USRE3631E - Improved machine for forging nuts - Google Patents

Description

NPETERS. PNOYO-LITIIOGRAFNER. WASHINGTON D c ammasim @sind utililita encuen DUNHLAM, or' UNICNVILLE, CONNECTICUT, AssrG-Nnu, BY MusNe AssiGN:

MENTS, or EDWARD PAYE AND SAMUEL HALL.

:Letters .Patent No. 18,156, dated S'fqitondier 8, 1857, /reissue'Nd 5,631, dated September 7,1869.

f 'IMPROVED MACHINE FOR FORGING- NUTS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom iffmay concern:

`Be it known that IEDWARD PAYE and SAMUEL Hanny-both of the city, county, and Stateof New York, invented a new and useful Machine for Forging Nuts, by cutting, punching, and hammering, and that a second cutter or shear-edge, so as to sever a piece or blank from the bar of iron presented tothe machine.

Second, a punch to perforate saidblank, which punch, as in the mode of formi-ng nuts by hand, may be used as a mandrel, upon which the nut-blank is hammered.

Third, a die or snap-tool, against which the crowning face of the nut-blank is compressed.

Fourth,a vflatter, tooperate upon the fiat side of the nut-blank, and, in connect-ion with the die, tocompress or forge vthe nut-blank iiatwise.l

Fifth, a.transferring-instrlnnent, to move the nut- 'blank from the place where it is cutto the place where the hammers act upon its edges.

Sixth, edging-hanuners to forge the edges of the nutblank; these hammers move in radial lines toward and from the axial line of the nut-blank when placed between them, and a .suliicient number are used to forge all the edges of the' nut-blank without the neeessity 4of turning it, to place its edges. in succession opposite e'dgingfhammers.

In cutting a'blank from a bar of iron, the tendency of the cutters is. to cause a rounding ofthe face of the blank at that side of it which is moved foremost past the shearledge; onthe other hand, the tendency ofthe perinjating-punchis to indent or depress the side of the blank at which it enters. According to the vsaid invention, the above nstrumentalities are so combined and arranged that the faceof the blank which is.

moved foremost p ast the shear-edge is 'forced against the die or snap-tool, andbeoomes theerowning side of the completed blank, while the punch is caused to enter the blank at the saine side, so that the nut-blank, when completed, is perfectly iiat at its under side, by which is meant that side which is opposite to lthe crowning side. In the machine .devised lby saidlaye and Hall, the nut-blank is punched before it is hammered edgewise, and the punch is leftin the blank until the forging is completed, so that the punch operates as a stationary mandrel, to determine the form and1 size of ,the hole, although this is not essential to some of their combinations. The Hatter also is constructed with a the disk H is fitted.

shear-edge at one of its sides, so as to operate as the moving cutter, and is arranged so as to act as the transterrer, to move the'blank from the place where it is eut to the place where the'ha'lniners` act upon its1 edges.

ln order that the said invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe a vnut-machine embodying all of its parts:

Figure liof the accompanying drawings being a plan 0f said machine;

Figure 2 being a side viewof it;

Figure 1" being an end view of it;

Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, being views of detached parts of the machine, designated by the saine letters as the f same parts in the other ligures; and

' .Figures being a vert-ical longitudinal section of parts of the machine at theline a; x of tig. 1.

In the accompanying drawings-v A A is a rectangular frame' of cast-metal, with enlargement in the middle, as shown at B, and four projections, C C, for the boxes C C1, which support the shaft D, which is fitted to turn in them, and isprovided with a series of beltpulleys, D, to which abelt ma)r be applied to operatey themachine.

The shaft D also is provided with a iiy-wheel, D2, to equalize the motion of the machine. The stand E may be made in thefornl shown, Iand is bolted to the frame A, so that it is held'iirnily in itsplace. This stand is provided with a cylindrical stud, a c, in vtig. 8;. this s tud is perforated, to permit the perforating-pu'nch t0 work through it, and to its face is secured the die or snap-tool al which surrounds the punch L2, and against which the crowning face of the nutblank is compressed.

