USRE281E - Improvement in smut-machines - Google Patents

Description

J EHU HOLLTNGSVORTH,

PATENT Ormes,

OF zANnsvILIn, OHIO,

IMPROVEMENT IN sMuT-MAOHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 8,061, dated April 22, 19,51; Reissue No. 281, dated october 1o, w54.

To @ZZ whom it may concern: A Beit known that I, J EHU HOLLINGSWORTH, of Zanesville, in the county .of Muskingum andStat-e of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SmutMachines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same', reference bei ng had to the accompanying drawings, making a part thereof, in which-4- Figure 1 representsa front perspective viewn Fig. 2 represents a rear perspective view. Fig. 3 represents a vertical section taken through the chimney, concave, and beater, and `showing the inclined aprons, feeding-hopper, Svc.; and Fig. 4 represents a rear view of the chimney, giving in detail the operation of the aprons that condu'cttl'ie wheat'from s'receiving to its discharging point.

Similar letters refer to like parts. The nature of my invention consists in scour. ing and freeing wheat of smut and other imA` purities by throwing up the grain at every revolution of the beater, and out of the comV cave, against the side oiwface of anvinclined Aor curved chimney, through an opening at or near the top of the concave, and returning thezgrain back into the concave to be Worked over and over again, while thel impurities. are

driyen" out of ,the chimney by thevbl'astio'r cnr.

rent through the machine; a1s o`,1i 1; vcombination with the cylinder'andchimney, the ign-- clined aprons for transferring the grainvfrqm end toend .of the cylinder that .it mayjbe dis.

charged therefrom when thorougly cleaned."

' To enable others skilled in the art tomake' and use my invention, I will proceed to dcscribe the same in conncctionwith the drawi,

1ngs.-

The frame A B -G D, in which the machine is adjusted, may-be made i'n anywell-known substantial manner, and thereon is placed a horizontal hollow cylinder,'E F- GH, which- .f may be made'of wood or iron-"or parts ofbot'h.v The inside' surfacey of said 'cylinder may l be ooated'with.-emery,'which forms av durable y and sharp kBconri11g-surface. --Bothends of said cylinder should have openings in them arf-onnd the shaft, and over these. openingsshould;hey

inch-raum or 1ess) 0f the inner perimetemf rent for carrying up and out of the machine the impurities scoured from the grain may freely pass into the cylinder. A vlarge opens ing is made in said cylinder at "or near the top, which extends along the whole length of thecylinder, orfrom K to L, Figs. 1, 2, and is several inches in width sothat at each revolution of the beaters evrything'in the cylin der, or nearly so, maybe thrown or driven out through said opening, the grainA falling back into the cylinder after its momentum is lost, and the impurities, which are lighter, being carried out of the end chimney, as will be more particulary described hereinafter. Closely tting this open-ing in the concave is `a chimne ,MK LN, ascending inan inclinedc or curin'4 positianif extdiig to any (lesired point. Said chimney is Wider at the bottom than at the top, for concentrating and keeping up thev blast through it with'uniformity, and the Aopening through the concave into the cylinder, at whatever point it may be, should. be tangential, or nearly so, with the interior perimeter of the concave, so thatv the centrifugal force upon the grain may cause it I to pass out freely through said opening, and

then impinge upon the inclined or curved face or side'of the chimney until the force is expended, when'itwill drop back again into the cylinder, the lighter impurities passingbn4 and out of thegtop of the machine or chimney. Through this concave or hollow cylinder passes a shaft, S, which revolves in suitable bearings orA boxes at 'each end-ofthe frame, and on this shaft'inside of the4 heads of thel'cylinder at eachvcnd is secured circhi lariiianges by means lofl straight orcurved radialarms extending from f hub ion said shaft tosaid flanges, these arms leaving an open space all aroundsaidshaft, They are seen in Figs. 1, 2 at theopenl ends of the cylindem Ther@ may be any suitable number ofV beaters, 41 2 .3 4 5 6 7 8, Fig. 3, extending from the flange at one end tothe tlangef'at.

.the other end.v f The beaters maybe from three'i jto four inchesfinwidth, andtheir outer edges when".V in: motion may approach* wit cyl ijnd 1 rJ 'Ehefwidth given to the beaters forythe purpose of cheatingV a blast, andv 1 nuxnbeifffonsconringpurposes. A glass plate, l? Q, Fig. l, may be placed in the front ofthe chimney, so that the operation of the machine may be inspected at all times. A pulley, R, is fastened to the shaft S, over which may pass a band from any iirst mover to give motion to the machine. O is a hopper that conducts the wheat into the machine, and L T, Fig. 2, a spout through which it is discharged out of the machine after it is cleaned.

Iii Fig. 3, AB G'Dis an' end view ofthe cylinder, representing it as open at cr near the top from A to D, and A E F D is an end view of the chimney fitted to thepenin g. A solid,

division orpartition, H I G,'js arranged in the chimney, extending from one side to the other,l and is of a triangular'form, the base H I having the curve ofthe cylinder, andtheside H-Grunningparallel, ornearly-so, to the side D F of the chimney. The line Dl F is obtained by drawing from the point D a line at right, angles to the face of the beaters. The

third side, G I,l extends from a point about one inchl distantfrom A, where the opening vinfthe concave commences, tothe 'point G, so

`that this partition H I G ini-the chimney fills up nearly one-half of the opening. Alhopper,

'0, conducts the wheat into -the cylinder .through the small open space existing between =A, the point at which the concave ends, and the point I, at which the partition'in the chim- 'ney begins. From point G draw a horizontal line, G J,"to the back of the chimney, then J' I G will. represent an area the whole width. of `the chimney, the top 'of said area being some six or eight times larger than the'bottom of it.

