USRE15869E - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

E, G HODGES IR.

CARBURETOR Original Filed July 5. 1918 INVENTOR. Edward E.I-1:: dqas BY v D TORNEY.

-40 when the engine is operatin Reieeued Julyl, 1924.

UNITED STATES I Re. 15,869

nnwann a. nonens, or mnwanm, WISCONSIN.-

GABBURETOB.

Original Io. 1,330,094, dated Iebrnary a, 1920', Serial No. 243,192, filed m a, 1910. Application to:

' relnne filed October 12, 1921. Serial Io. 607,868. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 'IfEnwARn G; Honors, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Milwaukee in the county of Milwaukee and 6 State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Im rovements in Carburetors, of which the ollowing is. a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in carburetors for in- 10 ternal combustion engines, and has for one.

of its objects to provide a carburetor of the type in which the fuel content of the combustible mixture increases as the load 'on the engine increases and decreases as the load onthe engine decreases, the engine being sup-- plied as near as possible aconstant volume of air andthe quantity of'fuel mixed withthe air being varied in coordination with the load on'the engine. The usual practice in overning or controlling an engine operate at varying speeds and loads-is to supply the engine as near as possible with" a constant proportion of fuel; in relation to air, the volume of which is 5 varied according to theeng ne load. In some cases, it is sought to supp y the engine a greater proportion offu'el .inrelation to airwhen, the engine load condition is lighter than that sup lied when theengine is operatin under a eavy load condition. 's situation is true in practically all carburetors now in general use on engines that necessarily operate at all variations in 'sgeed and load conditions as a very small as v lume of air and ,aicomparatively rich proportion of fuel constitute the combustible mixturetfor the light and no load conditions.

In automotivevehicleathe no-load condition exists during a large portion of the time as at high speed with the-throttle valve close as in the case when the vehicle is drifting' Under this condition each en 'ne charge is highly impre nated with inc and poor combustion resu ts .46 due to the fuel and air being. poorl atom-' ized and'on account of the very smal charge andconsequent low compression.

Consequently,. under no-load condition,

considerable damage results, there is a comload condition.

plete loss of all the fuel used, formation of considerable carbon deposits which creates excess heat that must'be cooled and furthermore a portion of the unburnt fuel often times enters the crank case past the piston rings and thus renders the lubricating oil less eflicient.

to air is varied according to the engine load. I I

In so doing it is found that much more plewer is obtained from the same amount of el used. It is also found that the "engine will turn over more freely; while in the no- I By allow ng a volume of air to enter the cylinders there is a constant compression in engine. which eliminates a compressionconditioninthe e ch'an d to a vacuum condition. It will be plainy understood that byallowing a comression in engine during the no-load' conmen the engine and its load will 0 rate on the stored up energy for a muc dition.

It is another object of this invention, to

back pressure which must exist when the e is longer .periodthan would be the case-if the engine I compression was changed to a vacuum conprovide a carbureting device whereby a maximum rich mixture is'supplied the engine while under the 1 maximum load condition and in-which the ,roportion of fuel to air is decreased as t e engine condition approaches what may be termed the no-load condition in which the vehicle is or moving under its ownmomentum. When the engine is operating under the no-load condition it is t en highly desirable that a substantial volume of air only enter the engine cylinders in orderthat no combustion will take placeand that the air entering the cylinder serve primarily as a cooling device. With this invention this desired condition is obtained, thus producing a carburetor which will assure thesmooth operation of an indrifting of the rinciples thereof,-and'in which:

combustion engine under ditions- 'theair suppl rality of con uits communicating with the 8 all load con- A more specific object of this invention is to rovide a carburetor having a mixin cham r provided with a throttle valve an fuel supply meansfand air supply means commumcating with the mixing chamber,

means consisting of. a pluchamber on opposite si thro valve. 4 With the above and other objectsin view which will appear as the description procoeds, my invention resides: in the novel construction, combination and. arrangement of s of the parts substantially as hereinafter described and more particularly defined b the appended claims, it being. understoo that such changes in the noise embodimentof the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of the claims.

