USRE1108E - Improvement in pulp-machines - Google Patents

Description

G. SWEETLAND.

PULP MACHINE.

.R'eissued J an. 1,--1861=.

fig].

Fig. 7

Fig.6

Inventor Witnesses Mm m: ponms mas 00 PHOYO L\TI90., msnmmou. a, c.

UNITED STATES e nonen SWEETLAND, on NEW HAVEN, CONN'EGTIGUT, ASSIGNQR To PATENT OFFICE.

nEnRvKENEv, alina-WARRE &-co., AND JOS. JORDAN, JR.

IMPROVEMENT l-N PULP-MACHINES.

- Specification forming part of LettersPatent No 5,756. datgdseptembgr 5, 1848; .Reissue No.,l .l08, dated January 1, 1861.

description; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-' Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a pulping-engine constructed according to the principles of my invention. Fig. 2 represents .a'sectional view of the same cut vertically through the center of the shaft. Fig. 3 represome a side view. of that half" of the portion of the casing of the engine, adjacent to the revolving worker, which is removed in Fig. 2. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are perspective views of the knife-stocks, with their knives and filling; and Fig. 7 represents a perspective view of one of the additional weights or rims, to be used as hereinafter described. I

In pulping-engines constructed previous to my invention a series of disintegrating-knives are arranged lengthwise upon the "surface of a revolving cylinder, and are made to operate in combination with a' concave, (formed of similar'knives-'-that is applied to only a portion of the cylinder,) and with a casing, in such mannerithatthe material to be ground passes crosswise to the knives and to the shalt- .-of fi iecylinder of knives between a portion. of the cylinder of knives and the concave.

Such pulping-engines are defective because from the construction of the concave and of the casing which controls the direction in which the material passes through the engine but asmall portion of the revolving cuttingpulping effectually,

fectsot' preceding pnlpingengines so that the paper material may be reduced to the same fineness as is practicable with the old cylinder' pulping-engines, but with much greater speed than is attainable by means of them, and that the speed 'of grinding may be maintained .for a long period notwithstanding the wear by use. 7

.To this end the first part of my-invention consists in acombination, in a pulping-engine,

of two series of disintegrating-knives or cntl.

ters, as they are sometimes called, withtwo knife-stocks (between which the paper mate.

rial is passed and one of which revolves} in such manner that the edges of the said knives diverge from the axis'ot' rotation, sothat. the edges of the two series of knives can be set nearer to each other by moving one of the knife-stocks in the direction of its axis.

The second part of my invention consists ii a combination, in a pulping-engine, of the fol.- lowing elements, vi'z: First, two knife-stocks, between which the paper material is caused to pass and'one of which-rotates on a central axis; second, two seriesof disintegrating knives secured to the stocks; and, third, a

feeding-passage to and an exit-passage from the knife-stocks, so arranged relatively to the disintegratingrknives that the paper material,

in passing from one passage to the other, in; verses lengthwise with the knives. v

The third part of my invention consists in combining a series of diverging disin tegratin gknives upon the:knife-stocks of a pulping. engine with 'WQ d filling or its equivalent between the'knives,-which filling can be readilycut away,' as found necessary to'control the more or less rapid passage of the paper -material lengthwise with the disintegratings'urfaces. y

The fourth part of my invention consists in an arrangement of a series of knives upon the "passage than at the part of the knife-stock farther therefrom.

.The fifth part of my invention consists in combining a pair of knife-stocks having-diverging disintegrating-knives thereon, with suitable entry and exit passages for the paper material, and wlth a casing so constructed.

that it returns the partially-ground pulp between the knife-stocks for the purpose of carrying thegrinding of the pulpfarther.

