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USRE33230E - Fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents

Fluidized bed reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE33230E
USRE33230E US07/313,533 US31353389A USRE33230E US RE33230 E USRE33230 E US RE33230E US 31353389 A US31353389 A US 31353389A US RE33230 E USRE33230 E US RE33230E
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
distributor plate
compartments
reactor chamber
wall means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US07/313,533
Inventor
Folke Engstrom
Juhani M. Isaksson
Reijo Kuivalainen
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Amec Foster Wheeler Energia Oy
Original Assignee
Ahlstrom Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI861806A external-priority patent/FI84855C/en
Application filed by Ahlstrom Corp filed Critical Ahlstrom Corp
Priority to US07/313,533 priority Critical patent/USRE33230E/en
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Publication of USRE33230E publication Critical patent/USRE33230E/en
Assigned to FOSTER WHEELER ENERGIA OY reassignment FOSTER WHEELER ENERGIA OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: A. AHLSTROM CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/482—Gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/005—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus comprising two or more beds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/101—Entrained or fast fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor comprising a reactor chamber provided with a gas distributor plate, through which plate primary gas is fed into said chamber, and equipment for leading secondary gas to a space above said distributor plate.
  • Fluidized bed reactor are presently used for many different purposes such as, for example, combustion, gasification, and chemical and metallurgical processes because they are capable of e.g. producing an efficient contact between a gas and material to be handled, high reaction speed, even temperature and good controllability of the process.
  • An example of a proposal for solving the problem is a method and apparatus for handling a fuel in a fluid bed as disclosed in FI patent application No. 833171, in which the primary gas is fed through holes at the bottom of tubes formed in the grate and the secondary gas fed through ducts running through the grate, said ducts terminating in the openings above said grate.
  • Even distribution of the fluidizing air and the secondary air calls for "excessive" pressure difference if the grate is big.
  • FI patent application No. 850708 discloses a steam boiler in which a fixed fluidized bed is divided into compartments by means of partition walls. Supply of secondary air is arranged above the compartments in a non-disclosed manner.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the space above the gas distributor plate of the reactor chamber is divided into compartments by means of partition walls having discharge openings for secondary gas.
  • the present apparatus is of simple construction and may bring about, for example, the following advantages:
  • the pressure difference over the distributor plate is more even, which results in more uniform fluidization.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional illustration taken along line A--A of FIG. 1.
  • a circulating fluidized bed reactor 1 receives primary gas, such as air, through inlet openings 3 of air chambers or boxes 2 disposed at the bottom of the reactor 1.
  • the air is then led through a gas distributor plate 5, disposed between a reactor chamber 4 and the air boxes 2, to the bottom of the reactor chamber 4.
  • a gas distributor plate 5 disposed between a reactor chamber 4 and the air boxes 2, to the bottom of the reactor chamber 4.
  • partition walls 7 which divide the space above said distributor plate 5 into compartments 6, and said partition walls 7 have ducts 8 leading to discharge openings 9 for the supply of secondary gas such as, for example, air.
  • the partition walls 7 extend to a height 0.5 to 4 m, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 m, above the surface of the distributor plate 5.
  • the openings in the partition walls 7 have been arranged to form rows or lines at different heights such as at 0.6 and 2 m, for example. It is possible for openings 9 disposed at different heights in the partition walls 7 to be connected to different ducts 8, and for the ducts 8 to be connected to different air supply sources (as indicated schematically by reference arrows 18 and 19 in FIG. 2) so as to bring about a desired distribution of the secondary air in the vertical direction relative to the reactor. Furthermore, it is possible for the secondary air discharge openings 9 and 10 as well as the air box 2 of each compartment to be connected to air supply systems of their own so that the air supply to different compartments can be separately controlled (also as schematically illustrated by 18 and 19 in FIG. 2).
  • Fuel is fed into the reactor to the space above the partition walls 7 and solids separated from the flue gases in gas separators 13 are returned to the reactor through openings 11 and 12 in the walls of the reactor.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

A fluidized bed reactor (1) comprising a reactor chamber (4) having a gas distributor plate (5) for feeding primary air, and a space above said distributor plate (5) is divided into compartments (6) by means of partition walls (7) having discharge openings (9) for feeding secondary air to the circulating bed.