In the-accompanying drawin -I have illustrated one complete examp e of the physical embodiment of my invent on con-- structed according to thebest mode I have so far devised for the practical application drawing, 1 have used the reference numera 10to indicate gen eralizyl whi a hollow shell, the upper portion of forms a mixing chamber of the carburetor. a g

Adjacent to the carburetor shell 10 is an ordina float chamber 11' to which .fuel is supp 'ed by means of the tube 12 In the carburetor casing 10 is an ordinary fuel nozzle 13, and anordinary needle valve 14 is rovided for regulating the discharge of fu from the nozzle 13; It will be understood, of course, that thenozzle 13 commu'nicates with the float chamber or fupl e interior of the carburetor casing adjacent to the disc'har end ofthe. nozzle 18 referablyhas the enturi tube shape.

ommunicating with the lower I rtioniof thecarburetor casing10 is an'or ary air p or tube" 15.-. "Spaced above the discharge nozzle 13'is a throttlevalve 16 which may! ow ted from the dash or' other-. wlseman I Above e vs 16 is afuel butterfly valve '19'forming a choke interior of-the tube 18.

Ody

ture passage 17. for conducting the fuel mix ture to the intake manifold to thejengine Commumcatgifilith the fuel mixture pas- 17 is an a 'ary airtubeor p the tube '15 is substantially mounted a valve. ,When the valve 19 is inits ordinary closed or normal position it is extended directly across thetube15. 'In the tube 18 is another butterfly valve 20 adapted -to coast,

that Ivyhn seated it is extended diagonaly across the with a seat 21 and so arran On the-stem 22 of the valve 19'is arm 23, and on the stem of the=valve 20 is an arm. 25.-

Preferably" iormii inigrii with the 1 ,1-.

r rtion of the fuel mixture pass '7 1s a racket 26 on'which is formed. a ing 27 for an u right 'v'e'rnor "shaft 28. The upright sha Above the. bearing 27 shaft 28 a collar 30 to which are pivoted opposite u wardly extending -arms'31 which are secur device.

Spaced above the balls 32is a collar slidably mounted on the shaft28 and ,connected with the balls 32 by On the collar 33 is formed a grooved hub or-the like 35. On the fuel supply passa 17 is another bracket or arm 36 on whic is centrally One end of t e bell crank lever 37 extends into the groove of the hub 35, as illustrated in thedrawin'gl. w I f Pivot'ed to t e other end of the bellcrank lever 36, is a link 38 which extends toward and is pivoted-to the'a'rm 25 0f the valve stem 24 b means of a pin or the like 39.

The lin 38 has a series o f openings. 4 0

for selectively receiving the 'in 39. 1 The arm 25 also hasa series of openin for receiving said pin 39. By selectivey v mounting the pin 39 in difierent o'ppnings 40 and 41 t e relative movement oft e arm 25 and the valve20 with relation to the governor ma be adjusted andregulated.

Pivota y mountedinthe pm 39 is alink 42 which .is also pivotally'; onnected with the arm 25 by means ofa pin 43 selectively mounted-in one of a lurality of holes 44 in the link It w' be seen thatby selec'tively mountintgthe ,pin 43-in different holes '44 and by adjustment of the pin 39 above referred to, the-relative movement of the valve 19 with'relation to the governor device may be regulated and the relative movement of the valves 20 and 19 with relation to'each other may be regulated as des red.

28 is esignedto beconnectedby a flexible shaft 29 with a isubstan "tially moving part ofthe engine on which the carburetor 1s used. v f i there is'fixedto'the to the balls 32 ofthegovernor ivoted a bell crank lever 37.

Ill

collar 30 is screw-threaded at nd on'said screw-threaded portions are lock nuts 46.

Between the up er nut 46 and the collar 33 is a spring 47 w 'ch normally tends tohold the collar 33 in its, raised position for thereby holding the bellcrank lever 37, in such position as to close the valves 20 and 19.

