USRE213E - Improvement in the gearing of a seed-planter - Google Patents

Description

M. J. HUNT.l

I Grain-Drill.

Reissued Mar 30, 1852 UNITED I STATES MARSHALL J. HUNT, or

RIs'ING sUN, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE GEARING OF A SEED-PLANTER.

Specification forming partof Leiters Iatcnt No. 8,138, dated June 3, 1551; Reissue No. .I3, dated March 30J 1852. i

of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Seed-Planters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making part of the same, in which- Figure l represents the rear end of the planter; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, an end view with the wheels removed; Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, andll, detailed drawings of the several 'pieces constituting the feeding apparatus, and which are represented as about the full size for a working-machine.

Similar letters in the several figure sent the same parts.

In the use of a reciprocating seeding-bar in the hopper of seed-planters, it has been found that upon side hills or rough ground the cells heretofore in use make irregular or bunch sowing, from the fact that the cells do not throw the same quantity on the uphill that they do on the downhill stroke of the bar. The communication also between the cells and reprethe seeding-tube being intermittent, as the y almost entire loss of the grain.

The 'nature of my invention consists in substituting for the cells a long slot in the seeding-bar, which slides over a stationary plate in the bottom of the hopper, and which plate is provided with lugs projecting upward and placed immediately at the edge of the opening into the seed-tubes, so that the grain is forced over saidlugs by the slotted bar, said lugs presenting a uniform resistance to the passing out of the grain, though at the same time allowing it to be forced out by the movement of the bar. This arrangement admits of .distributing the same amount on the up as it does on the down stroke of the bar on sidelong ground, and if on rough ground the machine should strike against a stone or receive irregularly. In a word, the communication between the hopper and the seed-tubes is alpends entirely upon'the motion of the seedbar and the stationary lug.

Another feature of my invention consistsin the manner of giving motion to the feeding apparatus and regulating or adjusting the quantity of seed tobe sown.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and construct my machine, I shall proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings. A

On a frame, A, of common construction, which is secured to the axle by theboXes C, Iarrange the seed-box B, made in the usual manner. In the bottom of said seed-box yis a round hole, a, (shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3,) and corresponding in size with the hole in the plate D, Fig. 8, through which the grain passes to the seed-tubes E, and which said tubes are open in the rear to enable the operator to see whether the machine is feeding regularly and in proper quantities.

On the bottom of the seed-box, and let into it liush by a mortise, I arrange the cast-iron plate D, secured firmly in place by screws. On this plate is cast the lugs b b, the sides of which next the grain-receiver may be either in a regular inclined plane or slightly convex, the opposite sides sloping slightly toward the opening in the bottom of the seed-box, for purposes to be hereinafter described.

On top of the plate D, I place the longitudeither in one piece or in sections, and secured to each other by screws passing through halflaps in the ends of each section, the slot in said bar being just wide enough to span the lugs b b and move freely back and forth past the same, and of suitable length to form the sides and one end of the grain-receivers, the inclined sides of the lugs forming the fourth side, but not rising to the full height of the upper surface of said plate D. This prevents the grain from spilling out of the receiver when thrown any sudden jar, the stationary lug prevents the grain from being thrown from the machine ways open; but the quantity to pass out de-y inal slotted bar F, also made of cast-iron,

into the seed-box, or when the seeder is turny ary, and entirely doing away with brushes orl similar devices-for holding the grain in the box when not sowing. rlhe slotted bar, it has been found in practice, gives amore regular and continuous feed than the cells heretofore used in said bars, for the cells are intermittent in their communication with the seeding-tubes, while the slots are continuous. Besides, in the use of the cells on side hills, it is found that the uphillmotion does not distribute the same amount of grain with the downhill motion, and consequently irregular or bunch planting is the result. W'ith the long slots in the seeding-bar and the lugs on the bar below it, a continuous and more regular feed is had either on side hills or rough ground. On rough ground with the cells, if the planter should strike a stone,the moment the communication is opened between the seeding-bar and the tube the grain is; immediately thrown out. By my arrangement the resistance to the grain from passing out is always the same.

