USRE22175E - potts - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 8, 1942. M. POTTS SELECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19. 1929 15 Sheets-Sheet 1 N INVENTOR.

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ATTORNEY Sept. 8, 1942. -r5 Re. 22,175

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SELECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1929 15 Sheets-Sheet 9 A TTORNEYJ' Sept. 8, 1942. -rs Re. 22,175

SELECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1929 15 Sheets-Sheet 1O 10!? 0 2 5g INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y Sept. 8, 1942. P s Re. 22,175

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A TTORNEYJ' Sept. 8, 1942. -rs Re. 22,175

SELECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1929 15 Sheets-Sheet 13 1205 INVENTOR.

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SELECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Original Filed Sept. 19, 1929 15 Sheets-Sheet 15 zsrrz 13,2 Ff 'yfj 'INVENTOR. 1562 01/16 1%. 1 0! f6 Reissued Sept. 8, 1942 SELECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Louis M. Potts, Evanston, Ill., assignor to Teletype Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Original No. 2,134,005, dated October 25, 1938,

Serial No. 393,761, September 19, 1929. Application for reissue December 20, 1940, Serial No.

89 Claims.

The present invention relates to selective control systems and apparatus, and more particularly the invention relates to remote control systems and apparatus especially applicable to automatic stock quotation indication, but useful in other relations.

An object of the present invention is to provide novel signalling systems adapted for operation over and in conjunction with existing printing telegraph lines so that eificient methods of transmission may be used without substantial change in or interference with commercial message traf' fic and also so that a new method especially adapted to new demands can also be used and applied to existing systems so that on each circuit the most suitable method of operation can be used.

The specific embodiments of my invention hereinafter set forth are developed in connection with and as improvements on quotation distribution systems of the general type disclosed in my co-pending application Serial Number 333,161 filed January 17, 1929, in which complete cycles of operations each includes the selection of a register, setting up of a quotation on the register, and identification of the type of the quotation and in which each cycle includes successive code combinations all of which may or may not be made up of an equal number of selecting conditions. tation code telegraph channels are designed for equal interval code combination transmission, the systems and apparatus as disclosed in my application Serial No. 333,161 cannot be directly applied to operation over existing telegraph I channels without some modification thereof, unless certain of the impulse periods are not used, and line time is lost.

Since the existing main telegraph printer circuits comprise many multiplex channel transmission lines, another object of my invention is to provide methods and means for operating a quotation indicating system of the general type disclosed in said co-pending application over one or more of the channels of a multiplex telegraph system between geographically remote points.

Still another object of my invention is to provide methods and means for operating a remote indicating system of the character mentioned in which each cycle of operation comprises a predetermined number of code combinations of impulses for operation over standard start-stop telegraph systems Without loss of any impulsing time.

A further object of my invention is to provide However, as existing permumethods and means for utilizing idle impulse intervals in a system of the character described operating over telegraph channels Where the number of impulse intervals available in the telegraph channel is greater than the number of signalling conditions comprising the code combinations utilized.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide signalling methods and apparatus for transmitting a plurality of code combinations over a single telegraph channel during a single channel period.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for adapting a single channel in a multiplex telegraph system for successively selecting code combinations from a plurality of channels of a different type of selective remote control system.

Another object of my invention is to provide methods and means for re-transmitting a plurality of selective code combinations of impulses each received from a different transmission channel over a single telegraph channel.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide methods and means for invariably and automatically controlling the sequence of transmission of successive code combinations of impulses of a complete cycle in a stock quotation remote indicating system Still a further object of my invention is to provide flexible means to adapt a system for transmission of any one of a plurality of diilerent types of code combinations thereover and for readily translating any one type of coding to another type of coding.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide methods and means for synchronizing each revolution of transmitting and receiving distributors and for synchronizing the distributors for each successive cycle comprising a plurality of code combinations of impulses in selective control systems.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide methods and means in a control system of the character mentioned, for distinguishing the beginning of each cycle of code combinations of impulses and the beginning of each of the code combinations constituting a cycle.

Still a further object of my invention is to pro vide novel code combination storing apparatus, transmitting and receiving arrangements for a system of the character mentioned.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for preparing a perforated tape at the receiving end of a system of one type of transmission system and to use this tape to control another type of transmitting circuit.

