USRE11072E - hyxtt - Google Patents

Description

J. W. HYATT.

Assignor to THE NEWARK FILTERING COMPANY. ART OF FILTRATION.

No. 11,072. Reissued Apr. 15, 1890 I ii I i l I 11: 2:15 I 5*: i 1? I I I I I I .--..'.;L5

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- JOIIN \V. IIYATT, OF NEVARK, NElV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NEWARK FILTERING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE ART OF FILTRATlON.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Reissued Letters Patent No. 11,072, dated April 15, 1890. 4 Original No. 293,749, dated February 19, 1884. Application for reissue filed August 30, 1886. Serial No. 212,267.

To. all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN \V. IIYATT, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of 5 New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Filtration, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in the art of filtration; and it consists, first, in

coagulatingt-he impurities and preventing any excess of the coagulant from passing oil in solution with the escaping water during a continuous process of filteri n g through a filter-bed composed of nz-lterial in comminuted form; r 5 second, in a sub-method in which iron or its 'compounds as coagulants, and lime as a precipitant, are employed; and, third, in a novel apparatus for giving effect to the invention sought to be protected hereby, all as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

I particularly recommend that metallic iron and lime, either independently or combined, may be employed as a coagulant and precipitant, owing totheir effectiveness for the purposes mention ed, the readiness with which they may be applied, and also in an economic point of view. I shall prepare the iron for use by obtaining iron borings, for convenience and economy, and reduce them by an ordinary paint-mill having burr-stones, or by an attrition-mill, or otherwise, to as near as may be an impalpable powder. In the employment of a paint-mill for this purpose the iron should be I 3 5 mixed with lime and water in the proportion of, say, two parts of iron to one part of lime and three parts of .water, by weight. The iron and lime may be pulverized while in'a dry state by an attrition-mill, thev water being a t-- teuward applied to give the mass a semi-liquid consistency. The iron and lime, after having been treated as described, are placed in the ejector, for introduction into the pipe supplying water to the filter. Too much importance cannot be given to iron and lime for the pur-* poses stated, whether said materials are employed in a continuous process such as that described, or in a process in which the impurities are coagulated in a tank, thcliquid I being afterward passed through a bed of filter- 5o the precipitant-as, for instance, lime-may be introduced into the supply-pipe either at or prior to the entrance of the water into the filter. 5 5 I In all casesvwhere the nature of the coagulant and precipitant will permit, they may be combined, and thus injected together into the water to be purified. The method of effecting the coagulation of the impurities and of prevent- 6o ing any excess of coagulant from passing off in solution with the escaping water will appear in full hereinafter in connection with the description of the apparatus whereby the invention is made use of.

In the accompanying drawings I illustrate an apparatus of novel construction, and the proper use of which involves an application of the invention sought to be protected hereby.

111 said drawings, Figure l is a plan view of an apparatus embodying the invention; and Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section of one of the ejectors forming a part of the saidapparatus, and hereinafter described. 7 5

A denotes a water motor or pump, which may be of any usual construction, having an inlet for water at B and an outlet at C. The outlet-pipe connects with the supply or inlet D to the filter E, a valve F being supplied in i the inlet-pipe D for the purpose of regulating the flow of the liquid.

The filter E is the usual two story filter, constructed on the principle described in Letters Patent of the United States granted to 8 5 me March (3, 1883, and numbered 273,542, and as embodied in several pending applications, one of which was filed on thelst day of Auggust,1883.

J represents the usual rotating spindle of the water-motor A, and upon its upper end is applied a driving-eccentric K, which is con-' nected with and actuates, when in motion, the rod L, hereinafter described. At a convenient relation to. the filter are arranged the ejeotors M and .N, each of which consists of the cylinder 0, a piston P, a head Q, which carries the screw R, and a rubber bag or diaphragln S, open at both ends when detached.

The diaphragm S, when expanded, snugly fills low, so as to permit of its having ahorizontal movement on the screw. Upon the outer portion of the screw R is rigidly applied the ratchet-wheel X, which is engaged by the pawl Y, secured upon the vertical lever Z, the lower end of thelever being loosely fitted upon a sleeve secured upon the outer portion.

of the screw R. The outer extremity of the screw R projects through the ratchet-wheel X, and is suitably squared to permit of its engagement by a hand wheel or crank when desired. The upper part of the lever Z of each ejector is supplied with a set-screw or analogous devicea, bymeans of which it is connected with the eccentric-rod L, the rod beingslotted at b, so as to afford a means of attachment to the levers. The interior surface of the cylinder 0 and the exterior surface oi the piston P are protected from contact with the sulphate of iron or other material employed as a coagulant or percipitant by the flexible diaphragm S.