(Dverthe slotted bar F is placed the ca-p G, also of cast-iron, and through which said bar F slides freely when the machine is sowing. 0n the under side of said cap G is a concave recess, (shown bydotted lines at c c, Fig. 5,) which spans the lugs b b, leaving/a space between the top of the lug and the concave for the grain to be forced out of the receiver, as theslotted bar F (forming part of the receiving chamber) is moved back and forth. Through the top of this cap G there is aholfe, over which is placed a tight vtin cover, X, Fig. 9, and which can be easily removed in case the machine should become choked by straw or other material and be cleaned. The grain, be-

ing forced out of the receiver by the sliding ofV the slotted bar aforesaid, falls th roughthe hole Fig 3.into 4the seed-tubes E E E, which pass through iron shoes H H H, cast iny thek usual manner, and conduct the grain into the furrows made by said shoes, the earthclosing over the grain thus sown. One of the wheels is made fast to the. axle, so as to causethe axleto rotate with the wheel, for the purposeof communicating motion tothe seedingapparatus, the other being loose, as in the usual manner of hangingwheels. On one end of said l axleI arrange acogged wheel, J, which meshes into-a spur-wheel, e, (shown by dottedilines in Fig. 3,) and which said spur-wheelhas its bearings on the longitudinal pieces of the frame. Tot-his spur-wheel eis attached along crank, f, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2,) on which crank a pitman, g, is soattached as to move freely-from one end of the said crank to the other for Vthe purpose'of adjusting the feedof the machine, as will be hereinafter described.

0n the rear side of the seed-box is a double bolt, h, which slides in two clips, it', and is heldZ sufficiently tight by the clips, so as to be moved only by a slight stroke with a hammer. Framed into this double bolt is a perpendicular arm, la, slotted in the lower end, so as to.u come astride of the pitman cf before described. The pitman g has cut on its lower side a gain or open mortise, which, when the machine is in operation, rests over the armm and causes said arm to vibrate with the motion of. said pitman. The arm m is let into an upright rock-shaftm, (by a mortise and tenon,) which has its bearings in boxes attached to the frame of the mach.ine,as shown at o o, and in the same upright shaft, n, is an arm, p, Fig.

1, and also shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2,

which is set at right angles with the arm on, and is secured by means of an oblong slot, q, to the head of a vpin which passes through the bottom of the seed-box, and is secured to the slotted bar F in the inside of the seed-box, for the purpose of giving motion to said bar F. As the pitman g is operated by the longy crank f, it vibrates the arm m, and bymeans of the rock'shaft,into which it is framed, communicates a vibratory motion to the slotted' bar F by means of the arm p and pin by which they are attached, and thus forces out the grain from the receivers before described in regular quantities into the seed-tubes, and. thence into the openings in the ground made by the point of the shoe H,as before described. Extending across the longitudinal timbers of the frame of the machine in its rearfis abar, K, having its bea-rings upon journals resting in said timbers, to which said bar K the shoes H are attached by means of strap L, which straps are attached by rings to the shoe, and by a pin or hook to the barK.` OnV one end of the bar K is a lever, M, which, when the ,l .machine-is in operation hangs down, as shown by the black lines in Fig. 3, andwhenv thrown 'out ofgear is raised up and secured by a catch, 1', projecting from the seed-box, as

shown by red lines in the same-figure. Byturning the barK upon its journals by means of the said lever M, it raises the shoes up out of the ground, and at the same time lifts the `pitman g off from the arm mv and stopsl the seeding apparatus, as is fully shown by the f redlines in Fig. 3. The feed motion is changed by driving the double bolt h backward or forward', whichcarries the pitman-g with it, and byY means of the long crank f before'described, and' upon which the pitman travels, changes the motion of the arm m, and consequentlythemotion of the slotted'bar F, which forces the seed out of the seed-receiver, as beforedescribed.l When the pitman is moved at the rear end, the opposite end also moves on the long crank, and preserves its parallelism at all times, and making ya regularand continuous motion.

The shoes H, &c., are attached to themachine by means ofthe straps L before described, on the rear, which allows them toenter the ground the proper distance to open the furrow for the seed, and by arms- N5 in front, which are attached to said shoesbyftwo pins, and extend to the front of the frame, where said arms are hinged. Of the ytwopins which secure the arms N to the shoes, the upper is of iron and the lower one of wood, so

that when the shoe strikes against any unyielding substance the wooden pin will break and the shoe swing back on the iron pin,which prevents :it from falling out of place and saves the parts from being otherwise injured. The shoe is easily swung back in placeI and another wooden piu inserted, of which a supply is always carried in the machine.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with the `slotted sliding seed-bar F, the stationary lugs b b on theplate D, and the concave c c on the cap G G, the

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