Still further objects of the present invention will appear hereinafter in the description of the details of the preferred embodiments thereof and are such as may be attained by utilizing the various combinations and sub-combinations hereinafter set forth and as defined by the terms of the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the preferred embodiment of my invention showing the circuit and apparatus employed for perforating a tape in accordance with my special code combination arrangement.

Fig. 2 is a similar view disclosing an alternative arrangement of keyboard perforator.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits and apparatus of the transmitter arrangement employing the tape prepared by the perforator shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a preferred embodiment of the receiver circuits and apparatus associated with the transmitter shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view indicating the timing of the various cams for the form of invention shown in Fig. 4 during the signal intervals for a complete group or cycle of signals.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits and apparatus for a modified transmitting distributing arrangement having a single stop segment and a large number of code combination segments used in connection with a transmitter having a lesser number of transmitting contacts.

Fig. 7 shows a modified form of sequence switch for controlling the order in which code combinations are sent in the preferred embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 8 shows a modified circuit arrangement for the sequence switch shown in Fig. '7.

Fig. 9 shows a small section of the tape prepared on the perforator.

Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a plurality of different types of transmission systems in all of which the phasing is controlled by the index perforations in the tape of Fig. 9 as punched by the perforator in Fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of the multistart printer connected in one of the systems of Fig. 10 with line relay distributors controlling cams both fast and slow and the permutation code bars of a printer suitable for printing in tape form the stock quotation messages.

Fig. 12 is a sectional detail view of a typical type bar and its selector bar associated with the apparatus shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a chart of alphabetical characters, numerical figures and fractions codes.

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic view of a receiving distributor and a perforator for preparing a six unit tape.

Fig. 15 is a diagrammatic view of a giant receiving distributor connected in another of the systems of Fig. 10 arranged to distribute the signal pulses transmitted by the transmitting distributor of Fig. 6 to thirty-four operating magnets.

Fig. 15a is a diagrammatic detail view of a cam and switch assembly which functions in connection with the distributor of Fig. 15.

Fig. 16 shows the code of Fig. 1'7.

Fig. 17 shows a receiving distributor arranged to translate from the code of the transmitter in Fig. 6 into the code of Fig. 16'.

Fig. 18 is a diagrammatic view of a receiving distributor or translator which translates from the code of the transmitter of Fig. 6 into the code of the perforator of Fig. 14.

Fig. 19 shows a conventional transmitter combined with a cam and relay system for a multiplex sending distributor of 35 segments.

Fig. 20 shows a modified receiving distributor for another of the systems of Fig. 10.

Fig. 21 shows a conventional multiplex distributor operating in conjunction with three conventional multiplex transmitters and one specialized multiplex sender.

Fig. 22 is a diagrammatic view of a receiving distributor for a commercial multiplex system in which one channel of five segments is translated into a code suitable for operating a printer.

Fig. 23 is a diagrammatic view of a distributor auxiliary to the multiplex distributor, which distributes the code signals to the 34 operating magnets of the stock quotation board.

Fig. 24 illustrates a manner of connecting generators of opposite potentials.

For purposes of illustration, the invention has been described as applied specifically to a stock quotation system although it will be understood that the invention is equally applicable to any remote control system.

Tape perforator In Fig. l are shown a plurality of letter levers I, one for each of the letters of the alphabet, a plurality of numeral levers 2, one for each of the numerals 0 to 9, a plurality of fraction levers 3, one for each of the fractions A; to V8 and a plurality of designation levers 4 each shown pivotally mounted on a shaft 5 secured to the frame work. Each of the levers I to 4 is provided with a spring 6 one end of which is secured to the rear end of the lever and the other end to the frame work. These spring members 6 normally maintain the levers I to 4 in their upper or non-operated position. The forward end of each of the levers I to 4 extends through an individual slot I in a guiding comb 8 which extends transversely so that a lever I to 4 rocked about shaft 5 moves in a vertical plane within a guide slot I.

Extending underneath the levers I to 4 at right angles thereto are a set of permutation bars 9, 9' and ID. The upper edges of these bars are provided with angular notches II, as shown, arranged in various combinations, and are disposed in operative relation to the lower edges of the levers I to 3 so that upon depression of any one of the key levers I to 3, certain ones of these permutation bars 9, 9' and ID are moved to the left or right as the lower edges of the levers engage them.

