USRE35095E - Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method - Google Patents
Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method Download PDFInfo
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- USRE35095E USRE35095E US07/942,494 US94249492A USRE35095E US RE35095 E USRE35095 E US RE35095E US 94249492 A US94249492 A US 94249492A US RE35095 E USRE35095 E US RE35095E
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
- A61K31/554—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole having at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as ring hetero atoms, e.g. clothiapine, diltiazem
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/12—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis
- A61P3/14—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for electrolyte homeostasis for calcium homeostasis
Definitions
- This invention concerns seizure treatment.
- That invention in summary is a method of ameliorating generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizures in a mammal by systemically administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a compound having calcium antagonist activity and the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, a lower straight chain or branched alkyl, hydroxy, a halogen or a lower straight chain or branched alkyl halide; Y is a lower straight chain or branched alkyl; R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy or acetyloxy; R2 and R3 are each a lower straight chain or branched alkyl or a non-aromatic saturated or unsaturated cycloalkyl having no more than 6 carbon atoms or together are a heterocuyclic, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
- This invention provides a method for ameliorating a generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizure in a mammal comprising systemically administering to a mammal in need of treatment therefor a Benzothiazepine-compound in an amount effective to ameliorate said seizure.
- the invention is useful in seizure treatment.
- the present invention provides a further method for ameliorating such a siezure as aforesaid.
- the treatment it provides can be unexpectedly effective.
- ameliorating or “ameliorate” refer herein to improving or improvement by reduction or termination of the seizure condition of the mammal. It refers to all degrees of improvement, also including prevention.
- generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizure refers herein to the usual or composite form especially denoting a symptom complex characteristic of a class or the like of a bilaterally symmetrical convulsion, without local onset, of a tonoclonic, i.e., of both a tonic and a clonic, nature, which is a state of continuous, unremitting muscular contraction followed by repetitive contraction and relaxation, i.e., jerking, symptiomatic of a chronic disorder characterized by paroxysmal attacks of brain dysfunction due to excessive neuronal discharge, and usually associated with some alteration of consciousness.
- the term is intended to represent a diagnosis classification approved by the International League against Epilepsy in September of 1981. See e.g., Porter et al., Cleve. Clin. Q., 51 293-305 (1984).
- systemically administering refers herein to applying or giving to the organism entirely as distinguished from any of its individual parts.
- systemically administering of the Benzothiazepine-compound can be generally accomplished by such methods as, for example, oral ingestion of an oral or sublingual dosage form such as a tablet, capsule, bead sample, syrup, elixer, dragee, and so forth and the like, injection of an injectable solution or suspension, application of a transdermal or other external preparation such as a solution, creme, gel or other ointment, and/or insertion of a rapid or sustained release device.
- mammal refers herein to an animal of the class Mammalia.
- the mammal can be a human being.
- needle of treatment therefor refers herein to a condition requiring management or relief for the generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizure included are posterior, prophylactic and/or palliative treatment(s).
- Benzothiazepine-compound refers herein to a benzothiazepine-type compound, and to pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof, having calcium antagonist activity and which is represented by the following general formula: ##STR2## wherein Q is hydro (H) or halo to include fluoro (F) and chloro (Cl), especially H or 8-Cl;
- R is H, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkyl, cyano (CN), lower alkyl to include methyl (CH3) or halo to include F & Cl, especially H, methoxy (OMe), trifluoromethyl (CF3) or CN;
- R' is H or alkylacyl to include, e.g., lower alkylacyl and adamantylcarboxy, etc., especially H, or lower alkylacyl to include groups such as acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, pivalyl, valeryl, isovaleryl, etc., provided that then there is full saturation between carbons 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus and 2,3-dihydro-functionality thereat as well, or
- R" is 2-[di(lower alkyl)amino]ethyl (R"1), 3-[di(lower alkyl)amino]propyl (R"2), 2-(pyrrolidino)ethyl (R"3), 3-(pyrrolidino)propyl (R"4), 2-piperidino)ethyl (R"5), 3-(piperidino)propyl (R"6), 2-(morpholino)ethyl (R”7), 3-(morpholino)propyl (R”8) or (N-pyridinium)alkyl with a suitable counterion being present (+R"9-X), especially R"1, e.g., with R"1 being 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl (R"1a) or with R"1 being 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl (R"1b), or R"3, or R"5, or +R"9-X, e.g., with
- the cis-configuration i.e, about positions 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus
- the trans-configuration i.e., about positions 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus, being present in the cases of Q being H or 8-Cl, R being methoxy.[.,.]. .Iadd.or trifluoromethyl, .Iaddend.R' being H, and R"being .Iadd.R"1a or .Iaddend.R"5.
- the compound has a chiral carbon
- racemates or separate optical antipodes may be present in the practice of this invention, with some exceptions to this, e.g., the levorotary optical antipodes corresponding to diltiazem and to d-cis-TA3090 being two such exceptions.
- Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts generally sulfate, the citrate, and so forth.
- the Benzothiazepine-compounds can be made by reacting a suitable glycidic acid ester with a suitable aminothiophenol to prepare corresponding aminophenylthiopropionic acid ester, then cyclyzing the later ester or its corresponding free acid, followed by N-alkylation and 3-acylation as may be desired.
