USRE5486E - Teeeit - Google Patents

Description

Sheeis-*Sheet 1.

H essued juiy i5, 1873.

H. EN G EEANfN.

of Making Coke frolrg'naias.

Processes QJSvheetS--Sheet 2.

H. ENGELM-. n' Making Cake fram Ligntes.

Processes Reissued Ju|y15,1873.

Lignite, and similar coking-oven or retort.

l sustained heat above a cherryued, so termed, laterally applied, lfrom a source of heat distinct from the gases ing substances,

consists, which is to be colred, in case the application -not sutice to produce coal, or asphalturn, or before subjecting it to the aforesaid high heat.

engage the gaseous elements of the coal, but Ialso to decompose more or less completely the hydrocarbon evolved from the lignite and *'.bonaceous i through the ments of lignites UNITED STATES Pa'rnivfr HENRY ENGELMANN,OF SALT LAKE (HTY. -UTAH TERBTBOBY.

IMPROVEMENT IN PRUCESSES 0F MAKNG COKE FROM LiGNiTES, Sic.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 136,592, dated March Il, 1873; reissue No. 5,2156 dated July 15, 1873; application filed July 7, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HENRY ENGELMANN, of 'Salt Lake City, in the Territory of Utah,` at present residing at La Salle, in the county of La Salle, State ol' Illinois, have invented certa-in Ivmliirovements in Processes of ticking coal-like materials, or' which the following is a specitication:

The object of this invention is to-provide v a process of electually cokingbrovvn'roal,

lignite, imperfectly-colring stone-coal, and

other coal-like material incapable of being coked in thc' usual opera-tion oi'an ordinary It consists in `subjecting the material to be coked to an initial and derived ,partly or wholly evolved by the colring process from the'colrand of a degree abovev thc one which can be created in `the oven by the combustion ot' the aching-gases alone. lt further, in mixing with the material of the high heat, as described above, docs the desired effect, coalvarieties of bituminous analogous substances,

tar or pitch, or certain This heat must be suflieient not only'to disfrom the tar or other admixtures into gases, that may be conducted away, and into .carmatter, that, being distributed mass, serves to cenient the fragor equivalent material to' g'cther, to form a compact product resembling anordinary good coke, and capable of, use in 'the same manner ascoke made wholly from Hooking or caking coal;

this result being` in contradistinction to that Vshown in the fragt mentary and compaiativelyv valueless produm obtained by subjecting lignite or like substance to the action of the colring apparatus hitherto in use, andin contradistinction to the small cil'cct obtained by a much larger addition of tar or similar substance to the non` caking coal or lignite in the crdinarycolging apparatus than I require in the most difiifcult and cases through the joint application of the high sustainedheat, as'descrilied above.. Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section or' the furnace used in carrying my iinproyed process into practice. Fig. 2 is a transverse section ofthe same taken 'in the line g fr s t a w a of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a ground plan ci"l the same.'

The furnace being capableo separate use for other purposes, I propose to ina-ire it the subject of another tion' for Letters Patent, and therefore here describe the construction and operation 'oi' the .same only so far as is essential to a full un derstanding of inyiinproved proccssgof coltidfr/,f

lignite and like substances retractory'to cornrnon methods ot' colring.

The furnace comprises a series ovens, having ot`\cokingarranged side by side, and each about, the proportions of twelve reet `in height, eighteen inches in Width, and from.

sage, E, Wit-ha gas-generating furnace, in

which combustible gas is formed by the int perfect combustion. or' i'uel. Air is admitted to the chamber' D through openings a in the front, through otheropenings, b., in the sides, and through the conduits shown at c, these last so arranged that the air in passing through them shall absorb a portion of the heat from the Walls of' the chamber, and thereby conduce to the durability ot' the saine. The material.

-to be treated is passed' into thecvens through opanings d in the top, provided with renier-able covers. Each oven has at its top an exit-pipe, F, for the outflow ot' the gases generated from the material in the process ot' colring, this exit-'pipe furthermore being provided with a slide or valve, j', for t-hro'ttling or *topping such outflow in order to maintain any desired pressure within the oven. ilhe combustible gases introduced from the generator, as nereinbei'ore set forth, to the chamber D are tired in the latter, and the flame, passing up into the lucs B, rapidly heats the ovens to subject the contained material to the high initial and and independent applicay,

1 scribed, I prepare the brown-coal, lignite, or other non-bituminous pr only slightly-bitu- }-miiious coal-like material by comminuting the substance, at a temperature suicient to cause bituminous coal orotherbitnininous substances vthe non-caking coal afar less proportion ot' sustained heat, which constitutes the most important part of my process.