\ Suppose the wheat entered in the hopper O. Now, by following the direction'of the arrows, `itwill -be seen Vby the action of the beaters 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S, Fig. 3, that rthe Wheat is driven around the concave to the point- D, where it -isliberated and is thrown by centrifugal action upthe chimney, at right angles to the face of the beaters,.and when its momentum is overcome byits gravity or by its impinging against the inclinedor curved face of the' chimney it -falls on the back of the chimney into into the fva'cant area J -I G, the bottom of which area l co'nductsit again through the small openspace intothe concave, where it `is driven around,

again and passes up the chimney, falls back againthrough the area at the back of the chi mi Iney,andthus continuesunti-l it reaches the disy'charging end. A t each revolution ofthe beaters mnesinut is broken,wheat scoured and driven,

'atthe exact instant it is disengaged, up'and out v .of-the chimney. The wheat, as ,before described,

jfalls back into the concave, but the smut, dust, white-caps, Sie., being lighter than the wheat, are carried by the 'strong blast out of .the top of the chimney. `The same action of beaters which scours the grain will generate a blast suiiicient for carrying up and through the chimney'all the impurities separatedfrom the wheat. The air for said blast enters at the open ends ofthe concave, and the vent being through the chimney causes the machine to generate a powerful blast, while at the same time it acts as a thorough scourer of the wheat, without requiring an increase of power over that required for either of the operations sepe arately. j

IIhe manner of conducting the wheat from the'receiving end of the'machine to its disf charging point is seen in Fig. 3. In the area J I Gis hung a seriesof aprons, U(made ot' iron 'or other-sheet metal-) They are each arranged on a wire or rod, which rests on the top of the partition at G, the opposite end passing through the-back of the chimney at J I 4The apron lls the area J I G, and being hung at the points GJ, are adjustable to any ldesired inclination, as seen in Fig. 4'.

- In Fig. 4, O represents the hopper at which the wheat enters into the cylinder, 'and following the arrows from the point A the wheat is forced/around the concave and up the chimney, and falls into the area upon the first apron U. Now, as before mentioned, this apron is so inclined that when the wheat has reached the bottom of the apron (at which point it again enters the cylinder) it has advanced sev* eral inches, (more or less,) according to the inclination given to the apron. Thusit passes from one apron to the next until it falls on the last one, which, instead of conductingint'o the cylinder,'conveys it into a'spout,'L T, tted to 'the bottom of the last apron U, through Y which spout it is carried out of the machine and toV any desired place.

Smut-mills as heretofore known and constructed areimperfect, not so much, however,

in scouring off the impurities as in discharging them at the moment theyare disengaged, particularly the smut, for if this is allowed to fall back upon the grain afterthe ball is once broken it adheres to the grains with such tenacity as to defy any mechanical ineans heretofore known to disengage it therefrom. By the method which I have adopted, instead of allowing the wheat and impurities to 'come together after they are once separated, or, rather, detached, I cause the whole to be thrown out of the concave, so that. the impurities, which are the lighter, may be carried out by the blast.

or current through the machine, while the grain is returned freed from them for another scouring operation in the concave, and is again `and again thrown out at each and every revo- `lution of the beaters., to allow the blast to carry 0E the impurities as fast as they are detached from the grains; and it may be said of the operation of this machine that it scours the wheat in the concave by a series of repeated operations, while the wholccontents ofthe concave is thrown out of the machine at each and every repeated scouring operation, that the impurities may be separated andcarried oi as fast as they are loosened, and not allowed to return again into the concave.

The striking difference, therefore, between my machine and others heretofore essayed consists in the'thorough and instant discharge of all impurities the moment they are disenated by the same power and means' that scour out ofthe machine, as it were, where the actual gaged, particularly the smut, the large opening in the top of the concave affording an unobstructed and ample Vent to a strong blast that carries out all impurities, the blast-ere:Y

the wheat, making the machine within itself not only a perfect wheat-scourer, but at the same time a most effective and extensive fan.

There is a principle involved in the operA ation of my machine which to the best of myv knowledge .has never-before been known or practiced-viz., that of scouring within a cylinder orfconcave, and throwing the whole mass separation takes place, the impurities passing out and the grain returning back again for a similar operation. Many modifications of thisV principle may be made`such as changing the place for feedingin or for passing out thegrain, altering the size or loca-tion ofthe opening between the concave and chimney, giving to the chimney a greater or less degree of inclination or curvature to guide and direct the grain in its ascent or de scent therein, substituting other contrivan'ce for the aprons for conveying the grain through the concave during the process; i

but all these I claim so long as I do not depart from the generalvelia'racter or organization of mymnviachinef *MHaving thus fully described the nature of my invention, what I claim therein as new, V

and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The manner herein described of scouring and freeing wheat of smut and other impurities by throwing the mass out ot' the concave at each revolution of the beaters, and against the inclined or curved face of a chimney iitted to an opening at or near the' top of the concave, for the purpose of permitting the dust, smut, Snc., to pass out, while the wheat is returned -backinto the machine for a second operation, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the coucave,`the adjustable inclined aprons for conveying the grain th'rough the concave as it is successively returned back into the machine, substantially as described.

JEHU HOLLINGSWORTH.

Vi tn esses: n

WILLIAM BEAUMONT, WILLIAM WILsoN.`

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