- a suitable glycidic acid ester with a suitable aminothiophenol to prepare corresponding aminophenylthiopropionic acid ester, then cyclyzing the later ester or its corresponding free acid, followed by N-alkylation and 3-acylation as may be desired.
- Benzothiazepine-compounds having the vinyl chloride at positions 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus can be made by processes known in the art. See e.g., Krapcho et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,895,006 (Jul. 15, 1975); Krapcho et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,983,106 (Sep. 28, 1976); Krapcho, U.S. Pat. No. 3,075,967 (Jan. 29, 1963), each of these being incorporated herein by reference.
- an amount effective refers herein to an effective amount, which is any amount necessary to at least ameliorate, or optimally completely control or prevent, the seizures.
- effective amounts can be about from 0.1 to 300 mg of Benzothiazepine-compound administered per day.
- All compounds were dissolved in deionized water and administered at a dose from 0.1 milligram (mg) per kilogram (kg) of mammal weight to 100 to 300 mg per kg of mammal weight.
- Each sample, or control was administered by interperitoneal injection in a volume of liquid equal to 10 microliters (uL) of the liquid per g of mammal weight.
- Each mammal was a male CF-1 mouse (Charles Rivers Breeding Laboratories) weighing an average of 25 g. One hour after the injection, the mouse was tested.
- RT rotorod toxicity
- MES maximal electroshock seizure
- scMET subcutaneous pentylenetetraxole seizure threshold
- the RT test designed to detect a minimal neurological deficit from acute compound-induced toxicity in the mouse, required that the mouse was placed on a 1-inch (2.54 cm) diameter knurled plastic rod rotating at 6 rotations per minute (rpm).
- Neurological deficit e.g., ataxia, sedation, hyperexcitability, was indicated by the inability of a mouse to maintain equilibrium on the rotating rod for at least 1 minute in each of 3 trials, normal mice able to remain indefinitely on the rotating rod.
- TD50 toxic dose for half of a sample of mice, i.e., TD50, in dose units, i.e., in units of mg per kg.
- the MES test designed to elicit maximal seizure in all normal mice, required that a 60 Hertz (Hz) alternating current (AC) of 50 milliamperes (mA), 5 to 7 times that necessary to elicit minimal seizure, was delivered by corneal electrodes for 0.2 seconds.
- a drop of 0.9 weight percent aqueous sodium chloride solution was applied to each eye of the mouse, and the electrical stimulus was applied.
- the mouse was restrained by hand and released at the time of stimulation in order to visually observe the entire seizure, which typically lasted for approximately 22 seconds and was characterized by a short period of initial tonic flexion followed by a prolonged period of tonic extension, especially of the hind legs, and finally a short period of terminal clonus.
- hind-leg tonic-extensor component i.e., hind-leg tonic extension that did not exceed a right angle to the trunk of the body, indicated that the compound can prevent MES-induced seizure spread, and therefore, failure of the mouse to extend its hind limbs to an angle with the trunk of the body greater than the right angle was defined as protection.
- mice Data from the MES test was used to calculate, by probit analysis, the dose at which 50 percent of mice would be protected in the MES test. This was considered an effective dose for half of a sample of mice, i.e., ED50, in dose units, i.e., in units of mg per kg.
- a therapeutic index can be calculated by dividing the TD50 by the ED50.
- the TI is indicative of a margin of safety of a drug such that the higher the TI of a drug, the safer it is.
- the scMET test designed to produce threshold or minimal (olonio) seizures, required the subcutaneous administration of METRAZOL, as a solution of 0.85 weight percent METRAZOL in 0.9 weight percent aqueous sodium chloride solution, in a loose fold of skin on the back of the neck of the mouse in a dose of 85 mg per kg.
- the mouse was observed for seizures for 30 minutes after the METRAZOL administration, during which time characteristic clonic seizures are produced in approximately 98 percent of normal mice.
- Table I identifies compounds tested, with substituent references being made to the formula I. Note that the compounds are specifically identified in terms of particular isomers or configurations. However, analogous compound nomenclature without such specific identification refers to all isomeric homologs of that compound. Table II lists results, with dose units being mg per kg.
- dl-cis-ML1017 3, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 10, RT (0/14) MES (0/14); 30, RT (0/14) MES (0/14); 100, RT (9/9) MES (9/9); 200, (4 tested, and 4 died).
- dl-cis-ML1018 30, RT (0/11) MES (1/11); 60, RT (1/5) MES (4/5); 100, RT (4/4) MES (4/4).
- dl-cis-ML1021 30, RT (0/5) MES (0/5) MES (0/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (1/5); 80, RT (2/5) MES (3/5); 100, RT (2/5) MES (4/5); 120, RT (3/3, 2 died) MES (1/3); 140, RT (1/1, 4 died) MES (1/I, 4 died); 200, RT (1/1, 4 died) MES (1/1, 4 died).
- dl-cis-ML1048 10, RT (0/4) MES (0/4); 30, RT (0/4) MES (1/4); 60, RT (1/3) MES (3/3); 100, RT (3/3) MES (3/3).