Description

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor comprising a reactor chamber provided with a gas distributor plate, through which plate primary gas is fed into said chamber, and equipment for leading secondary gas to a space above said distributor plate.
Fluidized bed reactor are presently used for many different purposes such as, for example, combustion, gasification, and chemical and metallurgical processes because they are capable of e.g. producing an efficient contact between a gas and material to be handled, high reaction speed, even temperature and good controllability of the process. The bigger the reactors though, the more problematic is the bringing about of stable process conditions and the control of changing process conditions. Big reactors are therefore often constructed in a way disclosed in e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,455, whereby the combustion chamber is divided by a tubular wall into compartments operating side by side, each said compartment being arranged with fuel and air supply systems of its own. In those reactors where, in addition of primary gas fed in through the gas distributor plate, secondary gas is fed to the space above said distributor plate, said operation mostly takes place through openings on the periphery of the combustion chamber. In big reactors where the distance between the wall of the combustion chamber and the center is great, even distribution of the secondary gas throughout the whole cross sectional surface is problematic. In circulating fluidized bed reactors bigger than 50-100 MWe, the feed of secondary gas evenly throughout the bottom of the reactor cannot be accomplished as described above.
An example of a proposal for solving the problem is a method and apparatus for handling a fuel in a fluid bed as disclosed in FI patent application No. 833171, in which the primary gas is fed through holes at the bottom of tubes formed in the grate and the secondary gas fed through ducts running through the grate, said ducts terminating in the openings above said grate. Even distribution of the fluidizing air and the secondary air, however, calls for "excessive" pressure difference if the grate is big.
FI patent application No. 850708 discloses a steam boiler in which a fixed fluidized bed is divided into compartments by means of partition walls. Supply of secondary air is arranged above the compartments in a non-disclosed manner.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution by means of which the secondary gas in big fluidized bed reactors, operating on the principle of a circulating bed, can be fed in at different heights of the reactor and distributed in a desired manner on the cross sectional surface of the reactor.
The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the space above the gas distributor plate of the reactor chamber is divided into compartments by means of partition walls having discharge openings for secondary gas.
The present apparatus is of simple construction and may bring about, for example, the following advantages:
more efficient injection and thus better mixing of the secondary air, which results in more complete combustion and more efficient sulphur removal;
the NOx -reduction is considerably better due to more even distribution of the secondary air;
the pressure difference over the distributor plate is more even, which results in more uniform fluidization.
The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the apparatus according to the invention, and
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional illustration taken along line A--A of FIG. 1.
A circulating fluidized bed reactor 1 receives primary gas, such as air, through inlet openings 3 of air chambers or boxes 2 disposed at the bottom of the reactor 1. The air is then led through a gas distributor plate 5, disposed between a reactor chamber 4 and the air boxes 2, to the bottom of the reactor chamber 4. At the bottom of the reactor chamber 4 and on top of the distributor plate 5, there are partition walls 7, which divide the space above said distributor plate 5 into compartments 6, and said partition walls 7 have ducts 8 leading to discharge openings 9 for the supply of secondary gas such as, for example, air. The partition walls 7 extend to a height 0.5 to 4 m, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 m, above the surface of the distributor plate 5. Secondary air is led into the reactor chamber 4 through the openings 9 in the partition walls 7 and also led through openings 10 in the walls surrounding the combustion chamber. The openings in the partition walls 7 have been arranged to form rows or lines at different heights such as at 0.6 and 2 m, for example. It is possible for openings 9 disposed at different heights in the partition walls 7 to be connected to different ducts 8, and for the ducts 8 to be connected to different air supply sources (as indicated schematically by reference arrows 18 and 19 in FIG. 2) so as to bring about a desired distribution of the secondary air in the vertical direction relative to the reactor. Furthermore, it is possible for the secondary air discharge openings 9 and 10 as well as the air box 2 of each compartment to be connected to air supply systems of their own so that the air supply to different compartments can be separately controlled (also as schematically illustrated by 18 and 19 in FIG. 2).
Fuel is fed into the reactor to the space above the partition walls 7 and solids separated from the flue gases in gas separators 13 are returned to the reactor through openings 11 and 12 in the walls of the reactor.
The invention is not intended to be in any way limited to the embodiment as described in the example, but different modifications and applications are possible without departing from the concept and scope of the invention as claimed in the following claims.

Claims (16)

