USRE10592E - Tabular calculator - Google Patents

Description

2 sneets-sheer 1.

F. W.. CHILD. TABULAR CALCULATORe Reissued May 5, 1885.

m fm UNITED VSTATES PATENT- OFFICE.

FREDERICK w. CHILD, E eEEENwroH, 4ACONNECTicufr.

TABU LAP. CALCULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Reissued Lettera Patent No, 10,592, dated May' 5, 1885.

originario. 313,655, dated-March io, 1885.

.To aZZ whomit may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. GHILD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Greenwich, county of Fairfield, and

State of Connecticut, have invented certain new'and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Displaying Tables, fully fdescribedpand y represented in'the following specification and the accompanying drawings forming a part of the same.

The present invention relates to an appav ratus which is designed and adapted for use andparticularly by which calcula in displaying. all classes -of tables consisting of three factors, the said apparatus being especially adapted for the use of pay-masters,

book-keepers, salesmen, and others,who, from the nature, of their employment, arefobliged to makea'great number'of calculations 1in-4,

volving the process of multiplication. Where a large number of vsuch calculations have to'. be made,jand particularly where, as is frequently. the case, one of the factors is a mixed numberfa large amount of time ,is consumed and an amount of mental labor required which itis highly desirable to avoid. In addition to this, when `such calculations arelmade by the ordinary methods errors are liable, to occur,

which cause much annoyance and require conv without mental effort.

vThe construction of the apparatus embodying the invention, and the manner of using the same, will now be particularly' described yand explained in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figurol` is a plan-view of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a similar view, the top plate of cover beingremoved so as to expose the interior apparatus; and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectien taken upon the line w a: of Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring to said figures, vit is to be understood-that the apparatus, as therein shown, is composed of two face plates or sheets A B, of pasteboard or other suitable materiahb through the ,to the disks, and `so positioned that as displayed,

etwecn Application for reissue tiled April 11, 188,5.

u which are arranged a number of plain disks," c b c d ef,which are also composed of paste-v board or other similar material, and are made fast at their centers to studs g, whichvpass upon onel or ing calculations involving only multiplica.

tion, eachv of the disks a b c, dac., will be prov vided around the edge lof its upper face -with two rows of figures, k m the row 7c containing the numbers from l up to 50,- or 100, I,pr more, according to the capacity which it is 'desired to give to the apparatus,`and the row y m the numbers representingthe products of n .thennrnbjersf infthe row 7c when multiplied by an' arbitrarily-selected number representing the unit Auponwhich the calculations to be made upon' that particular disk are based..

`The plate A is .provided with. two series of sight-openings, l n,

disk. is revolved the numbers in the row k will be successively brought into view through the corresponding in number eachopening l, and the numbers in the row mi through the openihffce, as `shown in, Fig. 1.

Only a part of the numbers in the rows k m are shown in Fig. 2 but it is to be understood that said rows extend around the entire face of the disks, the rows 7c, as shown in 0- to 99, and the rows m the products of each of these numbers when multiplied, respectively, upon which the computations are based. In the cases of those numbers in the rows lc which consist of more than one figure the figures will preferably be arranged one above another, as shown, so that the reading willbe from the top down instead of .from l left to right. In the rows -m the gures constituting the numbers will preferably be arranged so as to read from left to right in the usual manner, as shown. The numbers in the rows k m will be 'arrangedin such relation to each other and to the sight-openings L that when any given number in the row k is exposed through the opening 'l the number representing the'product ci' that number when multiplied by the the present case, including the numbersfrom by the numbers representing the units 55 plates A B, and are provided both ends with knobs h, which, serve to hold the plates AB together, and also p for revolving the disks a b c, &c. When the apparatus is to be used for makl l also be observed that-,in overlapping, the disks.

unit upon which the computati-Onis basedbe exposed through thewill at the same time opening n. i

It will be observed that thedisks a b c, 85e., are arranged so as to overlap each other.v This is a feature of .considerable importance, as by arranging the disks in'this manner the number creasing the `capacity of the apparatus with.- out reducing the size of the disks or making the apparatus of an inconvenient size.- It will are -so arranged that a portion of eaehpdisk vcomes'neit toeach of the platesA B, and that' `thisportion is the same in each disk. This permits the openings la for each ofthe disks to be in. the same position with relation to 'the knob h, which is also a feature of importance. As illustrated-in thepresent case', the ap-V paratus is provided with six of the disks; but it is of course to be understood thatjthe number may be increased or diminished` aecordin g to the capacity which it is desired'tofgive to the apparatus..

