USRE12119E - Combination square and protractor - Google Patents

Description

REISSUED JUNE 9, 190.3;

I E. OEHRLE. COMBINATION SQUARE 'AND'PROTRAGTOR,

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 22, 1902.

W1 TNESSES:

, and protractor and in additionto these being; capable of certain'special'uses, as will be U 1 ED- STATES Reissued June 9, 1903.

PATENT. OFFICE.

EMANUEL OEHRLE, QFOMAHA, NEBRASKA.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Reiesued Letters Patent No. 12,1 19, dated June 9, 1903. Origin 5.11%. 706,095, dated August 5, 1902. Application for reissue filed December 22, 1902. SerialNo. 136304.

To all wheat it may concern.-

'Be it known that I, EMANUEL OEHRLE, of-

Omaha, in the county of Douglas and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Squares and Protractors; and I do hereby declare-the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, that will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,.and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a partof this specification.

The present invention relates to improve: moms n combination squares and protractors; and it consists in a square having a body portion or head, a straight-edge, and

means for pivotally securing the straight-edge. in the said head, whereby the straight-edge maybe set" and held at various angles with respect to the different edges ofthe head.

It further consists in certain novel constructions,combinations,an'd arrangement of parts,

' Fig. 2.

It is the purpose of the present invention to provide 'a convenient and comparatively inexpensive combination-square suitable for machinists, pattern-makers, carpenters, and the like, the one instrument being capable of serving as a level, miter, bevel, center-square,

hereinafter fully described.

' The instrument is made up principally of straight-edge or scale -22-to which are added certain other parts,as will be hereinafter set forth. The headis preferably made substantially as illustrated inthedrawings, be 'ing 'formed with straight edges or bearing; surfaces 24and '25, arranged at right angles to each other.

Small spirit- levels 26 and 27 are mounted upon the head 20, arranged parallel, respectively, with the surfaces 24 and 25, so thatany thing or object to which these surfaces are applied. may be properly leveled. These levels 26 and .27 are preferably made no wider than. the thickness of them'aterial composing'thehead 20 and are arranged upon theedges of inner cut-out or open portions of'the head, so as to be entirely out-of the way and well protected'against accidental injecting arm formed with a surface 28, which 'is arranged at an angle of forty-five degrees to the surface 25. A surface 29 is also formed on this arm parallel with the surface 28. Another surface 30 is also formed upon the head 20, which extends at right angles to the surface 29, forming therewith an interior right angle. This interior angle is so arranged that when the straight-edge 22 is brought to the position indicated at Ain Fig.

1 it forms with the said surfaces a centersquare of the ordinary type. It may be noted at this point that when the straight-edge 22 -is set at any 'other position than that shown at A it may be usedfor determining lines on acircular surface other than those which are radially arranged as, for example,where laying 01? a ratchet or other toothed wheel.

The blade 22 is adjustably secured to the disk2l, so as to be carried thereby and held in various'positions. The head 20 is kerfed or slotted centrally through the edges which carry the surfaces 25 28 29 and apart of 2 L and 30. The position of the kerf 23 with respect to the cross-section of the head 20 will be apparent from Fig.- 3, while the extent of the kerf is indicated by the extreme dotted positions of the straight-edge, as shown in Fig. 1.

Since the bladeis thus arranged centrallyin the various surfaces of the head, the square may be reversed and either side he applied to work in hand. with equal facility. Thus corresponding angles may be obtained with the instrument without changing the position ofthe straight-edge 22.

'jury. -The head is formed also with a proannular groove 32, which is adapted to re-" ceive a curved sliding brake piece or shoe 33.

sunk annular recess in the body of the head 20', as will appearv upon examining Fig. 3. On the periphery of-thedisk 21 is formed an A set-scrcw 34 extends through a portion of the head 20, engaging screw threads therein,

its inner end or point engaging a recess or socket formed in the shoe 33. This screw thus engaging the shoe prevents the same from moving from its position when the disk disk from The straight-edge 22 is secured to the disk 'canbe drawn inwardly ening the nut 39, so as to relieve the 21 by means of a pin'36, which is formed at its outer end with a head turned at right an gles to the pin and formed so as to engage and projectinto a groove or slot 38, formed in-one face of. the blade or straight-edge 22.

The in nor end of the pin 36 is screw-threaded, so as to receive a milled nut, by which the pin for clamping the straight-'edgetightlyagainst the disk 21. The disk is provided with a central segment-a1 opening to accommodate the nut 39. upon the end of the pin 36 and permit the same to be easily reached and operated by thefingersof any person using theinstrument. By loospressure of the screw36 uponthe' straight-edge, the said straight-edge can be moved longitudinally with respect to the disk 21, so as to assume any new position desired and so that the straight-edge may be made to project suitable distances uponeither side of the head 20.

T When the desired adjustment has been attained, the milled nut 39 is tightened for clamping the straight-edge to the disk. After this the straight-edge is ready to be adjusted to any suitable angle by loosening the pin 34 and turning the disk 21 till the desired angle is attained, after which the set-screw 34 is ti ghtened again.