. The sixth part of my invention consists in the combination of the revolving knife-stock -plifies my invention;

. traverses along the length of the knives.

passage of thepaper material inthe direction a. Q I V 1,108

of a pulping-engine with disinte'gratingrknives upon one side thereof, and Withalflfl or their equivalents upon the opposite side thereof, to prevent the paper material from lodging between the knife-stock and the casing or vat in which it revolves. v

The several parts of my invention are all embodied in the pulping-engine represented in the accompanying In this example the knife=stocks F G have a' disk or wheel form and are formed of castiron. The two are arranged horizontally in the bottom of a vat or casing, A, and the lower revolves, while the other, G, does not. The former I term the worker andthe latter the. bed. The worker hasa socket in it which fits upon a revolving-shaft by which it is caused to rotate on its axis. The adjacent faces of each kuife-stockare fitted with disintegratingknives q q, or cutters, as theyare sometimes called, which diverge from the. axes of the stocks. These cutters should be made of bars ot steel of the proper shape and tempered, and

inserted in dovetail slots, so that they may be easily insertedor removed and changed,

should this be necessary in consequence of v their being broken or wearing down too lowv .to work well. v against each other they are self-sharpeners,

As the cutters or knives grind and they work better after they have become properly fitted to each other by using them some timeth an they w'ill'when new. The bed 0 has an eye, K, at theceut'er, to form the 'entrypa'ssa-ge for the paper material to the disintegrating-knives, and the whole periphery of theknife-stocks is left unobstructed by the casing to form an exitpassage for. the paper material from the disintegratin g=knives.' As theknives in this example diverge. from the Y axis of rotation, the direction-of their length is in lines drawn from one of these passages -tothe other; hence the paper material in passing from, the entry to the exit-passage The of the knives is of'course modified by the revolution of the. knives, which, in addition, carries it across their edges, sothat the paper material describes spiral lines; but still the I paper material traverses along the length of the knives in contr'adisti nction to being merely made to travel across their cdges,as is the case in the knife-cylinder pulping engines previously in use.

The knives when new project some distance from the facescf their stocks, and the spaces between them, if left open, would permit the paper inatcrialito 'pass betweeinthe fknit'estocks so freely that it would not be properly ground by the knives. In order to prevent such a result the spaces between the knives are fitted in with wood, (or other material,) which can be readily cut away as the knives wear down, as found necessary, to control the more or less rapid passage of the paper ma. 'terial between the disintegrating-surlaces drawings, which excurformed by the knives. The knives artist-s11 of the same length, and they are arranged disintegrating-surt'aces is furthered by making the face of the bed G diverge from the worker as it approaches the entry-passage,as'shown at 12, Fig. 5. e

. The worker F and the bed G are surrounded by a casing or vat, A, which prevents the escape of the water in which the paper material is ground from'the latter until the two are drawn oft'togethr from suitable openings, j j, which are fitted with valves. As the present machine is intended to complete the grinding of the paper material by the same set of grinding-surfaces without intermission,..the casing is constructed so as to form a vat with a circular curve, a n, at the bottom to direct the material from the exit-passage toward the entry-passage, and as the knife-stocks inthis example are of a disk form, and one'rotates on its axis, the centrifugal force genera-ted by the rotation causes the paper material to as? cend the sides of the vat, while the force of gravity'causesit todescendin a column toward the entry-passage atthe eye of the bed, so that the paper material is caused to pass in a circuit nntilit is sufficiently ground.

As the knife-stocks in the present machine are set horizontally in the casing, the rotating shaft a, which imparts motion to the'worker F, is vertical. It passes'through a suitable packingbox, 0, in the casing, and its outer end is supported by a box, 11, in a bridge-tree,- D, that can be raised or depressed by means of a screw, E, to adjust the position of the worker F to the bed G. This shaftis fitted with a vbelt-pulley,- O, to which power is'a-pplied by means ot'a belt. I

The casing or vat 'A is supported by a suit-- able frame. Its bottom has a hallow space or socket in it, covered bya grating ,L, to form a sand-trap, which receives sand-0r other small and heavy substance that happens to be mixed with the papermaterial; I This sand-trap con rnunicates by means of a passage-with an orifice in the exterior of the casing which' is fitted with a valve or gate, 1, by wh'iehthe sand, &c'.,

collectedmay be permitted. to escape}; in

order that. the space betweenv the unde'r face of the worker and the'casing maypot-beeomc clogged by an accumulation ofpaper rnaterial the worker, prevent any material from lodging between it and the casing.

