USRE1757E - Improvement in harvesters - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Y WM. N. WHITELEY, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, ASSIGNEE vOF ABNER WHITE- LEY, OF SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN HARVESTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,

769, dated April 2-I, 1855; Reissue No. 1,757, dated August 30, 1864.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that ABNER WHITELEY, of Sprin'glield, in the county of Clarke and State of Ohio, invented several new and useful Improvements in Grain and Grass Harvesters; and Ido hereby decl-.ire that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters marked thereon, making a part of this' specification, in whichl Figure 1 is a. perspective view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a view of a portion ot' the reel, showing the attachment of the rake thereto. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are sectional views ot' the axle ofthe reel andof the manner of preventing the rake from removing the gavel when not made large enough at one revolution of the rake. Fig. 8 is an external view of the inner side of the machine. Fig. 9 is a plan view and a section of the cutter. Fig. l0 is a pian view of the crankshaft, the pittnan, its connection to the crank and also to the cutter-bar, and the peculiar manner of keeeping it in connection withV the cutter-bar. Fig. 11 is a plan view of one of the spring-guides for the rake. Fig. 12 is an in'- ternal view of the outer side ot' the machine. Fig. 13 is a bottom lplan view of the divider, grain-wheel, guard-lingers, cutters, &c. big. 14 is side and end views of the cutters sheath. Fig. 15 is side views of the lower and upper guard-fingers. Fig. 16 is an elevation showing the position of the grain-wheel in respect to the platte of the platl'orm. Fig. 17 is a side view of the cutter on the divider detached therefrom.` Fig. 18 is a section illustrating the manner of attaching the driving-pulley of the reel to the axle of the driving-wheel, so as to have the pulleys shaft parallel with the reelshaft when the wheels axle is not parallel therewith. Fig. 19 shows one of the hooks for the reel-belt.

The nature of that part of saidinvention which is claimed under this patent, and the objects designed to be'accoinplished thereby, will best be understood from the following description of the several parts and their connections with each other.

To enable others skilled in the art to make i e e e e e e e e e e e e e e ee e Yside,

ports of the machine, the frame of which is composed f and use said invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

That side of the machine which is at the left when behind and facing it I call its inner and that side at the rightits outer side. That end of the linger-bar, platform-support, and reel-shaft which is'connected to the inner side of the machine I call the inner end, and that end ot'.each of said parts which is conY neeted to the outer side of the machine I call the outer end.

A is the ground and driving wheel. B B are the side pieces of the main fratrie which surround this wheel, and which frame is sustained by the axle C, which revolvesin the boxes a and b, secured to this frame. The cntters drivin g-gears A', A", A3, anti At are secured to the main frame by their shafts and boxes,

and are of the ordinary kind, except that the cog-wheels Aa and A4 are so shaped as to have the crank-shaft C lie and work properly at an angle to the vertical plane of A. The driving-pulley D of the reel driven by the outer end of the axle therewith, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 18 of the drawings, where the extended part of the box b is formed into an axle, b', parallel with the tinger-bar and reelshaft. 0n this shaft b the pulley D is made to revolve yby means of a cluteh-pii1,d, being passedthrough the axle C, where its vertical center crosses that of the vertical center of b' and its the slot in the pulley D, in which it works.v The inner end of the finger-bar E, (to which bar is secured thecutting apparatus,) and that of the beam, which,together with other framing thereby sustained, supports the platform F, is connected to the main frame in such a manner as to be oblique to the main frame,.butat .right angles to the cutters driving crankshaft c, as seen in Fig. 2 of the drawings. To the outer end of the iinger-bar anti the beam which supthe platform F is secured the outer side of the divider G, the postH, the braces I, J, K, andvL, as shown in Fig. 12 of the drawings. The cutter c' ou `the brace T or nose ofthe divider is for cutting through the vines and tangled grain which lie across its path.

