USRE8937E - Improvement in steam-engine governors - Google Patents

Description

1 2 Sheets-Sham A. LAWRENCE,

Assignor, by mesme assignments, to H. SNYDER Steam-Engine Governor. No. 8,937. yReissmed Ot. 21, 18791K.

FIG. I1.

f7 A TTORN EY A WITNESSES l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTCE.

ALVIN JAVRENUE, 0F LOWELL, MA

SSAHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESSE ASSIG-NMlilNTS, TU HENRY SNYDER, OF PHILADELPH IA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPRGVEMENT IN STEAM-ENGINE GOVERNORS.-

Specification orn'iing part of Letters Patent No. 52,789, dated February 20, 18Go; Reissue No. 8,937, dated October 21, 1579; application filed September 25, 1879.

To all 107mm it 'may concern:

Bc it known that I, ALVIN LAWRENCE, ot Lowell, in the county et Middlesex and State otMassachusct-ts, have invented a new and useful lm proved Method of Operating the lhrotu tle or Cut-Oft' Gear ot' Steanrlngines,and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description ot the same, reference being had to the aecoinpauyi ng d rawings, nia king a partof vthis specification, in which* Figure is a vertical central section of my invention. Fig. 2 isa plan or top view on the line A D of Fig. l. lidig. 3 is a back view ef the cylinder, valve-stein, spring, and supplypipe pertaining to the saine.

My invention consists in combining and ar ranging a valve with a cylinder, or its equivalent, in such a manner that said valve may he operated by the governor, and the admission and exhaust ports opened and closed to admitihe fluid under pressure into either end of the cylinder and txhaust the lluid out of either end of the same, as the action or' the governor may determine.

My invention also consists in the arrangement o' a spring secured to any suitable snp! port, and so arranged as to engage with the valve stem or rod and restore said valve to its central position il', hy reason of backlash or loss of motion in the working` parts of the governor, said governor should fail to act in time. Said spring is intended to act a little in advance ot' the motion ol' the governor.

In the drawings, Als the cylinder, provided with a pist n1-l1ead,", and a piston-rod, C, also, a valve, D, arranged 4 to operate within a valve-chest, E, which communicates with the cylinder A hy ports c e2 and passages a a?.

The groove o in the substance of the valve D is for admission ot' fluid around the said valve t0 either ot'jthe ports c. ereg. The grooves a' a provide for tht-.exhaust o't' luid which passes from the cylinder through ports c' or ez and passages e cr a? and openings c c and the eenter f of the valve. lhe grooves u fu are for packing, to prevent the escape of ilnid around the top or bottom ends ot' the valve. a A supplypipc, F, enters the hack side of' the valvechest E, and is provided with a cock, ,G, by which the quantity of tluid' admittedfto the cylinder may he regula-ted so as to move the piston fastor slow when the ports c or e? are opened to receive the said iluid.

The cylinder A may he fitted and securedto the hed-plate H, or a separate head may be se cured to 'the lower end ofthe cylinder. i

A ball-governor or other suitable device is secured to the bed-plate H, or otherwise conveniently arranged, and the spindle J of the governor connected with the stem ofthe valve D hy a swivel, 71., which rotates in a socket, g, made in the stein ofthe valve D to receive it. The top end of the swivel-rod enters the lower end of the spindle J of the governor, and is secured thereto hy a pin, l).

A spring, K, secured at one end to the substance ot' the valve-chest E, and the other end engaged with the stem of the valve D, serves to restore said valve to its central position and perfectly closetheports atboth ends oi' the cylinder before the balls of the governor have fully returned to their normal plane, regardless ot' backlash or loss ot' motion in the working parts of said governor, caused hy wear or otherwise.

Motion may he imparted to the governor by a holt ruiming from a pulley on the shaft of the engine to the pulley L ot' the governor, said pulleys being of proper diameters to correspond with the required speed of the engine.

The fluid used to operatethe pistou B may he water, oil, er the equivalent thereof', and the pressure may he that of the boiler which supilles steam forthe encine or it ina f be the pressure of a tank or reservoir or any other available pressure 5 and when 1n y invention is applied to a steam-engine, substantially as herein shown and described, increased speed to rise and nieve the spindle J of the governor I of the engine causes the balls ofthe governor and the valve D downward a sniiicient distance to allow tluid to pass from the supplypipe F around the groove'o of the valve D,

throunh thel erts e' and assavfe a into the e r) n a lower end of the cylinder A, forcing the pistou upward to move the lever M, or anyother device connected with the top of the piston-rod C, in one direct-ion, said lever or other device to be connected with the .throttlcor cut-oit' gear of the engine l; and when the speed of the engine is diminished, the balls' of the gever# nor fall, which raises the spindle J andl the valve D, and admits fluid around the groove o of the valve D, through the ports 62 and passages a2, into the. upper end of the cylinder A, forcing the, piston downward and moving the lever M or other-device in the opposite diree' tion, thus operating the throttle or cut-off gear -with great force and a steady motion.-

When an engine having my invention connected as specified is running at its proper speed the balls ot` the governor revolve in their normal plane, and the valve D is in its central position, and both of the ports c' and c l are closed, and no ordinary force can movethe y throttle or cut-off gear in either direction until the speed et' the engine is changed.