.Above each of the some convenient position with relation tothe knob h, preferably between it andthesightopening l, :the 4 plate A is provided iwithanumber, @representing the unit uponwhieh the 3'O` compntatiOns to be made upon tha'tparticular 4disk..are-based. L [f'fth'e apparatus is designed for use in computing wages, thev 'numbers jp will represent'. the rate of wageslp'e-r--hour or peifxday, ortho. sum per lpiece paid to the dit .ferent 'classes of workmen inf the'est'ablislif rment,`.whi1 e it' theappara'tus isdesigned for the use of salesmen oricashiersfthe numbers p will represent the price per yard or of the'diff'erent articles sold.V 4ov The mannerof using theapparatus just de- ,v the-apparatushas been constructedv adapted/tofeompute-wages at the ratespaidin 1 a certainfactory, and that the pay-mas`ter upon looking 'at' the pay-roll nds that a certain apprenticelwhose, wagesare sixand oneens-rter` scribed isasffollows: Itbeing vassumed that :cent-spor hour isfentitled-to pay for sixteen I hours, he thenturnsthe knob' hoi' the disk a until the number 16 is exposed through the opening l. By then glancingat the'opening n `he readslOO, and knows that the amount to be paidis one dollar. If the pay-rollshows that a workmanlwhos'e Wages 'are `titty-seven and one-half centslper houris entitled to pay 55. ydisk/"until thenumber 2.2 appears'atlthe openfor twenty-two hours,he'turnsthe'knoboffthe lin'glf, and thenreads 1265 thronghthe opening n., and knows that the '.ilollars and sixty-iivejcents.

I* i v v f befintoposition to .bei'exposedgthrough the sum to be paid istwfelve .euiak-sh .0f ...the knobs. laylbe' ii- 'ded vi'th'afipointer, s ,the vend of" which yis arrangedto move over a small scale, r, upon the plate A, `'as show-n in. connectionwith one of the knobs in Fig. 1 By this means'itlie knob h can' be quickly. turned .untilthepointer s is vdisksa-b c,`&c.', and in as tobe.

a seriesof the disks, a b c, Src.

near the point upon the scale r corresponding with the number in the row k which it is (1esired to expose,`ai'ter which the knob will be turned slowly until the desired number comes into view, .thus saving considerable time when the disk basto be moved a considerable dis- ,tance to bring the proper number into position. ot' the disks may be greatly increased, thus in- It' it should be desired to increase the capacityofthe apparatus without increasing the number of the disks, th'eopposite sides of the disks may be Yprovided with rows offigures t v (see dotted linesin Fig. 2) corresponding Vto the rows k m, and the plate B with sightopenings y z and numbers w, corresponding to Ythe openings l n and numbers p, so thaty by j turningthe apparatus over, so as to bring the plate B to the top, another series of computations ean be made.l This is also a feature of importance.' 1 .l

Ifit should be desired to give great capacity to the apparatus, a number of the single` or Vdouble apparatuses suchv as just Idescribed may be hinged together, .like the leaves of a book, and thus form an apparatus from'which.

a great variety of multiplications can be made.-

When a number of the apparatuses are made'` into book form vin this manner, the'knobs h will preferably be dispensed with, so'that the( plateso'f the several apparatuses will liecloseiy together,.and sockets provided in theist'uds g,

into which a key can be inserted to turn the disks. 'When the knobs h are dispensed with in this manner, the plates A'Bl will be held togather by othersuitable means.

Although, as before stated, it is .preferable that'the numbers in' the-rows Ik t should be arranged-to read from the top down andthe numbersin'the rowsm u from left to right, yet this `arrangemen t''of the numbersis not essential. wif. j v

' Althoughfas before stated, the apparatus is especially,adapted` for making Vcomputations involving tleprocess of multiplication, yet it' Irc wilflfbe found'nseful for displaying many other classes of tables. For example, it may bear ranged for use in computing interest.V In such case the numbers p will represent the rate per cent., the Vnumbers in the rows k the time.. inl

days,andthenumbers in therows in the a u funt 'fof one dollar at the rate indicatedby t enumbers p forthe different numbersof Iday'siildicatedinthe rows la ,j or the apparatus maybe arranged for'displaying the prices of the dif- .ferent parts of va machine.V In such case the numbers piowillrepresent,the lcharacter of "the machine- La., its size, Stdthe numbers in. therows atf'the diifereiitlparts, a'nd the n umbers'in the rows m e' 'the price; or, in fact, it `may he `so arranged. asto .display any table consisting of three' factors.Vv j

In some. .cases whereit. `is, .t apparatus especial i' on one or both sides ofwhich will be arranged In such case the face plate or 'and thin.

. .y Stress aud-rigid; the 'V 'studs g maybejoirii'aled in a thick base-piatte,

plates can be made very light their opposite sides with the Aconcentric rows of numbers 7am and t fu, bearing the described relation to each other, and the plates A B, arranged upon opposite sidesl of said disks and ,2o havingthe sight-openings Zn and y z, one for each row of numbers upon the disks, and providedlwith the numbers p w, bearing the de` scribed relation to the numbers in the rows k yVlhat I claim is LThe herein-described calculating or dis playing apparatus, composed of the series of revolvingdisks a b c, Svc., arranged .to overlap each other, as described, and provided. with theconcentric'rows of numbers k m, bearing thedescribed relation to eachother, andthe plate A, arranged to cover said disksand havf ing'the sight-openings En', onefor each row of m and t e. 1o numbers upon the disks, and 'provided with In testimony whereof l have hereunto set the numbersp, bearing the desribedrelation myhandr'rthe presence of two subscribing 7 witnesses.

. FREDERICK W. GEILE.

to the numbers inthe rows 7c m.' v 2. The herein-describedcalculating or displaying apparatus,composed of thel series of Witnessesz 15 revolving dislrsorl b c, &c., arranged tooverlap 4 T. H.' PALMER,

' J; A. Hover.

eachother, as described, and provided-'upon

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