- dl-cis-ML1077 10, RT (0/4) MES (0/4); 30, RT (0/4) MES (0/4); 40, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 50, RT (0/5) MES (2/5); 60, RT (I/9) MES (6/9); 80, RT (0/9) MES (9/9); 100, RT (5/19) MES (18/19); 110, RT (2/5) MES (5/5); 120, RT (1/5) MES (5/5).
- dl-.[.cis.]..Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1078 3, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 10, RT (0/9) MES (3/9); 30, RT (1/9) MES (8/9); 60, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 100, RT (3/9) MES (9/9); 110, RT (4/5) MES (5/5); 120, RT (10/10) MES (10/10); 160, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 200, RT (5/5) MES (5/5).
- dl-.[.cis.]..Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1082 3, RT (0/12) MES (0/12); 10, RT (0/11) MES (2/21); 30, RT (0/11) MES (12/21); 40, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (14/15); 80, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 100, RT (6/6) MES (15,16).
- dl-trans-ML1096 30, RT (0/10) MES (1/9); 100, RT (0/10) MES (3/10); 120, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 150, RT (0/10) MES (7/10); 200, RT (8/20) MES (20/20); 205, RT (4/5) MES (4/5); 210, RT (4/5) MES (5/5); 220, RT (10/10) MES (10/10); 230, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 270, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 300, RT (8/8, 2 died) MES (8/8, 2 died).
- ML1097 3, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 10, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 30, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 40, RT (0/5) MES (3/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (4/5); 80, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 100, RT (1/10) MES (9/10); 120, RT (3/5) MES (5/5); 150, RT (2/2) MES (2/2); 160, RT (4/5) MES (5/5); 180, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 200, RT (9/10) MES (9/10).
- dl-trans-ML1103 30, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 100, RT (0/15) MES (13/15); 120, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 140, RT (2/5) MES (5/5); 160, RT (0/1, 4 died) MES (1/1, 4 died); 180, RT (1/2, 3 died) MES (2/2, 3died); 200, RT (4/4, 1 died) MES (4/4, 1 died).
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Abstract
Seizures are ameliorated with certain benzothiazepines.
Description
This is a continuation-in-part of PCT/U.S. 89/02220 filed May 23, 1989, which continues Ser. No. 07,198,054 filed May 24, 1988, U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,289 (Nov. 7, 1989), incorporated herein by reference.
This invention concerns seizure treatment.
Zobrist et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 70/198,054 filed May 24, 1988, U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,289 (Nov. 7, 1989), discloses a method of ameliorating epileptic seizures. That invention in summary is a method of ameliorating generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizures in a mammal by systemically administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a compound having calcium antagonist activity and the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, a lower straight chain or branched alkyl, hydroxy, a halogen or a lower straight chain or branched alkyl halide; Y is a lower straight chain or branched alkyl; R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy or acetyloxy; R2 and R3 are each a lower straight chain or branched alkyl or a non-aromatic saturated or unsaturated cycloalkyl having no more than 6 carbon atoms or together are a heterocuyclic, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
The art lacks and needs further methods for ameliorating such seizures.
This invention provides a method for ameliorating a generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizure in a mammal comprising systemically administering to a mammal in need of treatment therefor a Benzothiazepine-compound in an amount effective to ameliorate said seizure.
The invention is useful in seizure treatment.
Notably, the present invention provides a further method for ameliorating such a siezure as aforesaid. The treatment it provides can be unexpectedly effective.
Further advantages attend this invention as well.
The terms "ameliorating" or "ameliorate" refer herein to improving or improvement by reduction or termination of the seizure condition of the mammal. It refers to all degrees of improvement, also including prevention.
The term "generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizure" refers herein to the usual or composite form especially denoting a symptom complex characteristic of a class or the like of a bilaterally symmetrical convulsion, without local onset, of a tonoclonic, i.e., of both a tonic and a clonic, nature, which is a state of continuous, unremitting muscular contraction followed by repetitive contraction and relaxation, i.e., jerking, symptiomatic of a chronic disorder characterized by paroxysmal attacks of brain dysfunction due to excessive neuronal discharge, and usually associated with some alteration of consciousness. However, as such, the term is intended to represent a diagnosis classification approved by the International League Against Epilepsy in September of 1981. See e.g., Porter et al., Cleve. Clin. Q., 51 293-305 (1984).
The term "systemically administering" refers herein to applying or giving to the organism entirely as distinguished from any of its individual parts. As such, systemically administering of the Benzothiazepine-compound can be generally accomplished by such methods as, for example, oral ingestion of an oral or sublingual dosage form such as a tablet, capsule, bead sample, syrup, elixer, dragee, and so forth and the like, injection of an injectable solution or suspension, application of a transdermal or other external preparation such as a solution, creme, gel or other ointment, and/or insertion of a rapid or sustained release device.
The term "mammal" refers herein to an animal of the class Mammalia. The mammal can be a human being.
The term "need of treatment therefor" refers herein to a condition requiring management or relief for the generalized tonic-clonic type epileptic seizure included are posterior, prophylactic and/or palliative treatment(s).
