed by the operation requiring the heat, whether for the generation of power, or for the chemical process, or for an oil refinery process. In addition, the amount of heat needed will continually vary, thus requiring continual control of the combustion.
  • the relative efficiency of the combustion process may be accomplished by the use of elaborate control systems, such as computers, various kinds of automatic valves, and electronic controls.
  • the primary object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for controlling combustion in a process which is efficient, easy to operate, and economical.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for controlling combustion in a process which will require only a minimum number of control components in order to regulate the combustion effectively.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus which can be easily adjusted to regulate a combustion temperature.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for controlling combustion in a process heater in which a combustion temperature may be easily maintained.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for maintaining close control of the energy consumption in a process heater.
  • This invention describes a greatly simplified and efficient method and apparatus for combustion control by eliminating many sophisticated and highly technical controlling devices commonly shown in other combustion control systems.
  • this invention reduces the number of control devices which the operator must understand and closely observe. Consequently, the risk of accident caused by inattention of the operator is greatly reduced.
  • this invention provides for a more efficient combustion control system by assuring a fuel-lean combustion during a change in combustion requirements.
  • the method and apparatus of this invention include generating a signal from a condition of a process stream and adapting that signal to actuate various fuel and combustion oxidant control components.
  • the type of signal generated includes a fluid pressure signal, and is usually a pneumatic signal.
  • the condition of the process stream from which the signal is generated is preferably a temperature of the process, or the pressure of a boiler.
  • a temperature-responsive device measures a temperature of the process and emits a fluid-pressure signal which may be either an increasing pressure signal or a decreasing pressure signal.
  • the signal is communicated in parallel to a signal-restrictive member, such as a needle valve; to a first signal-responsive device, such as a first fluid-responsive relay; and to a second signal-responsive device, such as a second fluid-responsive relay.
  • the first fluid-responsive device is adapted to respond to a signal of a first characterization
  • the second fluid-responsive device is adapted to respond to a signal of a second characterization.
  • the signal-restrictive member is further adaptable to communicate a signal to a signal-collecting device, such as a volume tank, and the signal-collecting device is adaptable to provide a signal of a first characterization and a signal of a second characterization.
  • the signalcollecting device is adaptable to communicate in parallel with the first signal-responsive device and with the second signal-responsive device.
  • the first signal-responsive device is further adaptable to communicate with an air control device which is adaptable to control a flow of combustion air in response to a signal from the first signal-responsive device.
  • the second signal-responsive device is further adaptable to communicate with a fuel control device which is adaptable to control a flow of fuel in response to a signal from the second signal-responsive device.
  • the invention teaches a method and apparatus for controlling combustion in which fuel-lean combustion is provided during an interval in which the firing rate is changed. For example, when the process system demands more heat, the flow of combustion air is increased prior to an increase in the flow of fuel, thereby maintaining a fuel-lean mixture during the interval of change. Or, when the process system requires the heat to be reduced, the flow of fuel is decreased prior to a decrease in the flow of combustion air, thereby maintaining a fuel-lean mixture during this interval of change.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic drawing of a typical process heating system.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic drawing of a combustion control system according to this invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a schematic drawing of a combustion control system according to this invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic drawing of a combustion control system according to this invention in one particular mode of operating condition.
  • FIGURE 5 is a schematic drawing of a combustion control system according to this invention in a second particular mode of operating condition.
  • FIGURE 1 describes a typical combustion and heating system for a conventional process industry, which, in its basic arrangement, comprises a furnace or heater 10, generally, having a process inlet stream 12 entering therein, a typical heating coil 14, a process outlet stream 16, and a burner 18 fired by a fuel line 20 and air supplied as through opening 22.
  • a furnace or heater 10 generally, having a process inlet stream 12 entering therein, a typical heating coil 14, a process outlet stream 16, and a burner 18 fired by a fuel line 20 and air supplied as through opening 22.
  • FIGURE 2 describes, diagrammatically, for added simplicity, one manner in which my invention may be utilized in any type of equipment involving combustion of a fuel and an oxidant.
  • line 24 provides communication between process outlet stream 16 and a temperature controller 26.
  • Temperature controller 26 may be- one of an conventional devices for measuring .temperature and providing a signal to other equipment in response to that temperature.
  • temperature controller 26 measures a temperature of the process stream and provides a fluid-pressure signal through lines 28, 30, 32, and 34, in parallel to a first fluid-responsive relay 36, a needle valve 38, and a second fluid-responsive relay 40.
  • First fluid-responsive relay 36 responds to an increasing pressure signal in lines 28 and 30 and transmits a signal through line 42 to an air flow control device 44, which, in this embodiment of my invention, furtherCommunicates a signal, through line 45, to a conventional pneumatic device 46, generally, which operates, through connection 48, louvers 50, positioned in air duct 52, to regulate the amount of combustion air.
  • Second fluid-responsive relay 40 responds to a decreasing pressure signal in lines 28 and 34 and transmits a signal through line 54 to a fuel control device 56, generally, which further transmits a signal through line 57 to fuel control valve 58, generally, which operates to control the amount of fuel transmitted to burner 18.
  • Needle valve 38 is preferably an adjustable valve, and is subject to the pressure condition, or change in pressure, in lines 28 and 32. Then, needle valve 38 may be adjusted to transmit, at a reduced rate, the pressure condition in line 32 to volume tank 60 through line 62. Thus, an increasing pressure level in volume tank 60 is delayed for a period of time dependent upon the degree of restriction provided by the adjustment of needle valve 38. Also, when there is a decreasing pressure signal in line 28, a decrease in the pressure level in volume tank 60 is delayed for a period of time dependent upon the degree of restriction in needle valve 38.
  • Volume tank 60 communicates in parallel with first fluid-responsive relay 36 and second fluid-responsive relay 40 through lines 62, 64, and 66.
  • air flow control device 44 and fuel control device 56 are automatic/manual control devices which may be set at a particular point to respond to particular signals presented to them through lines 42 or 57 in order to control the flow of air and fuel.
  • One example of such a control would be Foxboro Model 135S.
  • FIGURE 4 describes a path of increasing pressure transmission 68 which originates from the signal generated by temperature controller 26. This path is to show the cooperation of the various controls and does not suggest that the type of signal and strength of signal are the same at all points along that path.
  • FIGURE 5 describes a path of decreasing pressure transmission 70 which also originates from a signal generated by temperature controller 26.
  • temperature controller 26 is set at a chosen temperature so that it may emit a signal of increasing pressure when the temperature measured is below the set point, and so that it may emit a signal of decreasing pressure when the temperature measured is above the set point.
  • the pressure magnitude remains constant.
  • temperature controller 26 When the temperature of the process stream 16 falls below the set point of temperature controller 26, temperature controller 26 emits a signal of increasing pressure which follows the path 68 shown in FIGURE 4. This signal of increasing pressure is immediately transmitted through first fluid-responsive relay 36 to operate pneumatic device 46 to cause the flow of combustion air to increase promptly, before the flow of fuel is increased.
  • This signal of increasing fluid pressure is simulta neously transmitted through needle valve 38 and into and through volume tank 60, where, because of the restriction caused by needle valve 38, the pressure builds up gradually, and finally is relayed to the high pressure side of second fluid-responsive relay 40 to actuate relay 40 and be transmitted through relay 40 to actuate fuel control device 56.
  • the signal of increasing pressure actuates fuel control device 56 to open, or further open, fuel control valve 58 and increase the flow of fuel to burner 18.
  • temperature controller 26 If the temperature indicated by temperature controller 26 is above its set point, then temperature controller 26 emits a signal of decreasing pressure which follows the path 70 shown in FIGURE 5.
  • This signal of decreasing fluid pressure is transmitted simultaneously through the low pressure side of fluid- responsive relay 40 and fuel control device 56 as well as though needle valve 38, through volume tank 60, and the low pressure side of first fluid-responsive relay 36.
  • the signal of decreasing pressure actuates fuel control device 56 immediately which acts to close fuel control valve 58 to some degree to reduce the flow of fuel to burner 18 before the flow of air to burner 18 is decreased.
  • the signal of decreasing pressure is transmitted through needle valve 38 to volume tank 60, but only gradually reduces the fluid pressure in volume tank 60 so that the signal of decreasing pressure presented to first fluid-responsive relay 36 lags behind the time of the full signal presented to second fluid-responsive relay 40.
  • the arrangement of the needle valve and volume tank causes a delay in the response of either the first or second fluid-responsive relay so that a fuel-lean mixture is maintained during any change in the operating conditions of the process. It is readily seen, however, that opposite responsiveness of the temperature control and fuel and air control devices could be utilized and the same effectiveness of a fuel-lean mixture still maintained, the important responsiveness being a delay in the transmitting of the fuel control signals.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