The five bars 9 and 9 are normally free to move in either direction and are moved to the right or left depending upon the inclination of the surfaces adjacent the notches II which are engaged by a depressed key. The bars 9 are operated to the right or left by the letter, numeral or fraction key levers, I, 2, and 3. Bar 9' is moved to the right by all letter and number keys and to the left by the fraction keys only.

The permutation bar I0, which corresponds to the 5th code element is normally held to the right by the spring I'I, acting through the armature I3 and notch I5 in bar I0. It may be moved to its left hand position only by letter levers I and also may be operated to the left by armature I3, of an electromagnet I4, which extends into a notch I5 in the lower edge of the permutation bar I9. The bar I is cut away under the number and fraction keys so that the latter may not operate it. The armature I3 is pivoted on the pin I6 and is normally held in non-operated position by action of spring I'I, one end of which is secured to the armature and the other end of which is secured to the frame work. When the magnet I4 is energized as a result of the operation of any one of the index keys 4 as will appear more fully hereinafter, armature I3 rocks to the left about pivot I6 and moves the bar I0 to the left. The sixth bar 9' functions to periodically perforate the tape for phase indication as will be explained. The notches I I in this bar are so cut that it is shifted to the left for perforating the tape only upon operation of a fraction key lever 3.

As will appear hereinafter, the permutation bars 9, 9' and .I0 when in their left position condition the perforator to perforate a tape. Each bar is provided with a notch 2| at its left hand end in which is carried the end of a connecting lever 22. Connecting levers 22 are pivotally mounted on the pin 23 and at their upper ends are provided with ears 24 in which are pivoted at 25, the perforator pin interponents 26. The interponents 26 are guided in a comb 21 carried on the perforator table 28 and are provided with lug projections 29 at their extreme left hand ends.

In operative relation with each of the interponents 28 is an individual perforating pin 3| provided with a movement limiting shoulder 32 and slidably supported in shelf 33 of the perforator block 34. The perforator block 34 comprises in addition to the shelf 33 a die plate 35 and a guide plate 36 between which a tape 31 to be perforated is fed. The die plate and the guide plate are provided with perforator pin holes 38 and a central feed hole 39 through which the i The perforator table 28 is provided with projecting arms 4| pivotally mounted on the shaft 42 about which it is rocked by the solenoid plunger 44 of the solenoid 45 carried on the frame work in any well known manner. As will appear hereinafter, the solenoid 45 is periodically energized to operate the plunger 44 upwardly which in turn rocks the table 28 clockwise about its pivot 42. As the table is rocked the pins 3| which are above the lugs 29 of those levers 26 which have been selectively interposed, will be pushed through the tape making perforations therein. When solenoid 45 is deenergized, a return spring acting upon table 28 restores the latter as well as the solenoid plunger 44 to its normal position.

A bracket 46 is secured to the table 28 and its projection 41 engages one arm of a lever 49 pivotally secured at 5| so that as the bracket 46 reciprocates vertically together with the table 28, the former is oscillated concordantly. Upon its clockwise movement, the lever 49 carrying a spring loaded pawl 53 thrusts the latter rightwardly, causing it to engage the next succeeding tooth of a ratchet wheel 58 mounted on shaft 59. 2 is returned by its spring to its normal position which allows bracket 46 to assume a position whereby the spring loaded pawl moves ratchet wheel 58 to cause, through pin wheel 6| carried by shaft 53, the advancement of tape 31. Since Upon deenergization of magnet 45, table the downward or return movement of bracket 46 through its articulation 41, causes the clockwise motion of lever 49 and through it the feeding movement of pawl lever 53, it will be seen that the tape 31 is advanced after the punches 3| have been withdrawn.

The ratchet wheel 58 is secured to shaft 59 which carries the feed Wheel 6| rotatable therewith. The wheels 58 and 6| have the same number of teeth. The feed wheel 6| is provided with feed teeth 62 which engage with the central feed perforations on the tape. On each step in the rotation of the shaft 59, the tape 31 is moved one step to present a fresh surface for perforation.

At the other end of the shaft 59 is a gear 63 which meshes with the pinion 64 carried on and rotating the sequence switch shaft 65 which carries at its remote end the sequence switch 66 comprising a cam 61 which moves into operative relation with the contacts III to 8| successively for the purpose of controlling the sequence of code transmission.

