USRE6890E - Improvement in base-burning stoves - Google Patents

Description

E. SMITH.

BASE-BURNING sTovE.

Reissue@ Feb. 1, 187e.

ELIHU SMITH, OF

PATENT OFFICE ALBANY, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO SAMUEL H. RANSOM, TRUSTEE.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNlN-G STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 127,653, dated J une 4,1872; reissue No. 6,890, dated y February l, 1876 application filed November 8, 1875.

To all whom it may conce/m:

Beit known that I, ELIHU SMITH, of the city and county of Albany, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Base'- Burnin g Heating-Stoves, of which the following is a specification:

The design of the present invention is to produce a stove which shall embody the following elements, Viz: Special channels to conduct currents ot' air into close contact with the interior of the stove; also, aconvex grate or rebed supported uponlugs on' a dust-ring, and having its periphery below the bottom of the re-pot, and entirely detached from the interior Walls of the stove; also, a chute-ring at the bottom inner edge of the fire-pot, adapted to direct the coal in the lire-pot toward the center ofthe grate or ire-bed; also, an illuminati'ngfqsection in the stove, between the ring which supports the re-pot and the intermediate ring; also, a suitable slot or openings in the body or wall of the stove, opposite the space between the periphery of the grate or fire-bed and the bottom of the lire-pot; also, rear ascending and descending lines, incased in the body of the stove and rising above the upper edge ot' the fire-pot, adapted to carry 0E the products of combustion laterally from the combustion-chamber, and to prevent them from passing up around the magazine; also, an annular flue around the base and below the ash-pit section, and adapted to form a partition of the flue communication between the re-pot and escape-lines, also, an arrangement of devices by which the direct radiation from the fire-pot, with its poisonous gases, is prevented from escaping into the apartment.

These elements, in their various combinations aud arrangement, as hereinafter will be explained, and whereby an effective and beautiful heating-stove is constituted, form the object and scope of the present invention, as will be now more fully set out and explained.

Figure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a vertical -central section from front to rear, showing the grate or fire-bed supported below the dust-ring, so that the former may be dumped, if desired, while the latter will prevent the fuel from-sliding olf the grate. Fig.

3 is a plan view on theline .r in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line y y in same figure. Fig. 5 is a detail, in section, showing the grate or fire-bed resting upon the lugs on the dust-ring.

Like letters indicate like parts in each ligure.

In the accompanying drawings, A denotes an inverted funnel-shaped air conductor and deflcctor placed beneath the recessed base of the stove. `Air from the room'in which the stove is placed, or from the opening in the floor beneath the delector, passes through said deilector, and is conducted through an 'veX grate or tiret-bed, and is provided with a detachable cap, a, which cap may be removed and connection made with the central pipe C by means of ajoint of pipe, (shown in dotted lines,) whereby the air may be conducted through the center of the stove, and out at the top. This branch is so curved as to permit the dumping of the grate or firebe'd by which it is encircled, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The branch B2 enters and opens into the pipe D in the rear of the lirepot, which pipe connects with the pipes F and D1, and from the latter into the pipe D2, whence it opens into the room through the top ofthe stove. An opening, d', at the top ofthe pipe F, permits air to enter said pipe, and, passing down the same into the top of the pipe D, is discharged into the pipe D1, thence up into pipe D2, and out of the top of the stove into the room. The dame and gases from the lire encircle the pipes D1 and F as they pass through the combustion-chamber W, the walls of which are set with mica lights, and the air which is conducted through them becomes highly heated, and rises in a rapid current through the pipes D1 D2, producing a thorough circulation of the air inthe room. It' desired, the air which passes through the pipe Dz may be further. conducted through the stove by being made toenter the flaring pipe E through an opening near the top of iiue D2, and, passing down around the central ue c, will enter said fluethrough holes b, whence it aseo will rise and nd eXit at the top. Both the center and the side dues may be in operation atY the same time, if desired. G is the fuelmagazine, which may be shaken or jarred by means of a pokeror other convenient instrument from the outside, to feed the fuel to the lire-pot should it become clogged or choked. The grate or re-bed M is convex in shape, and may rest either above the dust-ring c, upon suitable lugs c2, as shown in Fig. 5, or below the ledge e, as shown in Fig. 2, and in the latter case it can lbe soarranged and adjusted as to be dumped when occasion requires, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