In the practical operation .of my. improved carburetor the carburetor s installed on the engine in the ordinary way and the tube 12 is connected, with a suitable source of fuel supply. 7

The flexible shaft 29 is opera-tively connected with some moving part of the engine. The fuel mixture p e 17 is connected with the intake manifo d, andzthe device is then ready for use. g f I In such practical use of my improved carburetor, the parts are ori inally so set that the valves 19 and 20 will normally-be held in their closed position as illustrated in the drawing.

The position of the valves just described is that which they should assume when the engine is being started or is run at low speed. I

the speed of the engine increases the balls 32 will tend. to vbe thrown outwardly by centrifugal force and'draw the collar 1y, thereby controlling the bell" crank lever 37 for movingthe links 38 and 43 downwa 42 for opening the valves 20 and 19.

It will be noted that the arm 23 is shorter than the arm 25, so that the openin' movement of the valve 19 is more rapid t an the opening movement of the valve 20.-

I, 19, sufiicient air isvsupp V vIt ayv that the-valve 19 is of such size as to allow the passage of a certain amount of; air even when the valve 19 is in its closed position, shown in the drawings, so that suflicient air is admitted to the carburetor for starting and running at very slow speed; i

In the description and, drawin Ihave illustrated an' ordinary centrifuga .or .ball

tion, an-opening of the throttle valve to increase the engine speed creates a hi h vacuum at the fuel nozzle, as a result o which the desired volume of fuel is supplied the engine for the extra load placed thereon. By reason of the openingi surrounding valve mixture upon the opening of the throttle valve.

As the enginejspeed increases, valves 19 volume of air supplied the combustible mixture. With the engine operating under the 1 light load conditionia closingof the throttle be mentioned in this connection that ad the combustible busti'ble mixture'to insure the eflicient opera/- tion oftheengine.

When the engine is operated under no-load condition, as in the case of a vehicle. when drifting and turning the en 'ne over, air

only is supplied the en 'ne w en the throttle valve is closed, as t e valves 19 and'20" will be retained in open position propor- 3 to the speed f th nfi i he entering the engine cylinders t rough cone duit 18. I With the engine operating under this no-load condition,an opening of-the' y supply fuel to the air in the proper proportion .t 1p,

necessary.

throttle valve will immediate ply the engine with themixture for stron combustion. 1

Fromt e foregoing description taken in j connection with e accompan ing drawings itwill be readily .obvious to t ose skilled in the art to which an invention of this charac ter appertains that the pro ortion of fuel 7 to air is coordinated with t 1e engine .load,

in that, with the throttle 16'at a predeter v mined setting, a decrease in the; engine speed, due to an increase in the load .or

stress at the engine pistons, will result; in the .closing movement of the air valves .19 g Y and 20 and the supplying to the engine" of a richer combustiblemi'xture. p What I claim as my invention is 1. A carburetor for internal combustion supply means in said chamber, said throttle ve and fuel supply means being :positioned intermediate the points of oommuni-. cation of said conduits with chamber.

2. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber, air.

the mixing conduits communicating with said chamber,

valves in said conduits, means for moving saidvvalves toward open position as, the en-" gine speed increases and toward closed position as the en 'ne speed decreases, a throttle valve, an fuel supply means in supply means being positioned intermediate con uits with themixing chamber, whereby movement of the throttle valve toward 0 n sition 'will increase the proportion of y el in relation to air and a movement toward closed position will decrease the proportion of fuel in relation to air. "and 20 open proportionately to increase the -3. A carburetor forfinternal combustion engines, comprising a mixing chamber, air

said chamber, said throttle valve and fuel the oints of communication of two of said duits for supplying air'to the'mix1ngcham-- enginev speed increases and toward closed sitlon 88 the engines d decreases,and a fuel supply means, said fuel supply means discharging into the: chamber intermediate the oints of communication of two of said Y con uits with the mixing chamber,,the parts being so constructed and arranged that upon f an increase in theload on the engine the throttle valve therein, means for supplying fuel to said chamber, a plurality o conber one .of said 5 conduits communicati with said chamber between the throttle valve and-the discharge end of said chamber, a control valve in each of said "con.- duits, and automatically operable means for actuating said conduit control valves to vary the volume of air passing therethrou h, said conduit control valves being norma y held in a substantially-closed position by said automatically operable means while the engine is operating at minimum speed and' moved toward open position by said automatically operab e means as the speed of the engine increases.