Having provided for use afurn ace constructed and operating substantially as just deoff through the exit-pipe I?, and into carbon, which is deposited in large quantities between and within the fragments of lignite or like material in the oven, and, very much as it' the whole mass had softened and partially run together, unites the Whole in they form of a consistent and tolerably firm product, not liable to split intoline pieces, as is the case with lignite, Sie, treated in the usual Way, at ordinary coking temperatures.

It will be seen that by this process the refractory or non-colzing coal is iirst brought approximately to the condition of a ybituminous coking coal; then, subjected to a high heat, initial and sustained, it is iiuxcd together by the deposited carbon, and that the elimination of the volatile matter eifectually colres the mass.,

By the means afforded for controlling the heat in the ovens A, (by adjustin g the supply of combustible gas in the chamber D,) the heat may be maintained at the requisite high temperature for the period required, and then gradually reduced to enable the colred product to be drawn from the ovens at acomparatively low heat.

By this, my improved method, the time required in coking, as compared with that involved in ordinary colring, is reduced many hours, and the capacity 'orwork of the furnaces of any given size is proportionately increased.

Vhat I claim as my invention is l. Theiprocess of coking brown-coal, lignite', imperfectly-colring stone-coal, and analogous coal-like material incapable of effective coking by the usual practice-with ordinary cohiug-ovcns, by subjecting these substances to a high initial and sustained heat above the cherry-red, so termed, applied laterally throughout the mass, and dei-ix ed from' a source of heat which is p'artly or wholly distinct from the combustible gases evolved by same to a proper degree, and, if it requires an addition of bituminous or asphaltic substances in order to obtain the desired elect, byy then intimately mixing with it a suitable quantity of coal-tar or other bituminous or asphaltic a complete mixture and absorption or incorporation of the same by the coal, which thereby becomes, so to speak, bituminized preliminary to the operation of coking. In some cases,where a good coking or rich bituminous coal is available, the tar may be partly or wholly replaced by it, and much smaller quantities of the bituminous coal will then be required than in ordinary cokin g processes to obtain a good coke from this mixture of nonbtuminous and bituminous coal, and to communicate to the non-colaingmaterial thoseproperties which, under the conditions involved in the use ot' the improved furnace, enable the same to be ciectually coked. No dehnite proportions of the several substances can be specified, as these will vary according to the charaeter of the lignite or other substance to be coked.

I distinctly disclaim, as 'not new, the use of as an admixture to less bituminous coals, as a means to enable the same to be colred; but I claim that by the attire-described application of a certain high degree of heat con j ointly with the admixture of such bituminous material to bituminous coal or other bituminous substance will effect the coking of the not or imperfectly coking coal than would be required in ordinary coking processes, and with a more satisfactory result. When the material is ready, above the one created in the ordinary cokingas aforesaid, it is placed in the oven, and is furnaces by the combustion of the cokingsubjected to pressure by compressing-rollers gases, substantially as herein set forth. or otherwise, in order to eompact'it, to di- 2. rlhe facilitating ot' the process of coking minish its porosity, and to bring its single ot' the materials named in claimv l by minparticles in closer contact with each other, gling the same, it' necessary, with coal-tar, aswhich facilitates their'union and increases phalturn, or analogous substances, or with their cohesion in the subsequent process of bituminous coking-coal, or with coking-coal coking. The ovens have been heated up beand coal-tar or asphaltum, Sac., together, before bringing in the charge by sustaining a l fore subjectin g the whole to t-he high and suslively combustion of gases in the chamber l), tained heat ofthe colring-oven, substantially and the fire is kept up 'vigorously after the as set forth. l

I5. The process herein described ot" compactl i l ing by mechanical pressure the material to be charge is made in the ovens, so as to raise the heat ot' the ovens, which has been decolied after its introduction into the cokingoven, for the purpose specific( pressed by the cold charge, as rapidly as possible to the required high point, and to snsl tain it at that point. rIhc volatile portion oi ll FN HY ENGELMANN. the contents of the ovenis then disengaged i rapidly, and the vapors thus formed are de- Witnesses:

composed by the heat ot' the oven more or lunns'r llnnunitr, less 'completely into light gases, which pass EDM. ScnUnLnn.

the coking process itself, and of a degree

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