- Upon this stud the gear F fitted to turn freely and to carry with it the cam-collar F fastened to the gear F; the said gear lbeing turned by the pinion G, fastened to the shaft D, as shown in the drawings.

The'cam-Collar F' may be made in the form represented, and provided with a groove made in the forni shown by the dotted lines b b, iig.

There is a circular cavity in the collar F to which This disk H 'is fastened by the screws o c to the face of the stud a u, and is constructed with two grooves on each of its sides, crossing each other at right angles; the grooves'v in theI side next to the stud a a are occupied by four sliding hammers, c e, (one of which is, shown in iig.'6) which are provided with studs, d, iittcd to the cam- *roove l),Y

which cause the hammers c e to traverse in their grooves, the cam being so constructed as to force the two hammers which arc opposite to each other toward eachother at the same time, so that the nut is yhammered on the two opposite edges at the same time, by each set of hammers, inl alternate succession; and when the edgiug-liammels are carried against the nut an l by the groove b, the rollers g g, secured by thescrews 1th tothe cam-collar, strike the rear ends of the said hammers, which are rounded, and force their facesagainst the nut with a bl'ov.,7 like the blow of a hammer operated by hand, so as to condense the iron in the nut like hand-hammering.

The grooves in the front side 'of the'disk H are oc cupied by the adjustable guides 'i t fi, and .by the adjustable shear or cnt-ter 7t,.all of which are fitted to slide in the grooves, and are provided with pins fitted to' the cam-slots l linthe ring H', which is fastened to the disk H by the screws m m, whic h pass through circular slots in the ring`H, as shown in the drawing, so that by loosening the screws, the ring may be turned and the cutterk and guides may be adjliisted, and the screws may then be tightened so as to fasten the ring and hohl the cutter and guides as required.

rlhe pinion J is fastened to the shaft D, so as to turn the gear J just as fast as the gear F is turned by the pinion G, and the gear J is fastened itc the shaft K, which turns iu boites fastened to' the frai'n'e A, as shown in the drawing, vand earries'the cam-K', fastened to it, whichis madeiin the form shown in figs. 2 and 8.

The slide L is made in the form shown in the drawing, one end being fitted to slide lto and fro in the box L1, fastened to the frame A, and the other end beiug provided with aV socket vfor the shank of the perfbrating-puuch L2.

The body of this punch is fitted to traverse endwise in the stand E, and itsiend passes through a hole in the die a', so as to perfor-ate the nut-blank eut off by the operationl of the cutting-flatter I and cutter k, and pushes against the face of the die a by the continued movement of' said flatter.

The slide L is provided with allong slot in one direction for the cam K to move in.

This cam acts against ythe roller n in the slot, and

forces the punch Liv-forward, the punch and slide heilig drawn back by'the action of the interior of the rim of the cam K' upon the ends of the pins u,

n', as shown in the drawing, the slide L being' provided with slots o o, shown by dotted lilies iii tig. 2, to allow it to traverse while the shaft K revolves in the 'said slots. v

The pinion M is fastened to the shaft D, and turns thegear N, on the shaft N', just as fast as the other two pinions turn the other two gears.

This shaft N is fitted to turn in 'boxes fastened to the frame A, as shown in-the drawing, and has'v the cam 0 fastened to it, which cam is made in the form represented. in fig. 2, so as to ,operate the slide I2 and flatter I-twice, while' the perforating-punch L2 is operated once.

The slide 12 is made in the form shown in the drawing, and fitted toy traverse longitudinally .in the -boxes P P fastened to the frame A, as shown in the drawinggfit is constructe'din the same manner and provided with the same devices for operating it as Ahave alreadyvbeen described as belonging to the slide L.

I .The shank of the Hatter- 1 is fitted to the socket in the end ofthe slide 12.'

This atter I is constructed with square edges,

.one of which operates as the movable cutter or shear `acalfig. 8, through which the nut-blanksfnade fall 'out -of the machine when they are finished. I

yThe machine having been constructed and com'- pleted as abovev described, a bar of iron,v a little narrower than the width of the Hatter I, and of a proper thickness to form a nut-blank, is properly. heated, and the machine is set in motion.