The term "Benzothiazepine-compound" refers herein to a benzothiazepine-type compound, and to pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof, having calcium antagonist activity and which is represented by the following general formula: ##STR2## wherein Q is hydro (H) or halo to include fluoro (F) and chloro (Cl), especially H or 8-Cl;
R is H, lower alkoxy, lower haloalkyl, cyano (CN), lower alkyl to include methyl (CH3) or halo to include F & Cl, especially H, methoxy (OMe), trifluoromethyl (CF3) or CN;
Y is
OR', wherein R' is H or alkylacyl to include, e.g., lower alkylacyl and adamantylcarboxy, etc., especially H, or lower alkylacyl to include groups such as acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, pivalyl, valeryl, isovaleryl, etc., provided that then there is full saturation between carbons 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus and 2,3-dihydro-functionality thereat as well, or
Cl, provided that then there is ethylenic unsaturation between positions 2 & 3 of the enzothiazepine nucleus, and
R" is 2-[di(lower alkyl)amino]ethyl (R"1), 3-[di(lower alkyl)amino]propyl (R"2), 2-(pyrrolidino)ethyl (R"3), 3-(pyrrolidino)propyl (R"4), 2-piperidino)ethyl (R"5), 3-(piperidino)propyl (R"6), 2-(morpholino)ethyl (R"7), 3-(morpholino)propyl (R"8) or (N-pyridinium)alkyl with a suitable counterion being present (+R"9-X), especially R"1, e.g., with R"1 being 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl (R"1a) or with R"1 being 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl (R"1b), or R"3, or R"5, or +R"9-X, e.g., with +R"9-X being 2-(N-pyridinium)ethyl with a bromide and/or chloride counterion being present (+R"9a-X),
provided that, in the cis-configuration, when Q is H or 8-Cl, R is methoxy, R' is acetyl, and R" is R"1a, the compound is the levorotary isomer.
Generally, with respect to the 2,3-dihydro compounds, the cis-configuration, i.e, about positions 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus, is or can be present, with some exceptions to this, e.g., as aforesaid and also preferably with the trans-configuration, i.e., about positions 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus, being present in the cases of Q being H or 8-Cl, R being methoxy.[.,.]. .Iadd.or trifluoromethyl, .Iaddend.R' being H, and R"being .Iadd.R"1a or .Iaddend.R"5. Also generally, if the compound has a chiral carbon, racemates or separate optical antipodes may be present in the practice of this invention, with some exceptions to this, e.g., the levorotary optical antipodes corresponding to diltiazem and to d-cis-TA3090 being two such exceptions.
Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts generally sulfate, the citrate, and so forth.
The Benzothiazepine-compounds can be made by reacting a suitable glycidic acid ester with a suitable aminothiophenol to prepare corresponding aminophenylthiopropionic acid ester, then cyclyzing the later ester or its corresponding free acid, followed by N-alkylation and 3-acylation as may be desired. See e.g., Kugita et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,562,257 (Feb. 9, 1971); Takeda et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,567,175 (Jan. 28, 1986); Borcherding et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/440,383 entitled, "BENZOTHIAZEPINES," and filed on even date herewith; Wynberg et al., Ser. No. 07/195,749, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 4,885,375 (Dec. 5, 1989); Wynberg et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/439,678 entitled, "GLYCIDIC ACID ESTERS BY BAEYER-VILLAGER REARRANGEMENTS," and filed on even date herewith; Martin, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/440,377 entitled, "CYANO ESTERS AND AZEPINONES," and filed on even date herewith, and Martin, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/400,658 filed Aug. 31,1989, each of these being incorporated herein by reference. In addition, the Benzothiazepine-compounds having the vinyl chloride at positions 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus can be made by processes known in the art. See e.g., Krapcho et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,895,006 (Jul. 15, 1975); Krapcho et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,983,106 (Sep. 28, 1976); Krapcho, U.S. Pat. No. 3,075,967 (Jan. 29, 1963), each of these being incorporated herein by reference.
The term "an amount effective" refers herein to an effective amount, which is any amount necessary to at least ameliorate, or optimally completely control or prevent, the seizures. For example, in human patients in general, effective amounts can be about from 0.1 to 300 mg of Benzothiazepine-compound administered per day.
The following further illustrates this invention.
All compounds were dissolved in deionized water and administered at a dose from 0.1 milligram (mg) per kilogram (kg) of mammal weight to 100 to 300 mg per kg of mammal weight. Each sample, or control, was administered by interperitoneal injection in a volume of liquid equal to 10 microliters (uL) of the liquid per g of mammal weight. Each mammal was a male CF-1 mouse (Charles Rivers Breeding Laboratories) weighing an average of 25 g. One hour after the injection, the mouse was tested. In general, rotorod toxicity (RT), maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetraxole seizure threshold (scMET) tests were carried out, without administration of anesthesia as anesthetic agents may have interfered with seizure development and therefore masked any beneficial actions of the administered compounds, as follows.
The RT test, designed to detect a minimal neurological deficit from acute compound-induced toxicity in the mouse, required that the mouse was placed on a 1-inch (2.54 cm) diameter knurled plastic rod rotating at 6 rotations per minute (rpm). Neurological deficit, e.g., ataxia, sedation, hyperexcitability, was indicated by the inability of a mouse to maintain equilibrium on the rotating rod for at least 1 minute in each of 3 trials, normal mice able to remain indefinitely on the rotating rod.
Data from the RT test was used to calculate, by probit analysis, the dose at which 50 percent of mice would fail the RT test. This was considered a toxic dose for half of a sample of mice, i.e., TD50, in dose units, i.e., in units of mg per kg.