The contacts I0, II and 12 are connected in multiple over the conductor 83 to a contact 84 in operative relation with contacting member 85. The contact member 85 it will be noted, is carried by an insulating block 86 on the universal bail 89 in operative relation with the lugs 90 on the letter keys I. The universal bail 89 is pivotally mounted on shaft 92 and held against lugs 99 by action of a spring 93. As will be clear, upon the operation of any one of the letter keys I, the lug 90 thereof operates the universal bail 89 about shaft 92 causing the contact 85 to engage contact 84 and extending the negative side of battery over the conductor 83 to contacts I0 to I2.

The opposite terminals of the contacts 18 to I2 are connected in multiple and over the conductor 95 to the perforator solenoid 45 so that when any of the contact pairs 18 to 12 is closed, a circuit is prepared contemplating the operation of a key lever I to energize the solenoid 45.

The conductor 95 is also connected in multiple with the contact pairs 16 to I8, the opposite terminals of which are multipled over the conductor 91 which extends to the contact |8| which in turn is in operative relation with the contacting member I02 carried through the insulating block I83 on the universal bail I04. The universal bail I84 is in operative relation with lugs I85 on the numeral key levers 2. Upon operation of any one of these numeral key levers, the contact member I82 closes with contact ml and extends negative potential to the conductor 91. A circuit is prepared upon the closure of any of the contact pairs I6 to I8 and is then subject to completion upon the operation of a key lever 2. It will be clear, however, that this circuit cannot be complcted except when the cam portion 61 is in position to close one of the contacts I6 to I8 and accordingly the solenoid 45 cannot be operated by the numeral key levers except at a predetermined position in the cycle of operation.

Conductor 95 is also connected to the contact 89, the opposite terminal of which is connected over the conductor III to the contact 2 which is in operative relation with the contacting member ||3 carried through an insulating member I M as in the previous cases by the universal bail I I5 which is operated through the lugs I I6 on the fraction key levers 3. Solenoid 45 however cannot be operated upon depression of any of the fraction keys 3 except when contact 88 is closed by the sequence switch cam 65.

It will be noted further that the contacts 13 to 15 and 19 are connected in multiple over the conductor I26 which extends from the operating magnet I4 of the code bar I as described above. The opposite terminal of the contact 13 extends over the conductor I2I, to the front contact I22 of the relay I23.

The circuit for relay I23 extends over the conductor I24 to the contact I25 of the key lever 4 designating Open quotation. When therefore the Open quotation key lever is closed, negative potential is impressed upon the conductor I24 to energize relay I23. Relay I23 is provided with armatures I26 and I21, armature I26 when in engagement with its front contact providing a locking circuit for the relay I23 through the back contact and armature I21 of the relay I28. Relay I28 is connected over conductor I29 to contact 8|. When the cam 61 between the end of one cycle and beginning of the next cycle closes contact 8|, the circuit for relay I28 is closed. Relay I28 is energized and opens the locking circuit of any relay such as relay I23, the locking circuit of which is completed over armature I21. When however, the relay I28 is deenergized the locking circuit for relay I23 may be completed over armature I26 and its front contact and the back contact of armature I21 to the negative side of battery.

Similar relays I3I, I32 and I33 are connected over conductors I34, I35 and I36 respectively to the contacts I31, I38 and I39 respectively the High, Low and Last designation keys 4. Relays I3I to I33 are energized selectively in accordance with which of these particular designation key levers is operated. These relays I3I to I33 are provided with looking armatures IM to I43 connected in multiple with the locking armature I26 to the back contact of the armature I 21', and are also provided with armatures I44 to I46, the front contacts of which extend over conductors I41 to I49 to contacts 14, 15 and 19 respectively.

At the beginning of a cycle the sequence switch 66 will be in the position shown with cam portion 61 closing the contact 10, the remaining contacts on the sequence switch 66 being open. The circuit for the perforator solenoid 45 including conductor 95 it will be noted, is at this time open at all its multiple contacts on the sequence switch except contact 16 and accordingly the solenoid can be energized only upon the closing of contact 84 connected to conductor 63. Accordingly at this point only the operation of a letter lever I will complete an energizing circuit for the solenoid 45.