U, has a peculiar connection e en are the guardn when in outward. vider G, through which the slot is made, in

lingers, a side view of a bottom one, marked 2, and a top one, marked 1, of which is seen in Fig. 15 of the drawings, and between the outer ol'said lingers and the divider is a longer one, e', which stands at right angles to the linger-bar (whilethe other fingers are parallel to the machines o't' the crop cut between the outer linger and the divider into two parcels, and so that that part ofthe crop which stood next. to that portion left standing may be cut a more uniform distance from the ground than it could be were this extra lingernot used, and which extraoger need not be used unless desired. The upper one of said regular fingers, as will be seen at Fig. l5, has a shoulder in rear of the cutterhar, against every alternate one ofwhich-shoulders `the cutter-bar always bears, but changes that bea ring from one to another ol' these shoulders every time the cutter-bar is moved inward or outward the length of its reciprocation, so as to let anyclogging mattei' drop out below which has passed back over the cutter, the open spaces between the cutter-bar and the lingerbar, over the lingers ways permitting the clogging matter to pass y away fromY the cutter-bar, and thus the cutters and cutter-bar are freed from the injurious effects of clogging matter remaining between them and the lingers.

ffffffffffffff/fffff are the sections of which the cutteris torined,thesamein numbertexcept the odd linger) as the lingers and divider, ot' the saine length ou the bar as the points or centers of the lingers are from each other, and' secured to a cutter-bar, g, whose outer etid terminates with the outersection of the cutter, and thus forms what l term,ashort cutter. ed its outer end will be drawn farther inward its inner reciprocation than those parts of the divider against which thefcrop is cut, and thereby will allow the uncut crop to pass back ofthe cutting part ofthe outer edge of the cutter and prevent orilnpedc its return To obviate this difficulty the diwhich said outer edge of the cutter works, is placed so far inward that the outer| end of the cutter (when in its inner reciprocation)- will not bedrawn outofsaid slot in the divider,and those parts ot' it against which the erop is cut cnt away,as seen in Fig. 13, so much that there will be about the saine space between said parts of the divider and the regular nger next to them as'there is between two ofthe fingers, and so much as to make the upper of those parts against which the crop is cut of' less width than one-half the length of a section of the cutter, and be what I term a narrow divider, so that the grain-wheel may be placed the nearer to the end of said short cutter when said wheels plane is opposite the end of said cutter, and thereby save ruiming the point of the divider out so vfar for bringing the grain in front of the grain-wheel into the cutters,

and which bringing in of said grain (in front path) for separating that partV under the cutter-bar, al

By having the cutter thus construct` of the grain-wheel) causes it to be cut farther from the ground than that part of it cut by any other of the cutters.

To prevent the wood from wearing away where the outer end ot' the cutter-bar works in the mortise in thedividers sill, a metal sheath, y', (seen in Fig. 14,) is inserted into said mortise, and extended as far inward as the outer end ofthe cutter-bar is drawn when in its inner reciprocation.

On account ofthe finger-bar E being oblique to the machines path and the guard-fingers e parallel therewith, it is necessary so to vary the angles ofjthe right and left cutting parts of each section of the cutter as to make eachV cutting-edgeof the cutterthesamc angle to the edges ot' the lingers, and it is also necessary when the cutters are to be used with guardlingers which have every alternate one above, whilethe others are below,the cutter to make the sections ofthe cuttersin pairs-thatis, to bevel the adjoining edges of each adjoining section the same way, so that each adjoining edge of two sections will shear against theinger whichk they are reciprocated across,whether below or above the cutter.

In order toniaintain the advantages gained by serrating the cutting parts ofthe cutter, and at the saine time .retain the principle of grinding the bevel side of said cutting parts and maintaining a close shear-edge, the sections of the cutter are either swaged down on the [iat side so much that the chisel will but raise the highest parts ol'- the serrations'to the height or thickness that the section was before being serrated, or, if more, grind them down to the sections thickness, or cut Athe serrations with a sharp chisel snfliciently deep to remain of adequate depth when the parts raised thereby are ground down to the sections thickness, so that the serra'ed parts ofl the sections will not bear more against the lingers than the smooth parts do.

h is a gnideway, as seen at Figs. 8 and 10, in which the inner end or heel of the cutterbar slides, and with a part thereof in front of the connection of the pitinan with the cutter,- bar for holding said parts in connection with each other and in a better manner than they can be held by a key passed through the end of the pitmau after in the hole iu the cutterbar, as said key is liable to be lost or wear out, and thus let the piimau out of the cutter-bar, so as to be broken.