    What is claimed is: .[.1. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
  1. discharge openings are defined..]. 6. A method of supplying primary and secondary gas to a fluidized bed reactor which has a reactor chamber having a gas distributor plate disposed in the chamber, comprising the steps of:
    (a) feeding primary gas into the reactor chamber through the gas distributor plate;
    (b) separating the space above the gas distributor plate into a plurality of compartments defined by generally vertical walls;
    (c) supplying secondary gas into each of the compartments at different heights along the vertical walls defining the compartments, the gas
  2. initially flowing into the compartments with a horizontal vector. 7. A method as recited in claim 6 wherein step (b) is practiced by providing vertical walls defining the compartments extending to a height of between
  3. 0.6-4 meters. 8. A method as recited in claim 6 wherein step (b) is practiced by providing vertical walls defining the compartments extending
  4. to a height of between 1.5-2.5 meters. 9. A method as recited in claim 6 comprising the further step of separately regulating the feed of secondary gas into the .[∂]. .Iadd.different .Iaddend.compartments.
  5. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate; and
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments, said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.extending to a height between 0.6-4 meters above
  6. the surface of said gas distributor plate. 11. A reactor as recited in claim 10 wherein said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.extend to a height of between 1.5-2.5 meters above the surface of
  7. said gas distributor plate. 12. A reactor as recited in claim 11 wherein said means for defining discharge openings in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.define discharge openings at different heights in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.so that the secondary gas is relatively uniformly distributed in said compartments.
  8. A reactor as recited in claim 12 further comprising means for separately regulating the feed of secondary gas into different compartments defined by said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall
  9. means.Iaddend.. 14. A reactor as recited in claim 10 wherein said means for defining discharge openings in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.define discharge openings at different heights in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.so that the secondary gas
  10. is relatively uniformly distributed in said compartments. 15. A reactor as recited in claim 10 further comprising means for separately regulating the feed of secondary gas into different compartments defined by said
  11. partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means.Iaddend.. 16. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate; and
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments;
    said means for defining discharge openings in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.defining discharge openings at different heights in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.so that the secondary gas is relatively uniformly distributed in said compartments.
  12. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate; and
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall means .Iaddend.for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments;
    said means for defining discharge openings in said .[.discharge walls.]. .Iadd.partition wall means .Iaddend.defining openings .[.in said partition walls.]. at selected heights that open into each compartment defined by the partition wall .Iadd.means .Iaddend.in which said discharge openings
  13. are defined. 18. A reactor as recited in claim 17 further comprising means for separately regulating the feed of secondary gas into different compartments defined by said partition .[.walls.]. .Iadd.wall
  14. means.Iaddend.. 19. A method as recited in claim 7 including preventing
  15. the passage of particles through the vertical walls. .Iadd.20. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate;
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition wall means for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments, said partition wall means and the flow of secondary gas through the openings preventing particles from entering said partition wall means; and
    means for separately regulating the feed of secondary gas into different compartments defined by said partition wall means. .Iaddend. .Iadd.21. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate; and
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition wall means for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments, said partition wall means and the flow of secondary gas through the openings preventing particles from entering said partition wall means, and wherein said means for defining discharge openings in said partition wall means define discharge openings at different heights in said partition wall means so that the secondary gas is relatively
  16. uniformly distributed in said compartments. .Iaddend. .Iadd.22. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate; and
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition wall means for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments, said partition wall means and the flow of secondary gas through the openings preventing particles from entering said partition wall means, and wherein said means defining openings in said partition wall means define openings in said partition wall means at selected heights that open into each compartment defined by the partition wall means in which said discharge openings are defined. .Iaddend. .Iadd.23. A fluidized bed reactor comprising:
    a reactor chamber defined by a peripherally continuous wall;
    a gas distributor plate disposed in said reactor chamber;
    means for supplying primary gas to the reactor chamber through said gas distributor plate; and
    means for providing secondary gas to said reactor chamber above said distributor plate, said means comprising partition wall means which divide the space immediately above the gas distributor plate into compartments, and means defining discharge openings in said partition wall means for the supply of secondary gas through the discharge openings into the compartments, said partition wall means and the flow of secondary gas through the openings preventing particles from entering said partition wall means; and a plurality of secondary gas inlets disposed in and distributed peripherally about said peripherally continuous wall, and a plurality of secondary gas ducts within the interior of said reactor chamber and spaced from said peripherally continuous wall, said secondary gas ducts each having a secondary gas outlet located downstream of said gas distributor plate in said first direction; and
    means for separately regulating the flow of secondary gas to said discharge openings and said secondary gas inlets. .Iaddend.
US07/313,533 1986-04-30 1989-02-22 Fluidized bed reactor Expired - Lifetime USRE33230E (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/313,533 USRE33230E (en) 1986-04-30 1989-02-22 Fluidized bed reactor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI861806A FI84855C (en) 1986-04-30 1986-04-30 Fluidized bed reactor
US07/313,533 USRE33230E (en) 1986-04-30 1989-02-22 Fluidized bed reactor

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US07/044,199 Reissue US4753177A (en) 1986-04-30 1987-04-30 Fluidized bed reactor

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5229064A (en) * 1990-12-27 1993-07-20 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Fluidized bed type preliminary reducing furnace for oxide raw material
US5325823A (en) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-05 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Large scale fluidized bed reactor
US20230022074A1 (en) * 2019-09-05 2023-01-26 Institute Of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Acadamy Of Sciences Pulverized coal boiler with bottom combustor, and control method therefor

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US2053863A (en) * 1935-01-16 1936-09-08 American Eng Co Ltd Stoker furnace
US3736908A (en) * 1971-10-08 1973-06-05 Us Interior System for starting a fluidized bed boiler
GB1395078A (en) * 1971-09-29 1975-05-21 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Control of the temperature of fluidized beds
US4184455A (en) * 1978-04-10 1980-01-22 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed heat exchanger utilizing angularly extending heat exchange tubes
US4257478A (en) * 1979-06-27 1981-03-24 Stal-Laval Apparat Ab Gaseous media heat exchanger
EP0041648A2 (en) * 1980-06-05 1981-12-16 STAL-LAVAL Turbin AB Fluidized bed combustion chamber
DE3027517A1 (en) * 1980-07-19 1982-02-25 Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf Heat exchanger fluidised-bed firing system - has inflow-permitting grate comprising two sets of vertically relatively movable overlapping strips
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