From the --rear end of the cylinder Oand at its upper portion passes the ejector-pipe e to the supply-pipe D, as indicated, each ejectorpipe being provided with a check-valve f.

The water to be purified passes through the.

motor A and pipe D into the filt r, and at the same time suitable proportionate quantities of the sulphate of iron and the paste of lime (when these materials are used as coagulating and precipitating agents) are ejected through the pipes 6 into the pipe l), the quantity depending mainly upon the volume and quality of Water passing through the motor A, and being regulated-by the extent of the movement of the piston P. The water passing through the motor actuates the spindle J in the usual manner, and this communicates motion to the driving-eccentric K, which in turn imparts a reciprocating movement to the rod L and levers Z. The movement of the levers Z operates through the pawls Y to rotate slowly and at regular intervals the ratchet-wheels X, and these Wheels being rigidly afiixed upon the screws R cause the rotation of the same, whereby the piston P is given a horizontal movement toward or from the cylinder, according as the screws R are turned to the right or to the left. The rubber bags or diaphragms are charged with the material by removing the heads T, the pistons P being first drawn to the. extreme of their forward movement. It will appear obvious that when the pistons are gradually moved toward the heads T, through the operation of the pawljY 5 Y withinthe bags or diaphragins will be graduand ratchet X upon the screw R, the material ally forced upward through the pipes e and be discharged into the supply-pipe D.

In instances where the precipitant and the coagulant are independently-injected into the supply-pipe at or prior to the entrance of the li uid into'the filtering ap aratus, I will Then metallic iron is employed as the coag' ulant, the two substances will be introduced into a single,- ejector and byit forced into the supply-pipe D. Anyof the iron preparationssuch as perchloride of iron, persulphate ofiron, or sulphate of ironmay be utilized alone as a coagulant in the filtering process; but I have found. that when lime isemployed in addition thereto a reduced quantity of the iron may be used. When sulphate of iron is used as the oagulant, it will be ground with clay and water in the proportion of eight parts of the salt to one part of clay and two parts of water, forming a paste, in which condition it may be placedin the injector.

In lieu of the lime in the process he'reinbefore described, I may employ any alkaline carbonate or bicarbonate 'or caustic alkali withgood results. Sulphate of zinc or chloride of zinc may also be mentioned as additional coagulants, I

Iam aware of United States Patents No. 24;,026, dated May 17, 1859, and No.181,468,

dated August. 22,1876, arid British Patent No.

591 of 1873, all of which show means for mixing a chemical'with water in a purifying process.

My invention difiers from the constructions of the said patents in operating positively to eject '"a'fdefinite volume of the coagulant at each movement of .the ejecting apparatus,

while the said patents show only devices for f inducing a flow of theichemical solution to Ward the water which requires purification.

My invention is thus especially adapted for supplying a perfectly-uniform quantity of the coagulant to a given volume of the water when the latter is retainedv under pressure in a closed pipe and a means of positively forcing the coagulant therein is required. I hereby disclaim the construction shown in the said three patents.

What I claim as my invention, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In the art of filtration, the method'hereinbefore described of coagulating and arresting the impurities and of preventing any of substance which will. produce coagulation, and thena substance'which. will operate to the coagulating agents in solution passing off with the filtered water, which method con-.

sists, first, in introducing into the water. prior to or at its entrance into the apparatus-a13o precipitatethe'exoess of 'the coagulant and prevent any of the same in solution from passing off with the water, and finally allowing the water to pass through a bed of filter- 5 ing, material;

2. In the art of filtratioIn-the method hereinbefore described of coagulating and arresting the impurities and of preventing any of the coagulating material from passing off in IO solution withtho filtered water, which method consists in introducing iron and lime, snbstantiallyas des cribe'd, into the watelf prioi" to or at its entrance into the apparatus, and

then allowing the water to bed of filtering material.

In testimony that'I claim have hereunto aflixed 1n ence of two witnesses.

pass through a r g -z 5 the :foregoing I y name in the pres- JOHN W. H YAT T. In presence ofv 0. BALDWIN, THOS. S. CRANE.

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