USRE11930E - Electric-arc lamp - Google Patents

Description

v I0. l|,930.

n. HIGHAM.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

(Lpplutim tiled July 20, 1901.)

Roiasud Sept. -3, I90I.

2 Shoah-Sheet l.

Witnesses' Jnvemboh Daniel ffigh'm,

l WMM flccy.

No. ",930. Reissued Sept. 3, |90l.

Y n. HIGHAM. I

ELEcTmc Anc LAMP.

(Application mainly so, 1901.

2 Signets-Sheet 2*.'

UNITED STATES DANIEL IIIGIIAM, OF WINTHROP HIGI-ILANDS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERAL ELFCTRIC COMPANY, OF NEW YORK; f

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Reissued Letters Patent No. 11,930, dated September 3, 1901. Original No. 675.599, dated June 4, 1901. Application for reissue tiled July 20,1901. Serial No. 69,152.

To all whom it mag/concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL I-IIGH'AM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Winthrop Highlands, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusett-s, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, (Case No. 2,3493 of which the' following is a specification. i Y l My invention relates to electric-arc lamps lo for direct-current constant-potential circuits,

and its main feature consists,generally speaking, in a regulating series magnet having one portion of the Winding `fine and of high resistance,.the other portion coarse and of low x 5 resistance, and a coil of high self-induction,

but low resistance, in parallel with the finewire portionoi the magnet. The scope of my invention will be pointed out in the claims appended hereto. The result of this arrangeao ment is that the ycurrent entering the lamp divides between the inductance-coil and the line-wire winding, about ten per cent. of the current flowing normally through the iinewire coil. Upon an increase of the voltage z5 in the mains or of the current in the arc the self-induction of the inductancefcoil resists the increase of current and compels it to dow through the line-wire winding. rThis effect is only momentary, however, since the` in- 3o ductance-col quickly adjusts itself to the newyoltage. The rapidity of restoration of the normal ratio depends upon the ratio be;

y tween the self-ind notion and resistance of the fine-Wire windings as compared with theratio `between the greater self-induction and lower resistancegof the inductancc-coil. The effect of thesudden increase of current in the linewire windings is to strengthen-their magnetism and lift the carbon, thereby lengthening 4o the arc, and this takes place before the arc can be seriously aifected by the change in the current intensity. i A dash-pot prevents the carbon from too violent or excessive movements or from getting into a condition of rhythmic oscillation. The lengthened arc is maintained by the combined action of the fine and coarse wire winding of the magnet. Conversely, upon a decrease of current the mag'- 'etism of the ne winding is suddenly les- 5o sened and the carbon is dropped, shortening the arc before the decrease in current can afect it. The object of thuschangin g the length of the arc is to vary the potential of the arc in correspondence with the varyingintensity of the line-current to prevent the arc from 5 5 rupturing. y

It will be seen that my. improved ramp provides a circuit of low resistance through the Alamp-magnet, with means for opposing Inomentarily any Variation in the current intensity in said circuit, said means being shunted by a clutch-actuating device of normally low. magnetism, but capable of responding inst-antly with greatly-increased magnetism to anyuctnation in current. One great practical advantage of a lamp 'thus constructed is that it automatically adjusts itself to any voltage, so that vlthe same lamp can be connected up in circuits carrying, for example, anywhere from ninety to'one hundred and twenty volts without requiring any adjust- Inentor change of parts. Another advantage is that there is a greater percentage of watts at the arc, and therefore a great increase of light, a one-hundred-volt arc being about double the length of an eighty-volt arc. Further, the wide separation of the carbons largely prevents the shadow of the lower carbon from becoming objectionable.

The mechanical details of my improved lamp will now be described inconnection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation of Iny improved lamp. Fig. 2 is a diagram of the circuits. Fig. 3 is a detail view, partly broken away, 85 of the by-pass on the dashpot. Fig. 4 is an enlarged View of the clutchmand adjacent parts. Fig. 5 is a top plan View of the plate carrying the binding-posts and switch. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the lower-carbon holder and the socket of the inner globe.