Procede et appareil de commande de la combustion dans un dispositif de chauffage (10) utilise dans les differentes etapes d'un processus et permettant la commande efficace de la combustion avec un minimum de composants. L'appareil comprend un dispositif (26) produisant un signal qui est fonction d'une condition dans un processus, tel que la temperature, ou la pression dans le cas d'une chaudiere. Le signal qui peut etre un signal de pression est presente en parallele a un pointeau (38), a un premier relais sensible au fluide (36) et a un deuxieme relais sensible au fluide (40). Un reservoir de volume (60) est relie en serie au pointeau (38) et en parallele au premier relais (36) et au deuxieme relais (46). Le premier relais (36) communique avec un organe servant a commander l'ecoulement de l'air de combustion (46). Le deuxieme relais (40) communique avec un organe permettant de commander l'ecoulement du combustible (58). Lorsque le signal de la condition du processus se trouve en dessous du point auquel est regle un dispositif de commande (26), ce signal est un signal de pression croissante. Lorsque le signal de la combustion du processus se trouve au-dessus du point auquel le dispositif de commande (26) est regle, ce signal est un signal de pression decroissante. Le premier relais (36) est sensible au plus eleve des deux signaux qui lui sont appliques, et le deuxieme relais (40) est sensible au plus faible des deux signaux qui lui sont appliques. Tant dans le cas d'un signal de pression croissante que dans le cas d'un signal de pression decroissante, l'agencement du pointeau (38) et du reservoir de volume (60) provoque un retard dans la reponse soit du premier (36) soit du deuxieme relais (40) de maniere qu'un melange pauvre en combustible est maintenu pendant tout changement dans les conditions de fonctionnement du processus. Il est evident toutefois que des reponses opposees des dispositifs de commande de la condition du processus et des dispositifs de commande du combustible (58) et de l'air (46) pourraient
PCT/US1981/000367 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Systeme de commande de combustion Ceased WO1982003284A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19810901750 EP0073762A4 (fr) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Systeme de commande de combustion.
AU73216/81A AU7321681A (en) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Combustion control system
JP50214781A JPS58501192A (ja) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 燃焼制御システム
BR8108991A BR8108991A (pt) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Sistema de controle de combustao
PCT/US1981/000367 WO1982003284A1 (fr) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Systeme de commande de combustion