In order to transmit a quotation, the operator will successively depress three letter levers I, three numeral levers 2, and a fraction lever 3. If it is necessary to depress any designation or range key lever, it may be done either before or after depressing the letter levers, but must be done before depressing the numeral or fraction levers. Upon the operation of a range designation key lever 4, such as High, a circuit is completed for relay I3I from the negative side of battery through contact I31, conductor I34, relay I3I and positive side of battery. Relay I3I is energized and locks over armature MI and I21 as described above. Its operation however has no effect at this time. Upon the depression of the first letter lever I, the five permutation bars 9 and I0 will be selectively operated to the right or left depending upon the particular letter lever operated in a manner well known in the art. As a result, the individual connecting levers 22 will be selectively rocked about pivot 23 and selectively move pin operating levers 26 to the right or left until their lug portions 29 are under or not under the perforating pins 3|.

The depression of this letter lever I also closes the contacts 85 and B4 completing an energizing circuit for the perforator solenoid 45 from the negative side of battery to the contacts 86 and 84 over conductor 83, contact 16, conductor through the solenoid 45 to the positive side of battery. As a result, the solenoid 45 is energized and operates its plunger 44 upwardly rocking the perforating table 28 about shaft 42 and moving those pins 3I which are in operative engagement with the lugs 29 through the tape 31. As the table is moved upward, the extension portion 41 moves the pawl 53 to engage the succeeding tooth on the feed ratchet wheel 58.

When now the letter lever I is released and the contacts 84 and 85 disengage, the solenoid 45 is deenergized and the operated perforating pins 3| are removed from the tape 31. As the table 28 moves downwardly about its pivot the feed pawl 53 operates the ratchet wheel 58 one step which in turn rotates the shaft 53. The feed wheel accordingly moves the tape 31 one step and a fresh portion of the tape is presented for the next group of code combination characters.

At the same time, the gear 63 rotating the distance of one tooth of the ratchet wheel 58 rotates the pinion 64 in a clockwise direction which in turn rotates the shaft 65, and the sequence switch 66 is rotated so that the cam portion 61 disengages the contact 16 and engages contact 1I, contact 16 is opened and contact H is closed. This however, has no effect at this time inasmuch as no letter lever I is closed. When, however, another letter lever is operated a second energizing circuit will be completed for the perforator solenoid 45 similar to that described in the first case, except that in this instance the circuit will be completed through closed contact 1I. It will be noted that this circuit for the solenoid 45 will not be energized unless the second key lever to be operated is of the class of key levers I.

The operations will be similar to that described in the above cycle of operation, the perforations being in accordance with the particular key lever operated and the tape being fed to a succeeding position immediately after a. perforating operation as in the above case. The sequence switch 66 will thereupon be rotated to close contact 12. At this position a circuit for the solenoid 45 can only be completed upon the operation of a letter lever I.

The sequence switch 66 following the release of the third letter key lever I and the deenergization of solenoid 45 is rotated one step opening the contact pair 12 and closing contact pairs 13 and 16. The circuit for solenoid 45 then extends through the contact 16 over conductor 91 to the contact IIJI which engages contact I62 under control of the numeral key levers 2. This circuit, it will be noted, is multipled over the succeeding two contacts 11 and 18 on the sequence switch 66 and accordingly unless the next three levers to be operated are numeral levers, no code perforations can take place.

Assuming however that one of the key levers 2 is closed, four of the permutation bars 9 which are in operative relation therewith are operated to in turn move the levers 26 carrying lugs 29 in operative relation with the perforating pins 3I Simultaneously the solenoid 45 is energized perforating the tape in accordance with the setting of the code bars. Upon the release of the operated lever 2, the solenoid 45 is deenergized stepping the tape as described above and stepping the sequence switch to the next succeeding position. This cycle of operation is thereupon repeated while the cam portion 61 of the sequence switch 66 successively closes the contacts 1! and 18.

After the perforation of the three code combinations for each of the three numeral levers 2 which are successively operated, the sequence switch 66 is in a position at which contact pair 80 is closed and the circuit for the perforating solenoid 45 is completed over the conductor III extending to the contact II2 controlled by the fraction key levers 3 and accordingly unless one of the fraction key levers 3 is operated at this time, no circuit can be completed for the solenoid 45. As now apparent from the above, the perforating mechanism can not function unless the levers are operated in a predetermined sequence.