The MES test, designed to elicit maximal seizure in all normal mice, required that a 60 Hertz (Hz) alternating current (AC) of 50 milliamperes (mA), 5 to 7 times that necessary to elicit minimal seizure, was delivered by corneal electrodes for 0.2 seconds. A drop of 0.9 weight percent aqueous sodium chloride solution was applied to each eye of the mouse, and the electrical stimulus was applied. The mouse was restrained by hand and released at the time of stimulation in order to visually observe the entire seizure, which typically lasted for approximately 22 seconds and was characterized by a short period of initial tonic flexion followed by a prolonged period of tonic extension, especially of the hind legs, and finally a short period of terminal clonus. Elimination of the hind-leg tonic-extensor component, i.e., hind-leg tonic extension that did not exceed a right angle to the trunk of the body, indicated that the compound can prevent MES-induced seizure spread, and therefore, failure of the mouse to extend its hind limbs to an angle with the trunk of the body greater than the right angle was defined as protection.
Data from the MES test was used to calculate, by probit analysis, the dose at which 50 percent of mice would be protected in the MES test. This was considered an effective dose for half of a sample of mice, i.e., ED50, in dose units, i.e., in units of mg per kg.
A therapeutic index (TI) can be calculated by dividing the TD50 by the ED50. The TI is indicative of a margin of safety of a drug such that the higher the TI of a drug, the safer it is.
The scMET test, designed to produce threshold or minimal (olonio) seizures, required the subcutaneous administration of METRAZOL, as a solution of 0.85 weight percent METRAZOL in 0.9 weight percent aqueous sodium chloride solution, in a loose fold of skin on the back of the neck of the mouse in a dose of 85 mg per kg. The mouse was observed for seizures for 30 minutes after the METRAZOL administration, during which time characteristic clonic seizures are produced in approximately 98 percent of normal mice. The absence of a single 5 second episode of clonic spasms, a threshold seizure, was defined as protection.
Table I identifies compounds tested, with substituent references being made to the formula I. Note that the compounds are specifically identified in terms of particular isomers or configurations. However, analogous compound nomenclature without such specific identification refers to all isomeric homologs of that compound. Table II lists results, with dose units being mg per kg.
TABLE I
______________________________________
Y:R' of
Compound Q R OR' & C R" Salt
______________________________________
1-cis-DTZ H OMe acetyl R"1a HCl
1-cis-TA3090
8-Cl OMe acetyl R"1a maleate
d-cis-ML1013
H OMe valeryl R"1a fumerate
d-cis-ML1014
H OMe isovaleryl
R"1a fumerate
d-cis-ML1015
H OMe pivalyl R"1a fumerate
d-cis-ML1016
H OMe acetyl R"1b HCl
dl-cis-NL1017
H OMe H R"5 HCl
dl-cis-ML1018
H OMe acetyl R"5 HCl
dl-cis-ML1020
H OMe H R"3 HCl
dl-cis-ML1021
H OMe acetyl R"3 HCl
d-cis-ML1047
8-Cl OMe pivalyl R"1a fumerate
dl-cis-ML1048
H OMe H R"6 HCl
dl-cis-ML1063
H OMe H R"7 HCl
dl-cis-ML1064
H OMe acetyl R"7 HCl
dl-cis-ML1065
H OMe H +R" Br/Cl
9a-X
dl-cis-ML1066
H OMe acetyl +R" Br/Cl
9a-X
dl-cis-ML1077
H Cl H R"1a HCl
dl-trans-ML1078
H CF3 H R"1a HCl
dl-cis-ML1079
H Me H R"1a HCl
d-cis-ML1080
H OMe adaman- R"1a fumerate
tylcarbonyl
dl-trans-ML1082
H CF3 H R"5 HCl
dl-trans-ML1096
8-Cl OMe H R"5 HCl
ML1097 H OMe *Cl R"1a HCl
dl-cis-ML1098
H H H R"5 HCl
ml-trans-ML1103
H OMe H R"5 HCl
dl-cis-ML1104
H CN H R"5 HCl
______________________________________
*vinyl chloride at position 2, 3
TABLE II
______________________________________
MES protection
Compound @ Dose ED50 TD50 TI scMET
______________________________________
1-cis-DTZ 50% (5/10) None
@ 100
1-cis-TA3090
40% (2/5) None
@ 100
d-cis-ML1013
0% (0/8) None
@ 100
d-cis-ML1014
20% (2/10) None
@ 100
d-cis-ML1015
0% (0/9) None
@ 100
d-cis-ML1016
89% (8/9) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1017
100% (10/10) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1018
90% (9/10) 45.6 None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1020
70% (7/10) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1021
89% (8/9) 76.1 97.5 1.3 None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1048
0% (0/9) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1063
20% (2/10) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1064
20% (2/10) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1065
0% (0/8) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1066
0% (0/4) None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1077
100% (10/10)
55.7 None
@ 100
dl-trans- 100% (10/10)
13.4 84.5 6.3 None
ML1078 @ 100
dl-cis-ML1079
50% (5/10) None
@ 100
d-cis-ML1080
0% (0/5) None
@ 100
dl-trans- 100% (12/12)
23.7 None
ML1082 @ 100
dl-trans- 30% (3/10) 87.2 203.1 2.3 None
ML1096 @ 100
ML1097 90% (9/10) 47.7 125.2 2.6 None
@ 100
dl-cis-ML1098
0% (*0/10) None
@ 100
dl-trans- 100% (10/10) None
ML1103 @ 100
dl-cis-ML1104
20% (1/5) None
@ 100
______________________________________
*100% death at this dose
In conjunction with Table II, the following salient data was collected and is listed as follows. The list employs the following format: Benzothiazepine-compound as identified in Table I: Dose, in mg per kg, test, i.e., RT (number not having observed deficit/number tested, plus any comments) and MES (number protected/number tested, plus any comments).
