USRE1402E - Improvement in refining iron - Google Patents

Description

REISSUED FEB. 10, 1863.

0. SHUNK. REPINING IRON.

Iore or from remelted application of atmospheric air under pressure.

l .UNITED-STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.v

GHRisTrAN sHUNK', 'on CANTON, 10H10.

|M-PRovE-MENT in REFINING IRON.'

Specification forming part of LeitersPateut No.24, 766, date(i July l2, 1,859; Reissue No. l ,402, ln-ted i i i Febr'unrylO, 1863.

To 'af/ZZ- whoml it may concer-n..A v

Be it known that' 1 CHRISTIAN SHUNK, for- -strongand State of- Pennsylvania, now of Can# bonizingpand steelifyiug process. The volume DIvisroN' B. l

, of airaud pressure of blast required to effect ,merly vof-Slate Lick, in the county ot- Armton, in the county otStark and State of Ohio,l 5

have invented a p crucible, or fireplace for converting molten pig orcrude iron'by the This .outside fire-place or crucible can be inadeof anyinconsuluable materials to resist the' action of the lluid iron. It canfbe made of plate-iron lined with nre-clay cementga'nd itis preferableto make itin -two parts' for the purpose of lining lthe inside, as Well as for cleanlng out the.. '9911110111I aller-Isaehlrening pro'cess'f" Ihetop part is readily removed, being attached by a couple -o'ffastenings or droplatches, for the conveuience'ottheworkman,

and can be made stationaryormovable, to'suit Vthe convenience of the man ufacturer, and can be depressed in .the ground theadaptati'ou of the hearth ing furnace.

i For the discharge of the molten iron from the smeltingfuruace into the retin.

ing ireor cruci'blea 'gutter orc'ouductor is This con; doctor can be 'made of.- plate'iron linedwith attached, leading into the crucible.

clay, mortalgor cem entl This rening-crucible can be made withhandles orswu'ng in an irony frame, as may. be (desired, Beforethe crude iron is vrun in rto be loperated on by. the blastthe crucible should .be heatedtoamoderate 'degree by'placing inside or-u'pder it a. feur live coals. cible made round. The action o f the blast of 'airforced .into ai cylinder-[shaped pot pr'cl.v "docet-more readily a, rotary motion of the mass of meta-lullen attacked 'b'y a current o1.' air. `underpressure, and thereby a moredpeedy-ebullitiou vof the iron is effectedclilfbonjipfqthe' 'crude irouwhile the mass of duid-.iron iizinjllvc'lmotion and ebullition.

Buchungs 'heflfvolu-me of the blast into'an'tl cbrhou for the purpose-of Yell'ectiug the" decanor raised-tosuit: of theiron'smelt .new and useful apparatus,

, I process is vfinished thenietal is tapped'at the c ude iron into refined ironv or steel from'the n""'ra'ble'io force rim tu'yere-pipe's from the tom-dipping down intoy rtbe' mass of meta-Land lthereby to combine lthe gases -of thefair withy the crude 'iron tobe'` ,duringl the,- pnrifyin l admixture of the gases of the air withthe yfluid iron' is eiected and a more 'speedyebul-- bottoni by removing a.' tire-clay stopper used for that? purpose; .or a .properlyconstructed valve can be attaclledfor the dischargeot' the refined metal, which is then molded into pig or ingot chills tit for'the hammer or the rolls.

` The atmosphericair can beintroducedin'to the refiuin'g-crucible in various'lways, so as to' coinuiingle the gaseous matter of .the air'with bull\ t nid.it pref: f

'refined and steelified.y lIt spreferable to have the refining tnyerepipe dip down into the Huid iron tan'gen-tially thereby cause a. pral or rotary motion o f the metal by the 'powerof'the blast, and which greatly relieves the pressure of the iron from the mouth of the blastpipe by passing round4 1in the same direction .with the blast; and yby' giving the lmassof il p gl process a more perfect lition takes place than otherwise would be ifthe blast entered directly iron standing still'.

- My refining tuyerey-pipes' I make of plumbago or any'liuconsumablematerials to' resist' .th e` ac'- tion of the molten metal;4 'Phe refining' and steel- A t1 affew minutes, -ac' cordin'g to the quantity of crude ,iron tobeopera oxygen gas ofthe aincomthmol'ten crude-iron;

ifying process requresh v ated on. t Whenfthe bines ve'i'tlr the` carbon ot 'theheataud uidityar" tion takeslpl/Qithe carb vthe 'oxyeenrro eircom-billes freelyjwi'th to the circumference, and

against 'a .I body 'of fincreased,"and ebulli-` `when the flame is up; second, when the flame l drops soft or semi steel ot' tenacity and tensile strength to mold into ingot-chi1ls.

In the make and construction of my relining tire or crucible I do not contine myself to any specific form or details of the same, nor to any specilied mode of intloduclng the atmospheric air therein to combine with the molten iron to be refined and steelified.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a form of refining-Crucible which I have used with good eect. A

15igure 1 is a vertical section of the said crucible. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both views.

A represents the gutter, which receives the i molten metal from the hearth of the blast-fur I nace and deliversit into the auxiliary hearth or j Crucible. B is the tappinghole through which the metal is drawn after the refining' process is completed. C is a tuyere made of graphite, plumbago, or other incombustible material,

which tuyere is introduced in an oblique direcy tion, tangential, or near-ly so, with the periphery lof the Crucible and'dipping downward, l I so as to comming'le the air with the entire mass ot' iron and impart a rotary or spiral motionthereto bythe action ofthe blast, as before explained. d d are stationary hooks for lifting the crucible l) and cover D', respectively. d2 are catches by which the cover may be held in place while in use. E is an aperture for the escape of carbonio-acid gas and other impurities evolved by the refining process.

While much preferring, for reasons already stated, to introduce the blast in an oblique rather than a radial direction, I do not con-` 'ne myself thereto.

y The blast may be applied either hot or cold. Having' thus described my inyentionanda way in which the saine may be carried-into effect, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isf A separate or auxiliary reiining pot 0r Crucible, employed to receive molten iron from a smelting or remelting furnacel and decar- .bonize the saine by the application of an air-l blast in any manner, substantially as, herein described, for the iined iron.

. i y rCHRIS'IIAN SHUNK.

Witnesses# UcTAvIUs KNIGHT,

' CHARLES SMITH.

production of steelor re'-

Images