The end ofthe bar' is placed' between theguides Vi1' t, and over the cutter k, whereupon vthe flatter I comes forward, and forcing said bar against thecutter It, cuts off 'a piece or blank to form a nut-blank, by the operation of the shear-edges of the flatter and cutter.

The continued forward movement of the Hatter mov es the blankpast the cutter on-to the'pnnch L,

and into the space between the edging-liannners.

The punch enters the blank' at the face4 which has been moved foremost past the cutter and perforates the blank.

Then the nut-blank is compressed by the flatter I, which, continuing to move forward, forces the blankV 'ag'fainst the face of' the die a ai', which determines the form of the crowning sideof the blank.

After this compression 'atwise, the datt-er is drawn back, and the nut-blank is hammered .edge-.wise by each pair of edgingfhammers successively, thenthe' flatter is forced forward again and compresses the nut a second time, after which it is hammered edge- `wise again by each pair of'l edging-hammers to coinplete it, then the punch L?, which has remained in the Anut while'it was being hammered and compressed, is withdrawn by the cam K', and" thel finished nntblank drops through the hole R, madefiu the disk for that purpose, andl falls out of the machine.

The heated bar may now be placeda second time between the guides 'i t, and another blank cut off and perforated and hammered to form another nutblank, as above described.

The pieces-punched out ofthe nut bythe punch L2, being forced into the Hatter I, dropout through the opening j. l

.If a hexagonal nut-blank is to be made, six hammers may be used, and the cam vshould be so constructed as to make each three hammers, which form a triangle, strike at once, so as to act toward each other upon the nut heilig forgerhand hammer it withouthaving atendency to bend the punch L?.

" If an octagonai nut is to vbe made, eight hammers may be used, and the cam which operates them may be made so as to operate four alternate hammers at once, or only ytwo hammers, which .are opposite to each other, as may be preferred.

'In the above machine, 4the punch enters the face of the blank which'is moved foremost past the shear# edge of the critter k.) Hence the punch enters at the rounding or crowning face of' the blank, vand consequently the under face of the blank, which is in contact with the flatter, is left vflat and without either rounded corners or an indented centre. f

Thenutsvniade bythe invention above described are of a uniform size and thickness, and far superior to those made by hand.

Having thus described the construction. and opera tion ofthe said machine, so as to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention,

What is claimed as the invention of said PAYE and HALL; is-

1.' The combination and arrangement vof the cutf ters, perforatiug-punch, and edging-hammers, so that the punch enters the nut-blank at'the crowning face thereof, and that the nut is hammered edgewise, substantially as'before set forth.

2. The combination of the adjustable cutter, trans'- f fer-ring instrument, and edging-hammers, in such munner that the nutblank, after hein'g cut om thebar, is transferred to the place between the edging-v haminers so as to bey forged cdgewise.

3. The combination of the perforating-pnucl1 with edging-hammers, arranged and constructed to hammer all sides of the blankan'ithontthe necessity of turning the blank. A

A. The combination of the cutters, the die for the crowning face of the nut-blank, and edging-hammers, substantially-asset forth; `5. The eon'ibination of the adjustable cutter, .the glie4 for" the crowning face of the nut, the edginghammers, and the iiatter7 substantially as before set forth.

6. The combination of the die and edging-11ammers with a flatterfso constructed and arranged relatively to said die and hammers that-it operates both asa Hatter to' compress thefnut-blank facewise against the die,` and as a transferring instmment to more the blank to the place whcie lthe edging-ham` ure-ie act upon it, substantially as lefore seis forth.

7.l `The combination of .the edging-hammers with cutters, one ofAwhiob is constructed with a perforation in its facey to admit the perforating-pnneh,

the piece'pnnohed outfofthe blank, substantially as heforeset forth. v

8. The combination and arrangement ofthe punch, edging-hammers, die, angl flatter, in, sach manner that the blank is .pnn'ched' in the space between the this 24th day of September, A. I). 1868. l

GEO.' DURHAM. Witnesses Geo. H.A Comms, E; S. RENWJCK.

and with a lateral .opening to permit the eseapeof edging-hammers before 1t is forged by thern, subln testimony whereof, I have hereto set my hand,

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