During the period while the sequence switch cam portion 61 is moving over the last four contacts mentioned, it will be noted that in addition to the contacts I6 to I8 and 80 which are operated for closing circuits for the perforator solenoid 45, contacts I3 to I and I9 are also operated, one contact of each of these being connected in multiple over conductor I to the magnet I4 and the opposite contacts being individually connected over conductors I2I, I41, I48 and I49 to the front contact of armatures I21, I44, I and I46 of the relays I23, I3I, I32 and I33 respectively.

Depending therefore upon which if any of these relays I23, I3I to I33 has been energized in accordance with the particular designation key which has been closed, as described above, a circuit will be completed for the magnet I4 with the sequence switch closing one of the contact pairs I3 to 15 and I9. In the above case, it has been assumed that the High designating key 4 was operated and accordingly that relay I3I was energized. Relay I3I it will be noted extends negative battery over the armature I44 at its front contact to conductor I4I which extends to the contact pair I4. When the sequence switch reaches the contact pair I4, an energizing circuit is completed for the magnet I4 which upon energization rocks its armature I3 and through engagement with notch I5 moves the permutation bar I0 to the left and a perforation on the tape in accordance with this code bar will accordingly be made. As will be described in connection with the transmitter and receiver, this particular perforation will vary the code combination of transverse row of holes containing a numeral code to indicate the index of quotations, it being recalled that normally only the four code bars 9 are operated by the numeral key levers and three by the fraction key levers. Thus for example had the fifth perforation occurred during the perforation of the first numeral code combination the designation would be for an Open quotation. In the present case the fifth perforation occurs simultaneously with the perforation of the second numeral and the index designation is High.

It will also be noted that upon the operation of a fraction key lever 3, the code bars are operated as in the case of the numeral levers 2 and in addition, a sixth bar 9 is operated to the left to make a sixth perforation for the purpose to be described hereinafter. This completes a cycle of operation and the sequence switch cam 61 moves from contact to contact III. In making this last step, contact 8| is momentarily closed to energize relay I28 cover conductor I29. Relay I28 energizes and opens the locking circuit of any one relay I23 to I33 which has been energized and locked in the previous cycle and the apparatus is now in condition to repeat the above cycle of operations.

In the event that this order is not maintained the perforating solenoid 45 which controls the operations which produce the perforations in tape 31 is not energized and accordingly no further operations can occur, the apparatus merely remaining in a non-operated condition until the proper key levers are depressed.

In the above, a perforator arrangement has been described which requires that key lever operation be executed in a predetermined sequence, the levers controlling the perforations being arranged in groups. It will be clear that the same principle may be applied to the operation by these perforating controller levers of contactors directly connected to a signalling line so that code combinations of signals are transmitted over a line in predetermined sequence just as in the present case perforations on a tape are made in predetermined sequence.

Although the designation or range key levers are shown to energize the individual relays I23, I3I to I33, it will be evident that they can also be arranged to energize various combinations of these in the event that a greater number of code combinations is desired to be transmitted.

Although a sequence switch 66 with a cam 61 is here shown and described, it will be clear that this is merely by way of illustration and that any other form of switch which successively closes contacts such as the standard telephone switch may if desired be substituted therefor.

The tape 31 perforated in the above manner comprises groups of perforations, the first three successive cross perforations representing letter codes, the next three representing numbers and the last one representing fractions. There will also be included in the group of perforations corresponding to figures and fractions, the designation code combination which is represented by the presence of a fifth perforation in addition to the regular figures combination.

Associated with the fraction perforations there is perforated in every case, a sixth hole which is not perforated in any other position. This perforation does not control the transmission of a code combination signal as do the other perforations, but it may control the polarity of the start and stop signal pulse and so may establish and maintain the correct phase relation between the transmitting and the receiving apparatus.

By comparing the code bar 9' with the general class of code bars 9, it will be noted that whereas the general class of code bars is provided with an apparent irregular distribution of inclined cam projections to cooperate with the key levers I, 2, and 3, the code bar 9' has instead two groups of projections with the projections of each group similarly inclined and differing from those of the other group. The projections lying beneath the fractions key levers 3 are inclined so that the depression of one of these key levers moves the code bar 9' to the left, Fig. 1, while the projections occurring beneath the key lever classes I and 2 are inclined so that upon the depression of any of these key levers, code bar 9 is moved

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