USRE7464E - Improvement in tempering and forming articles of steel - Google Patents

Description

G.F'. lSIMONDS.

Assignor to the SIMONDS MANUFACTURING COMPANY.'

TEMPERING AND FORMING ARTICLES oF STEEL. No. 7,464.

vRessud Jla.n.16, 1877.

a' .dnyenarf l a @7i m M w Q mi mums Pneus? o, wow-umn.. wAsHn'Nnron,

`opened within the tempering-chamber.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICml GEORGE F. SIMONDS, 0F FITGHBURG, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE SIMONDS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLAGE.

v.IMPROVEMENT IN TEMPERING AND FQRVMING ARTICLES OF STEEL.

ASpeciiication forming part of Letters Patent.No.r169,736, dated November 9, 1875; reissue No. 7,464, dated 1f January 16, 1877; application ti led December 12, 1876.

DIvIsIoN A.

Figure l is a central vertical cross-section.` Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section above the oven. Fig. 4, separate views ot' the formers.-

My invention relates to the hardening, tempering, and bringing' to their ultimate forms articles of steel, or of steel and iron combined,

and is an improvement on Patent No. 151,167, dated May 19, 1874; and it consists in the process and in several combinations ot' devices, hereinafter explained and claimed, whereby saws may be tempered and straightened without the usual process ot hammering.

To enable others skilled in the art to make y and use myinvention,l` willproceed to describe the exact manner in which I have carried it out. Y

In the said drawings, A A represent the walls of an oven; B,the roof; C, the trebox,

and D the tempering and forming chamber.'

Above the lire-box is placed the lire-proof tile a, to distribute the heat in its passage to the tempering and forming chamber. .This chaluber I make air-tight, and of any suitable material, preferably boiler iron, with hot air chambers H on each side and above it. The door L, which closes the temperingchamber, I prefer to line with asbestus or other non-con` ducting material to prevent the escape of heat by radiation; but this is not essential to the successful working of my invention. The formers c c are suspended in the temperingchamber, as shown in Fig. 1, by means of the revolving shafts b b', provided with the necessary bearings in the frame-work E E. The outerrends of these shafts are provided with screws ff, by which they can be moved longitudinally, and the formers can be closed or By means of the wheel F the shaft b may be readi- 1y revolved, and when the formers are brought in contact or closed on an article to be tcmpered it is evident that the shaft b will also be caused to revolve with the shal't brand thc two foriners may be revolved within thc che snber D. This revolution ot' the formel-s may become desirable in order to secure more. cer tainly a uniform temperature The great purpose ot' this coiistruction is to place the article to be tempered and formed entirely out of the reach of any draft, and thus secure an evenness of heut essential to success. The heat in the surrounding cha-inbers H may be readily regulated or directed from one'portion of the chamber Dto another by means ot' the sin'all vents e e through theI top of the furnace.

'Vhen the saw or article to be tempered und brought to its ultimate form has been proper ly hardened it is placed between the tormers c c, the door is closed, and the article is secured in position by the gradual mvcinentof the screws ff until the pressure is suflcicnt to bring the piece to the'desired form, where it is held subjected to the perfectly uniform and desired amount of heat until the article takes a permanent set to the required form, when it can be removed to make place for another.

My formers c c are of a novel construction, as shown in Fig. 4. The face ot' the former, instead ot'bein g asmooth latsurface, is grooved in such a'manner as to divide it up into numerous small surfaces resembling somewhat the face of a waffle-iron. Behind this face is a series ot lradial ribs, k, to strengthen and support the saine.

I nd it desirable to make the former double by interposing between the face-plate and the backing an open space, l, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 4, so as to admit the heat freely over the rear of the face plate, which, being ot' uniform thickness, is thus more certainly heated to a uniform temperature.

It is evident from the description herein given of my apparatus for tempering and straightening saws, that, by using a long horizontal tempering and forming chamber, bandsaws of any length or size may be successfully made.

Instead of the farmers used for pressing the ordinary circular saws, band-saws may be stretched while being subjected to the heat in the tempering; and forming chamber with perfeet success.

The leading object of my invention is to produce a perfect saw without the necessity of hammering; and I nd. at'ter a long series ol experiments, that. in order to readil y straight en the saws and leave them suciently hard it is necessary to use a more highly-carbonized steel than it is practical to use by the present mode of straightening by hammering, by which means, in connection with my improved oven and devices, I notonly secure the desiredobject, but produce an article very much superior in may respect-s to tho'se made by the old method.

It is evident from the above description that the formers may be arranged Within the air-` tight chamber otherwise than vertically, as shown in Fig. 1, without'departlng from the spirit of my invention, the essential feature of which is the means for securing a perfectlyuniiorm temperature in thc formers and tempering-chamber.

In the manufacture of saws it is lnot only necessary that they be straightened or brought to any required form, but also that the strain or tension of the steel be properly adjusted, as a saw brought to a perfect plane or other desired l'orm will not work satisfactorily if the strain or tension is irregular or improper. This difticnlty has to some extent been overcome in the hammering process bypening or drawing those part-s that are fast,7 which term among' saw-makers signifies too small,

'to conform to the parts that are loose, or

are too large; but it being an impossibility to hammer or pene a saw uniformly, the strain necessarily is unequal, and a source ot' are easily thrown out of position, and reducing' them in size by filing or otherwise removes those parts held by the penng, cans' ing them to Warp.

Having thus described myinventiom'what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is I l. Eoriners' c c, constructed with a crossgrooved face, substantially as described, and for thepurpose set forth.

2. The combination ot' formers for holding articles to any required position with an airtight oven, D, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of formers for holding articles to any required position with an ai rtight oven, D, i'nclosed in a heating-furnace, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of formers c c, revolving-shafts b b with oven D inclosed in a heating-furnace, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of for-mers c c, revolving` shafts `b b', and screws fj' withV oven D inclosed in a beating-furnace, substantially `as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In'coinbinat-ion with a tempering-oven, revolving vertical formers, substantiallyv as and for the purpose set forth.

GEO.. F. SIMONDS.

Witnesses: v

B. K. EvANs, GEO. H. EVANS.

much trouble. The saws in use beingliable to tremble,

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