USRE6862E - Improvement in steam-generators - Google Patents

Description

UNITED ASTATES JOSEPH A.

MILLER, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

'IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 62,494, dated February 26, 1867 Reissue No. 6,862, dated January 1S, 1876; application tiled November 19, 1875.

`To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH A. MILLER, formerly of the city, county, and State of New York, but now ofthe city and county of Providcnce, State of 'Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying' drawings, forming part of this specification.

Figure 1 represents a transverse section of two cylindrical steam-boilers, having my improvement applied to the same. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same, showing part of the boiler and a View of my improved side of the fire-box. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are transverse sections, on an enlarged scale, of some of the boxes, pipes, or tubes, arranged round or on either side of the re box or chamber, under different forms of construction.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. Y

` The object of this invention is to utilize more thoroughly the heat produced by the combustion of fuel than has been heretofore possible in steam-boilers in which onlya portion of the shell projects horizontally over the fire box or chamber, as isthe case in the ordinary cylinder, return-ilue, or tubular boilers, having ,a cylindrical shell, a portion of which extends over the fire.

Another object of this invention is to protect the brick-work surrounding the tire from the direct heat-rays of the same, by interposing auxiliary steam-generatin g boxes or chambers between the tire and such brick-work.

This invention consistsin thecombination, with one or more boilers or steam-generators of cylindrical or other form, arranged to project horizontally over a iire box or chamber, of a series of pipes, tubes, or boxes, forming auxiliary steam-generators, arranged to intercept and absorb the radiated heat from the fire, having their lower part connected with the Water-space, and their lupper part with the steam-space of the steam generator'or generators proper.

The invention further consists in providing such pipes, tubes, or boxes 7with partitions or diaphragme, so as to form ascending or descending Water-passages, open at their ends, y y

of which there may be one,

so as to separate the ascendingfrom the descending currents, and thus facilitate the separation of the steam and insure the circulation of the water.

In theV drawings, A A are horizontal cylindrical boilers, arranged parallel to each other, two, or more. These boilers may be of any length or diameter. They may be plain cylinder, return-flue,

or tubular boilers, setin suitable brick-work B. C O are the grate-bars; D D, the fireboxes or combustionchambers, provided with doors and ash-pits.

These boilers may be provided with steamdomes H II, or they may be without the same. I I I are a series of pipes, tubes, or boxes,

arranged around or on the sidesof the tire, so

as to intercept the radiated heat from the same, the lower part extending below the grate, and the upper part above the water-line of the boilers, or thereabout, and connected by suitable pipes with the water and steam of the boiler or boilers. These pipes, tubes, or boxes may be of any desired shape, not being necessarily cylindrical, as here represented.

C O are partitions or diaphragms, the object of which is to divide the interior of the pipes, tubes, or boxes into separate ducts or passages, so as to form lrns of Water exposed to the tire and return water-spaces not exposed to the direct rays of the tire, the passages CZ forming steam-generators proper, the fire acting upon the saine to the exclusion of the passages e, the steam passing 0E freely from their upper ends into the steam-space of the boiler, Ywithout having to force its way 1 through a large body of superincumbent water, while the other passages c will be comparatively free from steam and serve as return water-ducts. These auxiliary pipes, tubes, or boxes I I I, beside being connected with the steam and Water spaces of the boilers, are also connected with suitable blow-off `pipes g, provided with valves or cocks, as shown in the drawings, arranged at or near their lower ends, so that all sediment or impurities may be blown out from time to time. The heat produced by the combustion of coal under a steam-boiler consists of fty per` cent. radiated heat and fifty per cent. of heat given out to the air supporting combustion. Only a small portion ofthe first half can be absorbed by the boiler extending over the fire, as there is but little surface to absorb the same, there kbrick-work, amounting to considerable sums annually on a single boiler.

By surrounding the fire with my auxiliary pipes, tubes, or boxes, and thus presenting a large amount of surface to the direct rays of the re, the interior of which pipes, tubes, or boxes is connected with both the steam and Water of the boiler or boilers, so that the water will be on, the same level in both, and the steam formed can freely escape to the boiler, the kradiated heat is all utilized in making steam, and the brick-work protected against its injurious action, thus causing large saying in fuel and repairs.

In such boilers as the ordinary multitubular boiler, having a cylindrical shell and set in brick-Work in the usual manner,a large amount of surfaceis used to utilize the heat given out to the air supporting combustion ,while avery small portion-usually less than three per cent. of the total surface-is exposed to the radiated heat near the fire.

' As the efficiency of the heating-surface in a steam-generator depends on its position with reference to the fire, and as my auxiliary surface contained in the pipes, tubes, or boxes is in close proximityto the fire, exposing a large amount of surface to the desired rays of the burning fuel, these pipes, tubes, or boxes add materially to the efficiency of the steam-boiler, producing economy in fuel, by utilizing all, or nearly all, the radiated heat.

scribed.

l Having thus described my invention,l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patl. The combination, with the cylindricalshell boiler or boilers A A, arranged to extend Vover the fire, of the auxiliary pipes, tubes, or

boxes, placed so as to intercept the radiated heat, and connected with the steam andwater spaces of the boiler or boilers, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. Ther combination, with the boilers A A- one or more of them-of the tubes, pipes, or boxes I, with theirdiapliragms K, forming steamsgenerating spaces d and return waterpassages c, arranged in `relation to the firegrate and the steam and water spaces of the boiler, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In combination with one or more boilers arranged to extend over the fire, the auxiliary steamgenerators, arranged to form the sides of the .fire-box or the partition between two furnaces, extending below the grate-line and above the water-line in the boiler, or thereabout, and connected with the steam and water space of the boiler or boilers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with oneor more cylindrical-shell boilers, of auxiliary steam-generating pipes, tubes, or boxes, surrounding the fire, and connected, with suitable pipes, with the steam and water spaces ofthe boiler, and provided with the blow-off pipe g, connected with the lower part of the same, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of the mud-drums placed below'the grate and the steam-drum K placed above the Watereline, with the tubes or pipesY connecting the same when placed on the sides of a dre-grate, or between two grates, as de- JOSEPH A. MILLER.

l/Vitnesses:

THOMAS C. CoNNoLLY, WILLIAM G. BUDLONG,

Images