In the walls of the stove is a suitable slot or opening, k, opposite a horizont-al space, k', `between the periphery 'of the grate or rebed, and the bottom ot' the tire-pot, and by this means opportunity is aEorded to insert a poker when it is desired to shake the grate or lire-bed. Likewise the walls of the stove in this section, which is shown by the letter T, and which may be denominated the illuminated re-pot section, may be provided with openings m for illumination. This illuminated section, occupying nearly the vertical central portion ot' the stove, and placed between the ring lt that constitutes the grate or fire-bed support and that shown by the letter P, upon which the {ire-pot is pendent, gives a greater degree of solidity and strength to the stove, without detracting from its appearance. A langed collar or chute, c', is provided, resting upon a shoulder formed around the inner circumference ot' the lire-pot, just above the grate or fire-bed, to prevent the coals from becoming wedged between the grate or :tirebed and re-pot, so as to interfere with the movement ofthe former, and to deflect the coals toward the center ot' the grate or rebed.

The products of combustion may escape from the tire-pot L directly through the dampered opening h into the top of the rear incased ascending-line H, and then to the exit-pipe, or, by closing said damper h, be led into the incased descending rear flue I, and thence into the annular iiue K, about the base, and, from this, escape upward through the rear incased Hue H and out of the exitg or g. These exits are arranged so that if it is desired to carry the stove-pipe into the chimney at a point above the stove, the pipe would be placed on the collar of' the exit g, a suitable cap being used to cover the exit g. Should theventrance to the chimney be at a lower point, the pipe may be connected with the exit g', while the exit g `may be closed by a suitable stopper.

It will be noticed that the tire-pot L is snpported by, and pendent from, the ring P, Vforming a close joint therewith, thereby cntting oli' all communication between the ashchamber and the combustion-chamber, except through the fire-pot. The ash-drawerN is recessed at the back so as to pass beyond and embrace the flue B. A damper, I', is provided inthe rear of the ash pit or chamber, by which.

means thc draft can be regulated and a dustescape afforded direct to the exit-pipe.

In the recess formed around the top of the combustion-chamber, mica-lights d are inserted, through which light is thrown out t0 the top of the room. By'means of these lights the condition of the fire can readily be examined. the usual draft-door, covering an opening through which the ash-pan may also be Withdrawn.

My stove may be employed as a drum for utilizing heat generated elsewhere, by removing the cap from the opening Z, in the annular Hue k, and making connection with a stove,

furnace, or other heating apparatus in a room below.

[n the operation of my stove it will be observed that air-currents entering through the ash-pit proper for the purpose of feeding-combustion not only pass through large and numerous openings in the grate or tire-bed, but, by reason ofthe entire detachment of the latter from the walls of the stove and from the fire-pot, pass around the periphery of the grate or firebed and under the lower edge of the lire-pot, through the space between it and the top of the grate or tire-bed, so that there is supplied4 to the incandescent coal, near its outer edgesV and toward its center, a'large supply of air. Through the branch B of the central flue,when the lineated pipe S is removed and the cap a in place, there is supplied an additional volume of air to the very center of the incandescent fuel. With the ordinary revertible-lue system such a supply of air would be too great to effect a perfect combustion, but, by reason of the incasement of such lines and the direct heating of the ascending due by the products of combustion, the currents passing along such, `iues are hastened in their movements, so that the supply of air aiorded is not excessive, and the result is a more perfect combustion of the coal, and of all resultant gases. An objection prevails very generally to allowing the air `heated to a very high degree by contact with iron, also heated to a high degree, for the reason that the carbonic-acid gas evolved from the latter so impregnates the former as to be injurious to health. To obviate this evil a a space, O, is left between the pendent tire-pot and the wall of the section T, which space, being filled with air, prevents the .direct radiation from the fire-pot beyond the wall ot the stove. A communication between this chamber O and the ash-pit properYis had by means of the space between the grate or fire-bed and the walls of the stove, the former being entirely detached from the latter, as hereinbefore described. By opening the dampers I' and h the poisonous gases are drawn from the chamber 0, through the annular space'k, to the exitpipe, and discharged into the chimney. q