d-cis-MLI016 30, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (1/5); 100, RT (0/4, 1 died) MES (3/4, 1 died),
dl-cis-ML1017: 3, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 10, RT (0/14) MES (0/14); 30, RT (0/14) MES (0/14); 100, RT (9/9) MES (9/9); 200, (4 tested, and 4 died).
dl-cis-ML1018: 30, RT (0/11) MES (1/11); 60, RT (1/5) MES (4/5); 100, RT (4/4) MES (4/4).
dl-cis-ML1021: 30, RT (0/5) MES (0/5) MES (0/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (1/5); 80, RT (2/5) MES (3/5); 100, RT (2/5) MES (4/5); 120, RT (3/3, 2 died) MES (1/3); 140, RT (1/1, 4 died) MES (1/I, 4 died); 200, RT (1/1, 4 died) MES (1/1, 4 died).
dl-cis-ML1048: 10, RT (0/4) MES (0/4); 30, RT (0/4) MES (1/4); 60, RT (1/3) MES (3/3); 100, RT (3/3) MES (3/3).
dl-cis-ML1077: 10, RT (0/4) MES (0/4); 30, RT (0/4) MES (0/4); 40, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 50, RT (0/5) MES (2/5); 60, RT (I/9) MES (6/9); 80, RT (0/9) MES (9/9); 100, RT (5/19) MES (18/19); 110, RT (2/5) MES (5/5); 120, RT (1/5) MES (5/5).
dl-.[.cis.]..Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1078: 3, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 10, RT (0/9) MES (3/9); 30, RT (1/9) MES (8/9); 60, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 100, RT (3/9) MES (9/9); 110, RT (4/5) MES (5/5); 120, RT (10/10) MES (10/10); 160, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 200, RT (5/5) MES (5/5).
dl-.[.cis.]..Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1082: 3, RT (0/12) MES (0/12); 10, RT (0/11) MES (2/21); 30, RT (0/11) MES (12/21); 40, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (14/15); 80, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 100, RT (6/6) MES (15,16).
dl-trans-ML1096: 30, RT (0/10) MES (1/9); 100, RT (0/10) MES (3/10); 120, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 150, RT (0/10) MES (7/10); 200, RT (8/20) MES (20/20); 205, RT (4/5) MES (4/5); 210, RT (4/5) MES (5/5); 220, RT (10/10) MES (10/10); 230, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 270, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 300, RT (8/8, 2 died) MES (8/8, 2 died).
ML1097: 3, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 10, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 30, RT (0/10) MES (0/10); 40, RT (0/5) MES (3/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (4/5); 80, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 100, RT (1/10) MES (9/10); 120, RT (3/5) MES (5/5); 150, RT (2/2) MES (2/2); 160, RT (4/5) MES (5/5); 180, RT (5/5) MES (5/5); 200, RT (9/10) MES (9/10).
dl-trans-ML1103: 30, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 60, RT (0/5) MES (0/5); 100, RT (0/15) MES (13/15); 120, RT (0/5) MES (5/5); 140, RT (2/5) MES (5/5); 160, RT (0/1, 4 died) MES (1/1, 4 died); 180, RT (1/2, 3 died) MES (2/2, 3died); 200, RT (4/4, 1 died) MES (4/4, 1 died).
The present invention is thus provided. Numerous adaptations and modifications can be effected by those skilled in the art within the spirit of this invention, the scope of which is particularly pointed out by the following distinctly claimed subject matter.