In the ordinary 'process of operating the throttle or eut-ott' gear ot' steam-engines, the 'spindle ot' the governor is connected with the throttle or cut-oil' gear, and avhen the load 'upon the engine is increased the balls of the governor fall to open the throttle or adj ust the veut-oli' gear and admit a greater volume of steam to thecylinder to drive the increased j; load, and when increased load is thrown upon .11., `the engine and the balls ot' the governor fall, as above stated, the 'speed of the engine is di- L *Ininished in proportion to the load, for'it the engine recovercd'its speed the balls of the governorwould rise and close the throttle,and no r greater volume of steam'wonld be admittedto, thecylinder with a heavy load than with a light load, and when a considera-ble portion of the load is thrown oit' from the engine the speed is increased and the balls of the govn ernor rise and close the throttle or adjust the Heut-off gear to admit a less volume ot' steamto the cylinder; and when said load is thrown oft' from the engine, and the balls ot' the governor rise, hereinabove stated, the speed of the vengine Ais increased in proportion, for it' the engine returned to its speed the balls of the governor would fall and open the throttle or adjust the'cut-oit gear so as to admit the same ,volume of steam for a light load as' for a heavy one. I n either case, if the engine run p at its proper speed, theballs of the governor 4 Awill revolve in vtheir norm al plane, and increas-r ingor diminishing the load upon the engine [increases or diminishes the speed of the eligine. "In the use of my invention .to operate the @throttle or cut-0H gear of steanrengines, when the load upon the engine is increased ordininlishcd the balls of the governor rise or fall, and thereby raise or` lower, the valve D, to vopen either of the ports c' or c2, as the case fn'lay'be, and admit iinid intoleither end ot' the l[cylinder A, to force the piston upward or downand open or close the throttle or adjust utfof gear` so as to admit a sniiicient voln Qeof steam 'to drive the said load and allo r*the engine to resume its proper speed, v,when the throttle has been dpcned or 'je osedj'or the eut-oli gear'adjustcdyas above `stated, and the en giiie attains its proper speed, the lhalls of the governor will resume their normal plane, operating the valve D and closing both of the ports e and e2, leaving the throttle opened or closed, as the ease may be, a sulieient distance, or the cut-oit' gear properly adjusted to admit the required volume of steam to' drive ther engine at its proper speed with the load increased or diminished.

When the pressure of steam in the boilernis diminished the speed of the engine is also diminished, and th'e ballsot1 the governor fall, causing the throttle to open and admita greater volume of steam to the cylinder of the engine, thus making up in volume what is lost in pressure, and when the pressure of steamin the boiler is increased the speed of the engine is also increased,and the balls of the governor rise, causing the throttle to close, thus decreasv ing in volume what is gained in pressure, and

thereby maintaining uniform speed under varying loads and pressures, which is the object of this invention. 4

It will be observedthat the efticiency of the valve D for the purposes and in the operation described depends,in large part,on the presence in it and in the cylinder A of a system of ports vandpassages suitably arranged for admitting fluid-pressure to one side of the moving piston or the other, and also for simultaneously exhaustin g fluid-pressure from the opposite side. Thus the ports' and passa-ges described constitute, in eiect and function, two supply andtwo exhaust ports. Y

W'hat'I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. rEhe combination of a governor, a valve, f

D, operated by such governor, a cylinder, A,

for receiving and by suitable means, as dev 4. The supply-pipe Fand cock G, incombination with the cylinder A, valve-chest E, valve D, and a governor connected with a-nd operating said valve, substantially as set forth. 5; A regulating device for steam-engines, in which areY combined the following elements,

namely: a cylinder, A, closed at both ends and having a piston the rod.ot' which is connected witha throttle-moving device, a system of ports and passages for admitting tluidpressure to and exhausting it fromvthe ends ot' the cylinder on opposite'sidcs of the piston,and a l I centrifugal governor arranged to open and close such ports and passages, substantially as set forth. y

6. The method of actuating the throttle or eut-ott' gear of a steam-engine by means of a 'pisto1run-der lhl'idqressuro, such pressure Der ing regulated by the 'varying speed of a ro volving governor, substantially as sotforth.

7. A speed-regulator consisting of the oombinatiou of n governor, a valve operated thereby and rogulaing tho supply of udfpressure to a cylinder having a pistou, and a throttlc or out-off gear Connection from Surah piston, substantially as described.,

S. A pistou moved by :L mid under pressure to conro tho throttle or out-or' machin ism7 in combination with a valve to regular@ such fluid-pressure and a governor to commu menge motion fo the vn1vo,s1 1bsmnti&l1y as soa forth.

In tostimony whcroof' have hereunto set my hand.

. ALVIN LAWRENCE.

Wtnesses: y

FRANK O.. BUTTERFIELD, ABBOTT LAURENCE,

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