The grain-wheel M has its connection to the post H made by a liat bar of iron having a lseries of large holes and a series of small ones holes having screwe cut therein, the large threads made in them and conlining the bar to the post in such ay manner that a plane vertical with the'grainwheels axle will passabout through the vertical center of the masterwheel,making a hollowaxle with a broad col! end, out of which projects a lar on its inner small stud, which will lit one of the smaller holes in the iron bar, and passing a joint-bolt through alarge washer and then through said axle (after the wheel is on it) into one of the larger holes (when the stud is in one ofthe smaller holes,) and screwing it up tight. By this means of attaching the grain-wheel tothe divider it isvery quickly attached,orthe height ofthe cutting apparatus at that end changed. By placing the grain-wheel axle substantially in the same vertical plane with thecuttersas seen in Fig. 12 of the drawings, the stubble will be cut of a much more uniform distance from the ground at the outer end ot' the cutting apparatus, where the surface is rougit or undulating, than when said wheel Pis placed difierently,as the wheel and cutting appa: atus always rise and fall together; and, also, the entire machine is better balanced by thus placing the grain-wheel axle, but particularly the divider side, and the tingers are carried in a much more rigid position than they can be.

when the grain-wheels axle is in rear of the finger-bar. By having the grain-wheel connected to the divider at the end ot' the cutter, as shown. and the cutter of the length hereinbefore stated, and they divider of the width stated wherethe cutter is reciprocated throughr it, the point of the divider requires to be set ont a less distance than with any other arrangementof cutting apparatus which had the grain-wheel opposite the end of the cutter previous to the aforesaid invention, and the grainwheelfs tread within the space cleared by the point ot' the divider, so as not to run on the standing grain, and thereby the crop cut between said divider and regular finger next to it will be cut much nearer the same distance troni the ground of that cnt against the 'other finger-sor the inner edge of this one (even when the'extra finger is not used) than it can be by any other arrangenlent of parts which preceded the aforesaid invention.

.N N are the shafts, between which Athe rear horse is harnessed to the machine, and with a cross-piece at their frottt end, in which is a hook, by which the front horse draws.

O 0 is an angular frame attached to B. 0 O' is another frame of the same shape attached to B. On the upper part of these frames is secured the drivers seat P, and at the proper distance below it, between 0 and O', is secured the drivers foot-board Q, the front end of which is secured to the upright R., which has its lower end secured to the'beatn B, and the inner end ot' the reel-shaftS, which is parallel with the finger-bar, sustained by its upper end, while the outer end of S is sustained' by J. From this shaft S are extended, at about right angles thereto, three pairs of arms, each pair from a diii'erent side, as ordinary reels have them, with a fan or gatherer on each pair for gathering and pressing the standing crop back tothe cutting apparatus, while from the fourth side of the shaft S, as seen in Figs. 2, 3, and 12 ofthe drawings, are extended out in an cblique direction thereto two arms, s s, which serve as cranks for driving the rake r, and have on their outer ends the fan or gatherer l, which also serves as a wrist-pin for the cranks pass around them. The ends of this belt are connected together by hooks k, a side view of one of which is seen at Fig. 19 of thc drawings.

\V is the chute at the outer rear corner of the platform and rear of theouter sideof the machine. By having/this chute so constructed and connected to the outer rear corner of the platt'orm and outer side of the machine as to form parts thereof, as shown at Figs. 1, 2, and

1270i' the drawings, thatpart of'the gavels' cnt by the outer end of the cutting apparatus will be carried farther before reaching the ground or stubble than that part ot' them cut by the inner end of said apparatus, and so far inward as to be ont of the road ofl the horses and machine when cutting the next round.

X is a guide for the inner edge of the gavels. By having this guide connected to the inner side of the machine, as shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, the width ot' the gavels is narrowed so much that they are bound with less labor than they could be were they not so narrowed as they arc removed head foremost from the cutting apparatus over the platform.

X is thebrace, to the front end of which is connectedv the rakes inner guide, which, togather with the outer one, X2, guides the rake r in itsl downward and backward movement through the standing grain, and backward over the-platform after being drawn forward t'rom where it is seen in Fig. `12 of the drawings. until it leaves the gavels after 'having passed them head foremost over and oi the platform.

Y and Y' are'the spring-guides, which may be made either of metal or wood, and so attached to the side framing ot' the machineas to spring apart as the rake is moved backward between them, and inwardagain when it is in rear of them, so as to carry it upward and forward again to the position shown in Fig. 12 of the drawings.