Claims (15)
1. A method for ameliorating a generalized tonic clonic type epileptic seizure in a mammal comprising systemically administering to a mammal in need of treatment therefor a Benzothiazepine-compound in an amount effective to ameliorate said seizure, wherein the Benzothiazepine-compound is a benzothiazepine-type compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having calcium antagonist activity and which is represented by the following general formula: ##STR3## wherein Q is hydro (H) or halo:
R is H, Lower alkoxy, lower haloalkyl, cyano, lower alkyl or halo;
Y is
OR', wherein R' is H of alkylacyl, provided that then there is full saturation between carbons 2 & 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus and 2,3-dihydro-functionality thereat as well, or
Cl, provided that then there is ethylenic unsaturation between positions 2 & 3 of the ebenzothiazepine nucleus, and
R" is 2-[di(lower alkyl)amino ]ethyl, 3-[di(lower alkyl)amino]propyl, 2-(pyrrolidino)ethyl, 3-(pyrrolidino)propyl, 2-(piperidino)ethyl, 3-(piperidino)propyl, 2-(morpholino)ethyl, 3-(morpholino)propyl or (N-pyridinium)alkyl with a suitable counterion being present,
provided that, in the cis-configuration, when Q is H or 8-Cl, R is methoxy, R' is acetyl, and R" is 2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl, then the compound is the levorotary isomer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the Benzothiazepine-compound is selected from the group consisting of 1-cis-DTZ, 1-cis-TA3090, M11014, ML1016, ML1017, ML1018, ML1020, ML1021, ML1048, ML1063, ML1064, ML1077, ML1078, ML1079, ML1082, ML1096, ML1097, ML1103, ML1104, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof, wherein each particular compound is identified as follows with respect to the formula (I):
______________________________________
Y:R' of
Compound Q R OR' & C R"
______________________________________
1-cis-DTZ H OMe acetyl R"1a
1-cis-TA3090
8-Cl OMe acetyl R"1a
ML1014 H OMe isovaleryl
R"1a
ML1016 H OMe acetyl R"1b
ML1017 H OMe H R"5
ML1018 H OMe acetyl R"5
ML1020 H OMe H R"5
ML1021 H OMe acetyl R"3
ML1048 H OMe H R"6
ML1063 H OMe H R"7
ML1064 H OMe acetyl R"7
ML1077 H Cl H R"1a
ML1078 H CF3 H R"1a
ML1079 H Me H R"1a
ML1082 H CF3 H R"5
ML1096 8-Cl OMe H R"5
ML1097 H OMe *Cl R"1a
ML1103 H OMe H R"5
ML1104 H CN H R"5
______________________________________
wherein also
with respect to Q, 8-Cl is 8-chloro;
with respect to R, OMe is methoxy; Cl is chloro; CF3 is trifluoromethyl; Me is methyl, and CN is cyano;
with respect to Y, *CI indicates vinyl chloride at position 2, 3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus, and
with respect to R", R"1a is 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl; R"1b is 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl; R"3 is 2-(pyrrolidino)ethyl; R"5 is 2-(piperidino)ethyl; R"6 is 3-(piperidino)propyl, and R"7 is 2-(morpholino)ethyl.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazepine-compound is selected from the group consisting of ML11016, ML1017, ML1018, ML1021, ML1048, ML1077, ML1078, ML1103, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazephine-compound is selected from the group consisting of ML1021, ML1077, ML11078, ML1082, ML1096, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazephine-compound is selected from the group consisting of d-cis-ML1014, d-cis-ML1016, cis-ML1017, cis-ML1018, cis-ML1020, cis-MLI1021, cis-ML1048, cis-ML1063, cis-ML1064, cis-ML1077, .[.cis.]. .Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1078, cis-ML1079, .[.cis.]. .Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1082, trans-ML1096, trans-ML1103, cis-ML1104, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazephine-compound is selected from the group consisting of cis-ML1016, cis-ML1017, cis-ML1018, cis-ML1021, cis-ML1048, cis-ML1077, .[.cis.]. .Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1078, trans-ML1103, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazephine-compound is selected from the group consisting of cis-ML1077, .[.cis.]. .Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1078, .[.cis.]. .Iadd.trans.Iaddend.-ML1082, trans-ML1096, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a hydrochloride salt.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazephine-compound is 1-cis-TA3090, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a maleate salt.
11. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazephine-compound is 1-cis-DTZ, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a hydrochloride salt.
13. The method of claim 2, wherein the Benzothiazepine-compound is ML1097, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is a hydrochloride salt.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the Benzothiazepine-compound is selected from the group consisting of the following salts, identified as follows with respect to the formula (I):
______________________________________
Y:R' of
Compound Q R OR' & C R" Salt
______________________________________
1-cis-DTZ H OMe acetyl R"1a HCl
1-cis-TA3090
8-Cl OMe acetyl R"1a maleate
d-cis-ML1013
H OMe valeryl R"1a fumerate
d-cis-ML1014
H OMe isovaleryl
R"1a fumerate
d-cis-ML1015
H OMe pivalyl R"1a fumerate
d-cis-ML1016
H OMe acetyl R"1b HCl
dl-cis-ML1017
H OMe H R"5 HCl
dl-cis-ML1018
H OMe acetyl R"5 HCl
dl-cis-ML1020
H OMe H R"3 HCl
dl-cis-ML1021
H OMe acetyl R"3 HCl
d-cis-ML1047
8-Cl OMe pivalyl R"1a fumerate
dl-cis-ML1048
H OMe H R"6 HCl
dl-cis-ML1063
H OMe H R"7 HCl
dl-cis-ML1064
H OMe acetyl R"7 HCl
dl-cis-ML1065
H OMe H +R" Br/Cl
9a-X
dl-cis-ML1066
H OMe acetyl +R" Br/Cl
9a-X
dl-cis-ML1077
H Cl H R"1a HCl
dl-trans-ML1078
H CF3 H R"1a HCl
dl-cis-ML1079
H Me H R"1a HCl
d-cis-ML1080
H OMe adaman- R"1a fumerate
tylcarboxy
dl-cis-ML1082
H CF3 H R"5 HCl
dl-trans-ML1096
8-Cl OMe H R"5 HCl
ML1097 H OMe *Cl R"1a HCL
dl-cis-ML1098
H H H R"5 HCl
dl-trans-ML1103
H OMe H R"5 HCl
dl-cis-ML1104
H CN H R"5 HCl
______________________________________
wherein also
with respect to Q, 8-Cl is 8-chloro;
with respect to R, OMe is methoxy; Cl is chloro; CF3 is trifluoromethyl; Me is methyl, and CN is cyano;
with respect to Y, *Cl indicates vinyl chloride at position 2,3 of the benzothiazepine nucleus, and