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOUS81/00367810317 1981-03-17
PCT/US1981/000367 WO1982003284A1 (fr) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Systeme de commande de combustion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1982003284A1 true WO1982003284A1 (fr) 1982-09-30

Family

ID=22161151

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1981/000367 Ceased WO1982003284A1 (fr) 1981-03-17 1981-03-17 Systeme de commande de combustion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0073762A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58501192A (fr)
AU (1) AU7321681A (fr)
BR (1) BR8108991A (fr)
WO (1) WO1982003284A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2163510A (en) * 1939-06-20 Temperature regulating means for
US2193845A (en) * 1940-03-19 stevenson
US2866602A (en) * 1954-12-08 1958-12-30 Surface Combustion Corp Apparatus for burning fuel having a widely varying calorific value
US2986645A (en) * 1956-12-06 1961-05-30 Combustion Eng Combustion control

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1288803A (fr) * 1961-02-13 1962-03-30 Bailey Controle Régulation de température de vapeur
DE2356367C2 (de) * 1973-11-12 1975-12-04 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Regelanordnung zur Luftmangelsicherung für Dampferzeuger
US4257759A (en) * 1979-03-15 1981-03-24 Honeywell Inc. Fuel burner primary control means
US4363440A (en) * 1979-05-21 1982-12-14 The G. C. Broach Company Combustion control system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2163510A (en) * 1939-06-20 Temperature regulating means for
US2193845A (en) * 1940-03-19 stevenson
US2866602A (en) * 1954-12-08 1958-12-30 Surface Combustion Corp Apparatus for burning fuel having a widely varying calorific value
US2986645A (en) * 1956-12-06 1961-05-30 Combustion Eng Combustion control

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0073762A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8108991A (pt) 1983-03-01
AU7321681A (en) 1982-10-06
JPS58501192A (ja) 1983-07-21
EP0073762A1 (fr) 1983-03-16
EP0073762A4 (fr) 1983-06-17

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