By having the platform, reel, and automatic rake constructed and combined as herein shown and described, the rake is driven by the reel-shat't, is carried around with the reel, enters the standing crop in front of the cutting apparatus, and presses the crop backward thereto, and removes the gavels head foremost overthe platform, out of the road of the horses and machine when cutting the nextround.

Thejust-described arrangement of platform,

reel, and automatic rake,atthough very essential and useful in a harvesting machine, is lacking in. one very essential element-thatof a shipping mechanism for the rake, which enables the attendent to change the frequency of the gavels removal, so as to make them 0f the proper size.

grain is thin titan f latch i", which is much as to preventthe rake from reachingand For supplying aharvester having the herein just described advantages with a shipping mechanism, which enables the attendant to have the rake so held as to remove the gavels from the platform less frequently where the where it is thick ou the ground, an'd thereby makethe gavels of a more uniform size than they would be were nosuch shipping mechanism used, the rear end ofthe knee-lever VZ was inserted through a lnortisein the board z, which forms a fulcrntn for Z, on whose front was placed the cone z', as seen itl Fig. 2 ofthe dra-wings, which the attendantby the aid of the knee lever pushes outward, so as to force the outer and bent end of the rakepivoted. at s to S', out so the followingr down guides X and X2, the

: sliding pin g b v its own weight sliding outand holding the rake from swinging out in the other direction until so high as notto interfere with the falling grain. lherale will be held in this manner until a gave] of the desired size will be formed bythe time the rake reaches the butts ofthe gavel, at which time the latch is unlatched by pressing the knee-lever in the opposite direction untill the rake is let loose to assume its regular motion.

The aforesaid machine, although having an automatic rake driven by the reel-shalt and removing the gavels head foremost over the platform out of the road of the vhorses and machine when cutting the next round, lacked a shipping mechanism t'or the reel, which enables the attendant to stop both the reel and the rake when the machine is being moved from place to place. To obviate this defectin said machine the lever D' hadV its forked and lower end so curved as to fit into the groove d iu the pulley D, and thet'ulcrum in the drivers foot board near its outer edge, so that hecould take hold ot'. the upper end of said lever and Athrow the slot in the pulley D off its clntchpin d when he desires to stop the motion of the reel and onto itvagain when he wishes to start the reel in lnotion.

G is a gather-board or compressor, which guides the inner portion ot' the standing crop into the cutters when the machine is driven too far into the grain.

H' is a scraper, which removes the butts of the gavels out of the road of the machine ,l when it is driven too far from the t grain.

' following parts standing Fromv the description given ofthe aforesaid invention itis believed that any one familiar with the use of harvesters will be enabled to` construct and use it.,

What I claim under this patent as the invention of the aforesaid ABNER WHITELEY is- 1. The combination of the narrow divider, short cutter, and grain-wheel,arranged and operating substantially as herein described, for the purposes specified.

2. The combination of the narrow divider', short cutter, grain-wheel, and its adjusting mechanism, arranged and operating substantially as herein described, for the purposes specified. y

The combination of the hereindescribed platform, reel, and automatic rake, or an equivaient of this combination, for the purposes specified.

V4. The combination of the herein-described platform, reel, automatic rake, and counterbalance for the rake, 0r an equivalent of this conlbination, tor the purposes specified.

5. The combination otl the hereindescribed platform, reel, automatic rake, gni/des which guide and keep the rake in its proper path, or an equivalent of this combination.

6. The combination of the herein-described platform, reel, automatic rake, and shipping mechanism for the rake, or an equivalent of this combination, for the purposes specified.

7. The combination of the herein described platform, reel, automatic rake, and shipping Jmechanism for the reel, or an equivalent combi'nation, for the purposes specitied.

8. The combination or arrangement of the or elements in a harvester: the narrow divider, the short cutter, the grain- Wheelat its end, the platform` the reel, and the automatic rake, cul: the grain in the best manner, remove the gavels in the best manner, and deposit them at the best place by one continuous automatic operation.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in presence of two Witnesses.

' WM. N. WHITELEY.

Witnesses:

DANI.. ROWLAND, JOSEPH SYKns.

herein described, so as. to

Images