The frame of the lamp consists of a plate A, from which depends the hanger B to carry the lower-carbon support-and inner globe. A tubular backbone rises centrally above the 95 plate A, on which it is supported by two legs C', one of which is broken away in Fig. l. Fastened at the'upper end of the backbone is a circular head D, which forms the bottom of a dash-pot D, closed at the upper end. A Ico being also connected in series, so as to form one continuous winding.

The wire 1 fromthe positive main .r 'is connected` with the binding-post E', while thewire 2 from the negative main y connects with the binding-post Es. The hanger B, which is insulated from the plate A and carries the zo current froni'the lower carbon, is connected by wires 3 with the .post E". The iine-wire` terminal of the two-part solenoid G lis connected by wire 4 with the positive bindingpost E', while the coarse-wire terminal of the z 5 solenoid is connected by a flexible-wire 6 with the upper-carbon holder. The fine and coarse windings are joined at g2, and from this-point a wire 6 runs to the binding-post E2. The terminals of the inductance-coil are connected 3o with the binding-posts EVE.

` The ,upper-carbon holder consists of a tube H, having a sliding t in the backbone C. Its loweil end extends down between the legs C' and carries a yoke h, which is rigidly conhected by rods h' with a cross-head I,l`oosely encircling thebackbone Gand carrying the cores G' ofthesolenoids G. One end of the yoke h is extended' to afford afulcrum for the clutch-lever K, having at one end a ring- 4o clutch k to engage with the upper carbon and provided at its other end with a helical spring K', 'suspended from a hookfi on the cross-head I.

The upper end of the carbon-holder H projects into the dash-pot'D, whereit isl prov'rdedwith the usual piston. On the outside of the dash-pot is a by-pass pipe L, connecting its upper and lower ends. lThe pipe has an enlargement or chamber L', slightly in 5o clined and containing a ball-valve M, whose play, is limited by a pin l entering the upper ond of. the chamber. When the piston rises,

the-ball obstructs 'the by-pass sufficiently to retardl the liiow of air and impede the move- .55 ment of 'the pistonbut the descent of the vpiston is not retarded, as the ball is forced up against the end of the pin l, leaving ample space for the air -to pass by it.

The inner globe N is held Abetween an up 6o per cap P and a lower socket R. The cap is loosely suspended by small rods p, which pass up through the plate'A and have heads p' on their upper ends. The socket R is a countersunk ring concentric with the eye b in the- 6 5 'hanger B. Upright studs b', passing through ears vr on the ring, guide the vertical movements vof the socket. The lower-carbon holder T hass a shoulder t, which when -the holder is pushed up through theeye b lifts the socket R. A set-screw U retains/the holder T in place. The lower portionT' of- 'the holder is screwed upon an insulated screw t', fiired in the part T, andinsulating-washers t2 are interposed between the" two parts T T'.

y The part T also forms asupport for the outer globe. Above'the cap P is a short pin V, passing through a'hole iu the plate A under the edge of the ring-clutch k. The pin is suitably supported, preferably by a dat spring V', at- 'tched to the under side of the plate A.

When the globe N is not in place, the cap P'hangs'suspended by the headed rods p, as

-'shown in Fig. 4, and the pin V is in its lo'west position. The globe can be inserted by slightly raising the cap P. When the lowercarbon -holder T is pushed up into place, it lifts the socket R with the globe and cap. The latter strikes and raises the pin V, which in turn lifts the ring-clutch and releases the upper carbon. When thelamp is recarboned, the unconsu med piece of the upper carbon can be released by pushing up the spring V' and pinVbyhaiid. l' l The inductance-coi'l W is preferablyl of the hedgehog variety, and its terminals are connected with the binding-posts E'E. is conveniently housed in a canopy at the upper end of the tubing, which conceals the wires and the longY hook or 'other means for suspending` the lamp. l

The working parts are inclosed in the usual casing.

` That I claim as new, and-desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a series coil, an auxiliary coil, and means for causing the magnetomotive force of said y auxiliary coil to vary at a rate different from the rate of variation of current in the arc.

2. l-In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a series coil, an auxiliary coil, and means for causing the magnetomotive force oi?A said auxiliary coil to vary at a rate greater than the rate of variation of current in the arc.

/ V3. In an electric-arc lam-p, thecombinaticn of an arc-regulating mechanism acted upon by coils traversed by current iowing through the arc,one serving primarily to maintain a;

separation of the electrodesand another more sensitive to current variations in the are and acting to promptly adjust the length of-the p arc in response to said current variations.