5. A carburetor for internal combustion 'chamber,' a

fuel to said chamber, a plurality conduits for supplying" air to the mixmg chamher, the fuel from said supply means and the air from said conduits being commingled to form the engine combustible mixture, one

of said conduits communicating with the mixing chamber between its discharge end and said throttle valve, and automatically actuated valves 'in said conduits for varyin the volume of air passing therethrough, sai

automaticall' actuated valves'bei normal- If; held in su stantially closed position while t e. engine is 0' rating at minimum speed and automatica y moved toward open position as the engine 3 d increases, whereby air only is suppli theengine whenthe same is operated by momentum with said throttle valve closed, a minimum prportion of fuel in 'relation to air constitutes the combustible mixture when a'minimum load is afplplied to the engine and the pro ortion of l in relation toair is increase as the engine load increases until the desired maxicomprising a mixin chamber, a

throttle valve therein, means or suppl ing fuel to said chamber, a plurality of con uits for supplying air to the mixing chamber,

, mum speed and automatical .sition as the spec mean one of said conduits communicating with said-chamber between the throttle valve and. the discharge end of said chamber, and automatically actuated valves in said conduits for varying the volume of air passing therethrough, said automaticall actuated valves being normally held m te stantially closed position whilethe engine is operating at miniopen position as the speedof the engine in creases whereby when the engine is operat -v ing at any speed above its'slowest speed and i V f the speed is decreased due toan'increase in load on engine the relative proportion of '80 fuel to'air' supplied theen'gine' will-beincreased.

.7. A carburetor for internal combustion,

chamber,a

engines,comprising a mix' throttlevalvetherem, means orisuppl mg fuel to said chamber, a pluralityofcon ju its for supplying air to the chamber, one of said conduits communicating with said chamber end and said throttle valve, and automatically actuatedwalves in" between its dischar said conduits for .va ing the volume of air passing therethroug moved towardsaid automatically.

actuated valves being norma ll held in a sub I stantially closed position whi e the engine, is.-

operating at ;minimuni speed and" auto'-' maticall moved toward-open position as the" s d o theengine increases whereby when t e engine is operating at any speed below its highest-speed and the speed is .1ncreased due to a decrease .in load on engine the relative pro wi be decreased.

rtion of fuel to air supplied the engine 8. In a device of the-class described, a carburetor chamber, a plurality of air'conduits,

communicating therewithyautomatically ac-- tuated valves m said conduits for varying the area of said conduits at some point there,- i

moved toward open poof the engine increases and toward closed position as the speed of the engine decreases, a throttlevalve, and a fuel supply means, said throttle valve and in, saidvalves beirtilg fuel supply means beinggpositioned intermediate -t e ints of communication of said 'conduits'wi said chamber, whereby a substantial volume of lean combustible mixture is sup lied for each en 'neucharge when'the thrott valve is in nearly closed position and the fuel content of the combustible mixture is relatively increased as the throttlevalve is moved toward open position' toincreasethe load on the engine. a

9. A carburetor .for internal combustion engines, comprising "a mixingv chamber, a I

throttlevalve for controlling the passage of fluids from said chamber, an air pas'sa communicating with said chamber outward y of said thro e valve, an air passage com, with saidchamber inwardly of e valve, fuel su ly means comsaid cham between the municatintgl said throt municating with last mentioned air p 1 and said throttle valve, automatically actuated valves in said air passages for varying the area thereof, and means for operatively connecting said 5 air passage valves, said air assage valves being normally yieldably hel in a substan- I tially closed position when the engine is in- EDWARD G. HODGES.

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