As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, one sideof the disk 21 is preferably provided with graduations covering a quarter of its circumference, dividing the same into degrees, such as appear ordinarily upon protractors for indicating the angle towhich the bladeisto be turned between the extreme positionsindicated at A and B in Fig. 1 On the opposite side of the disk, as shown in Fig. 1, a single line or indication is placed in position to be brought into correspondence with the marks of a scale P on the head 20. This scale is an especial-adaptation of this instrument to enable carpenters or others to'determine the preventing the ed holder correct angles for cutting the ends of rafters in roofs of" various pitches. Fractional numbers,as .i, &c. ,indicate the pitches of roofs in common use. When the line on the disk 21 is set opposite the number indicating the required pitch of roof, the correct angle is formed between the surface 24 and either edge of the blade 22. It is obvious that the sum of the angles at A and B is equal to ninety degrees, or a right angle, so that the proper angle for cutting the bottom end of the rafters is formed between the surface 25 and either edge of theblade, the setting of the instrument remaining the same for both ends of the rafters of any given pitch. In

addition to the fractional graduations for obtaining the anglesof different-pitch rafters I provide on one end of the straight-edge 22 a table of contents which when multiplied by half the width of thefroofiv gives the length of the rafters for the various'pitches in common use. As a further convenience in determining the. length of rafters I provide on the opposite end of the blade- 22 a table showingthe lengths of rafters for the different pitches for the more-common widths of buildings.

It is obvious from the above description that my combination-square, although ex-.

ceedingly simple in structure, is capable of v use in a number of ways; Of course it will be understood that I ca'ntvary the parts for securing the same ends without departing from the spirit of the invention.

'Having now described ,my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.

1. A combination square and protractor,

comprising'a head havinga-fiat base-surface,

a vertical surface extending at right angles from. said base-surface, a miter-face extending from said vertical face at an angle of forty-five degrees, a bar in prolongation of said miter-face, the side ofi; said bar opposite said miter-face extending parallel to said mi-. ter-face and forming oneside of a centersqnare, a face extendingfat right angles from vsaid last-mentioned side to form the remaining member of said center-square, a circular opening within said head, a set-screw extending-through said head and into said opening, a gradpated annulus revolnbly held within said dpening, said annulus being partially slotted; aforesaid base-surface being slotted to provide'astop, aforesaid vertical face being slotted, aforesaid miter-face and bar being slotted, said last-mentioned member of said center-square being slotted to .providea stop, a, straight-edge slidably held within aforesaid annulus and working. within said slotted head so that said straight -edge is stopped in one position at right angles to aforesaid flat base surface and inits remaining stop position at right angles to (said vertical surface, a threaded holder extending from said annulus to engage'said straighted'ge, and a tliu mb-n'ut engaging said threadto adjustably secure, aforesaid isaidannulus, and mean straight-edge to sai purpose set forth. I I

' 2. Acombinatio'n square comprisingahead having a flat base-surface, a vertical surface extendingat right angles froinsaid base-sur- .fa'ce,a miter-face. extending from said vertical face at anangle of forty-five degrees, a bar in prolongation o'f'said miter-face, a side of said bar opposite said miter-face extending parallelto said miter-face and forming one 'side of a center-square, a face extending at right angles from said lastto form the remaining membe square, a circular opening w an annulus finding a b'earin cess, said annulus having a riphery, a shoe-loosely resti a set-screw carried by said upon said shoe, whereby the disk may be held in its bearing and maybe clamped at any point, and a straight-edge carried by the said annulus substantiallyas described. 3. A combination-squarecomprisiuga head having a flat base-surface, a vertical surface extending at right angles from said base-sun face, a miter-face extending from said vertical face at an angle of forty-five degrees, a bar in prolongation of said miter-face, the side of said bar opposite said miter-face-extending parallel to said miter-face and forming one side of a center-square, a face ex-v tending at right angles -fromsaid 1ast-mentioned side toform the remaining member of said center-square, a circular opening within said head, an annulus havinga flange on one side engaging a counter subbearing in said head, a straight-edge slidably carried by the s traveling in a groove id annulus or disk for position in connection d disk, said means also its adjusted positions r of said centerithin said head, g within said reng in said groove,

on the periphery of sa holding the same in with the'flange of sai clamping the disk in substantially as described. 7.

. 4., A combination square and protractor comprisingahead havin g a fiat base-surface,

d annulus, as and for the mentioned side.

groove in its pe head and bearing set-screw passing thro said annular groove a ried by said disk substantially as described. 1

a vertical surface extending at-right angles scribed.

and two fiat sides, ing at right angles miter-face exteudi at an angle offorty-five, degrees, prolongation of said, bar opposite said mite parallel to said'miter-face side of a center-s vided with aface exten to said last-mentioned maining member ofsaidce c'ular opening within said head having tating within said circular from said base-surface, a miter-face extending from said vertical face at an angle of forty-five degrees, a bar in prolongation of said miter-face, the side of said bar opposite said miter-face extending parallel to said miter-face and forming one side of a centersquare, a face extending at right angles from said last-mentioned side to form the ren1ainv ing member of said center-square, a circular 5 opening within said head, an annulus-having a groove in its periphery, saidan'nulus lying in the opening in said head, a lip or shoulder on said annulus engaging one face of said head to prevent lateral displacement of said said head engaging said p preventing lateral move anopposite direction, carried by said annulu eripheral groove for ment of said disk in and a straight-edge s, substantially as dequare and 'Iprotractor, ving-a flatbase-surface' avvertical surface 'extendfrom said base-surface, a ng from said verticalvface a bar in face, the side of r-face extending and forming one said head being proj ding at'right angles sideto form. the. re-

nte'r-square, a ci'r-.

an annulus said annulus roopening, an annu one face, of said head, a ugh said head and into nd a straight-edge car- 5. A'combination s comprising a head ha said miter- 8o an 1 annular groove,

ar shoulder engaging In testimony whereof I aflix In y signature n presence of two witnesses.'- a EMANUEL OEHRLE. Witnesses:

GEORGE W. SUES, FREDERICK J: LARsoN;

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