4.' In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a magnet-winding including two coils both vof which are traversed by -current flowing through the arc, and means for causing a .variation of current in the arcto produce/a' quicker rate of change of current -in one ot the coils than in the other.

5, In an electric-arc lamp, the combination.`

' of a v magnet-winding including two coils both' of which are traversed bycurrent flowing through the arc, and means for causing a variation of current in the arc to produce momentarily a greater proportional change oft current in one of the coils than in the other.'

.6. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination 0f an arc-regulating mechanism controlled by coils carrying current flowing through the arc, and mea-ns for causing the rise orfall of current in one of the coils to vary at a rate diderent from the raie of change in another of said coils. y

7. In an electric-arc 1am p, the combination of a magnet-winding in portions arranged in series with each other, and a branch circuit shouted about one of said portions.

8. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of a magnet-winding infportions arranged in series with each other, and a branch circuit of considerable self-induction shunted about one of said portions.

9. In an electric-arc lam p, the combination, with a series coil comprising two portions, of an inductance-coil in shunt to one of said p0rtions. j f

10. In an electric-arc lamp,tl1e coinbin ation with a series coil comprising two portions of differing resistance, of an inductance-coil in shunt to the portion of higher resistance.`

11. In an electricarcla1np,the combination with a series coil comprising two portions, one of fine wireand one of coarse wire, of an inductance-coil in shunt to the tine-wire portion of said coil.

12. -In an electric-arc lamp, the combination with a series coil comprising two portions of differing resistance, of an inductance-coil of low resistance iiif shunt to the higher-1esist ance portion of the series coil.

13. In an electric-arc 1am p, the combination, with a. vertically movable uppercarbon holder, of adash-pot connected therewith having closed ends and provided with 'a byspasscontaining a check-valve permitting a 'slow leakage when closed.

14. In an electric-arc lamp,the combination with a -vertically movable upperl'- carbon holder, of a dash-pot connected therewith, a; by-pass for said dash-pot, containing a chamber, a ball-valve in-sad chamber, .and means for limiting the movement of the valve.

15. In an electric-arc lamp,the'combi nation with an inner globe, of a vertically-movablc firmly secure these 'than-in another. y

-Inwitness whereof I have hereunto set inyuo5 i '.VVitnesses: cap and socket toreceive said globe, andfa.. J- lower-carbon holder arrangedto litt.` and* parts when inserted into place.

'16. In an electrica1clamp,the combination with a frame comprisinga plate and a hanger depending therefrom, of a cap, suspending rods attached thereto and passing loosely thro ugh the plate, a socket vertically movable on the hanger, an inner globe adapted to be held between the cap and socket, and a lowercarbon holder arranger-irte lift the socket, globe and cap when inserted into place.

17. In an electric-arc lamp,the combination, with a vertically-movable cap for the inner globe, of a clutch for the upper carbon, and atrippin g device for said clutch normally held in operative position by said cap. l

1S. In-an electric-arc lamp,the combination,

with a vertically-movable cap for the inner globe, of a ring-clutch for the upper carbon, and a pin arranged to be forced `up against .said ring when the cap is raised.

- 19. In an electric-arclamp,tl1e combination with a frame comprising/a plate, of aV cap for the inner globe loosely suspended below said plate, a ring-clutch for the upper carbon 1o 8o cated above said pl'ate,and a spring-supported pin passing up through the plate under the ring and adapted to be raised when the cap.' is lifted. i

20. Inan electric-arc lamp, means for tripping the clutch to release the upper carbony .when the lower-carbon holder is inserted into place. y A

2].. In an electric-arc lamp, af1ower-carbon holder made in twoparm, an insulated screw .and insulating washers between the two parta.

22. lIn an electric-arc la1np,the combination of a frame, a cap, and rods movablyengag- 95 current owing through the arc, and means' roo4 for causing a variation of current 1n the are `to produce momentarily a greater propoi tions/l change of current in one of thecolls jhand this l'thday-offluly, 1901.

' l DANIEL I-IIGIIAINI.v

- 1H. WILLIAMS,

27E." SMALL.

964 fixed in one part and engaging with the other, l

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