.sons to choke the engine.

cast-iron rims, like H, Figs.

A provision is made in the present engine to permit. the disintegrating-knives onthe two knife-stocks to separate .when the material tends from its coarseness or\fr'om other rea- In' order to permit this separation the bed G is not secured in an invariable .position,'but is sustained by three supports, 9 g g, which are received in sockets or spaces is in the circular curve n n. This mode of support prevents the upper knife stock or bed from turning with the lower, but permits it to move from the lower should too much material belcarried in, at any time between the two, or should any improper substance get into the engine with the material to be ground. It also permits the bed to be readily removed for repairs, &c. .As the retention of this movable knife-stock in its position in reference to the other knife-stock is due in this engine to the weight of the movable knife-stock, additions may be made to it (should it be found too light at any time) by 2 and 7, having a hole or eye, K, Fig. 7, through the center of the same size and shape as that in the bed. These rims should be held in their proper positions by steady-pins e e,'1 igs. 2-and T; or, for convenience, the bed maybe made of light weight, and any number of these .rims may be made of a convenient weight to bandle, and be placed one upon another on the bed until there is sufficient weight to insure the grinding of the paper material, thereby renderingthe bed more convenient to handle when necessary to be taken up for repairs, 8w.

Phelpss patent cylindrical rag-washer may be used in connection with a pulping-engine constructed as herein described by'attaching it as represented in the drawings at M, Figs. 1 and 2, N representing the hollow gudgeon or pivot through which the water is'let 011',

or any other washer may be used, as deemed most convenient in any case. p

The most important features of my pulpingengine are the construction and combination of the parts in such manner that the vpaper material traverses along the length of the disintegrating-knives, and the control of the passage of the paper material by a filling be" tween the knives of such character-that it can be cut away as required to regulate thislengthwise passage. From. the former it re-j' suits that the whole of the disintegrating, knives Ima from the latter that the speed of the grinding is under'the control of the workmam'who, by; cutting away the filling as the knives wear v be acting simultaneously, and

down, can keep the speed'ofthe passage of the paper material the same although the knives wear-down.

Having thus described a pulpingengine embodying all parts of my invention-,1 do not claim the stationary'bed, nor the revolving worker, nor the disintegrating-knives, Y nor the manner of inserting them in the wheels, when considered separately from the parts with which they are combined by me; but

,two series of disintegrating-knives with two kTiife-stoeks, between which the paper material is passed and'one of which revolves,,in

such manner that the edges of theknives diverge from the axis of rotation, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the following elements in a pulping-engine, viz: first, two knife-stocks, between which the paper materialis caused to pass, and one of which 1e'-=,

v volves on acentral axis; second, two series of disentegrating-knives secured to the stocks;

third, a feeding or entry passage to and an exit-passage from the knive-stocks, so arranged relatively to the disin tegrating-knives that the paper material in passingfrom one passage to the other traverses lepgthwise with the knives, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a series of diverging disintegrating-knifes upon the knife-stock of a pulping-engine, with filling between the knives which can be cutaway as found necessary to control the more or less. rapid passage of the paper material lengthwise with the disintegratingsurfaces, substantially as describedt 4. Arranging a series of disintegrating-Q knivesup'on the knife-stock of apulpingen-z gine in such manner that there are fewer knives near the entry-passage thanat the part of the knife-stock farther therefrom, sub-.

I stantiallyas' described.

5. The combination, in a pulping-engine, of I the following elements, viz a pair of knife.

stocks having diverging disintegrating-knives thereon, suitable entry and exit passages for the paper material, and acasin g so constructed that it returns the partially-ground pulp be tween the knife-stocks: for the I purpose of grinding the pulp further, substantially as described.

. 6. The combination ,in a pulping-engine, of the following elements, viz: arevolving-knife stock, a series of disintegrating-knives upon. one side thereof, and arms upon. the. opposite side thereof, substantially v I T In testimony whereof I have-hereunto subas described;

scribed my name- I GEORGE SWEETLAND'. \Yitnesses:

Enwn. GoonwIN, Jm,

SARAH A. GROVES.

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