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A heating-stove provided with a back or side fiue and lues B B1 B2 for conducting air Inv the ash-pit proper, Y, there isV aseo i from the side of or from beneath the stove, through the com bustion-ehamber and out into the room, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a heating-stove, provided and in combination with back or side iiues, luesB B1 B2, for conducting air from the side, or from the Hoor below the stove, through the combustionchamber, and out into the room, and the flue F, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the curved tube B Bl B2 and. central and side flues C and D, substantially as described.

4. Ihe curved branch B1 of the iue B, to permit the dumping of the grate or fire-bed.

5. The combination oi the deeetor A, tube B B1 B2, and tlues C and D, substantially as described.

6. The flue B, with its branches B1 B2, in combination with the combustion-chamber and an openingthrough the side or bottom of the stove for the admission of fresh air.

7. In aheating-stove, ascending anddcscending ues incased at the rear and within the walls of the stove, flues below the ash-pit, a

grate or fire-bed the periphery of which is .below the b'ot-tom of the iire-pot, and the iront of the lire-pot cut away at its base, combined to operate substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

S. In a heating-stove, and in combination with the grate or lire-bed placed below the bottom of the lire-pot, a dust-ring in the ash-pit section, to guide the ashes into the ash-pan, substantially as described.

9. In a heating-stove, ascending and descending tlues incased within the rear ot the stove, iiues in the base below the ash-pit section, a space between the periphery of the grate or tire-bed and the bottom of the lire-pot, an opening in the outer shell of the stove, opposite the tire-pot, a dust-ring in the ash-pit section, and a damper in said ash-pit section, affording communication between the same and one ot' the vertical fines, combined substantially as specified.

10. 1n a heating-stove, and in combination therewith, a dust or ash ring within the ashpit, projecting inwardly and downwardly, for the double purpose of guiding the ashes and debris ofthe fuel above into the ash-pan below. and of forming a support to the grate or tire-hed, substantially as set forth.

11. In a heating-stove, a grate or re-bed below the bottom of the fire-pot, and supported upon lugs or studs on the dust-ring, substantially as described.

12. In a heating-stove, a re-pot shortened in front, a grate or re-bed below the bottom of the fire-pot, a dust-ring in the ash-pit, and an opening or openings in the shell or wall of the stove, opposite the lower portion of the Eire-pot, and combined to operate substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

13. In a heating-stove, and in combination therewith, an independent illuminated section around the hre-pot, and with no communication between it and the combustion-chamber, in combination with an open space between the wall or shell of said section and the repot, substantially as specified.

14. In a heating-stove, the rear projections, whereby the flues in'cased therein rise above the top of the re-pot and take the products of combustion from the combustion-chamber ata point above the top of said fire-pot, in combination with a base-flue below the bottom of the ash-chamber, substantially as set forth.

l5. In a heating-stove, and in combination therewith, a grate supported, in whole or in part, upon the dust-rin g, and entirely detached from the inner walls of the stove, and with its periphery below the bottom of the fire-pot, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a heating-stove, and in combination, a grate or tire-bed entirely detached from the walls of the stove, a fire-pot, a combustionchamber, and a rear and base system of flues, whereby air taken from the front through the usual draft-openin gs and in the draftchamber, highly heated, passes around the periphery of said grate and is conducted down the descending fine, around the base, and up the ascending flue, for the purpose of heating the base of the stove, substantially as shown and described.

17. In combination with a tire-pot, the flange c', for the purpose of deflect-ing the coal onto the grate and preventing it from wedging between the grate or lire-bed and tire-pot, substantially as described and shown.

18. In a heating-stove, the grate or fire-bed entirely detached from the walls of the stove and capable of being rotated, substantially as described and shown.

ELIHU SMITH.

Witnesses:

B. BENTON, J. 1?. SANFoaD.

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