with respect to R", R"1a is 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl; R"1b is 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl: R"3 is 2-(pyrrolidino)ethyl; R"5 is 2-(piperidino)ethyl; R"6 is 3-(piperidino)propyl; R"7 is 2-(morpholino)ethyl, and +R"9a-X is 2-(N-pyridinium)ethyl with a bromide and/or chloride counterion being present.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/942,494 USRE35095E (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1992-09-09 | Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/198,054 US4879289A (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Method of ameliorating epileptic seizures |
| US07/440,376 US4963545A (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-22 | Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method |
| US07/942,494 USRE35095E (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1992-09-09 | Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method |
Related Parent Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/198,054 Continuation US4879289A (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Method of ameliorating epileptic seizures |
| US07/440,376 Reissue US4963545A (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-22 | Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| USRE35095E true USRE35095E (en) | 1995-11-21 |
Family
ID=22731815
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|---|---|---|---|
| US07/198,054 Expired - Lifetime US4879289A (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Method of ameliorating epileptic seizures |
| US07/942,494 Expired - Lifetime USRE35095E (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1992-09-09 | Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| US07/198,054 Expired - Lifetime US4879289A (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Method of ameliorating epileptic seizures |
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|---|---|
| US (2) | US4879289A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0368994B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0623105B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU606531B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1317593C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68911273T2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL90397A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989011281A1 (en) |
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| US4963545A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1990-10-16 | Marion Laboratories, Inc. | Benzothiazepine anti-seizure method |
| US4879289A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-07 | Marion Laboratories, Inc. | Method of ameliorating epileptic seizures |
| US5002773A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-03-26 | Marion Merrell Dow Inc. | Transdermal delivery of (+) (2S,3S)-3-acetoxy-8-chloro-5-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4-(5H)-one |
| US5023355A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-06-11 | Globus Alfred R | Stabilized B-carotene |
| CA2061353A1 (en) * | 1991-02-26 | 1992-08-27 | Sakae Murata | Prophylactic and curing agent for sequelae of cerebral neurocyte dyscrasia |
| US5378698A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1995-01-03 | Shionogi & Co., Ltd. | Benzothiazepine derivatives |
| US6635277B2 (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2003-10-21 | Wockhardt Limited | Composition for pulsatile delivery of diltiazem and process of manufacture |
| AU2004288717A1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-26 | Grace Laboratories, Inc. | Immunosorbent blood tests for assessing paroxysmal cerebral discharges |
| EP1817039A4 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2008-03-26 | Univ Rochester | TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF EPILEPSY |
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| US3075967A (en) * | 1961-06-12 | 1963-01-29 | Olin Mathieson | Benzothiazines |
| US3562257A (en) * | 1967-10-28 | 1971-02-09 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co | Benzothiazepine derivatives |
| US3895006A (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1975-07-15 | Squibb & Sons Inc | 5-(Substituted amino)alkyl)-2-aryl-3-halo-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones |
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| US4879289A (en) * | 1988-05-24 | 1989-11-07 | Marion Laboratories, Inc. | Method of ameliorating epileptic seizures |
| US4885375A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-12-05 | Marion Laboratories, Inc. | Resolution of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidic acid with in situ conversion to alkyl esters |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59144776A (en) * | 1983-02-04 | 1984-08-18 | Tokawa Tetsuo | Method for optical resolution of benzothiazepine derivative |
| JPS60146884A (en) * | 1984-01-09 | 1985-08-02 | Nippon Chem:Kk | Method for producing 1,5 benzothiazepine derivatives |
-
1988
- 1988-05-24 US US07/198,054 patent/US4879289A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-05-23 JP JP1506484A patent/JPH0623105B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-23 EP EP89906896A patent/EP0368994B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-23 CA CA000600337A patent/CA1317593C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-23 DE DE89906896T patent/DE68911273T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-23 AU AU37601/89A patent/AU606531B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-05-23 WO PCT/US1989/002220 patent/WO1989011281A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-05-24 IL IL90397A patent/IL90397A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-09-09 US US07/942,494 patent/USRE35095E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| US4885375A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-12-05 | Marion Laboratories, Inc. | Resolution of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidic acid with in situ conversion to alkyl esters |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0368994B1 (en) | 1993-12-08 |
| AU606531B2 (en) | 1991-02-07 |
| JPH02502920A (en) | 1990-09-13 |
| DE68911273T2 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
| EP0368994A4 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| US4879289A (en) | 1989-11-07 |
| AU3760189A (en) | 1989-12-12 |
| CA1317593C (en) | 1993-05-11 |
| EP0368994A1 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
| JPH0623105B2 (en) | 1994-03-30 |
| WO1989011281A1 (en) | 1989-11-30 |
| DE68911273D1 (en) | 1994-01-20 |
| IL90397A0 (en) | 1990-01-18 |
| IL90397A (en) | 1993-05-13 |
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