USRE5326E - Improvement in processes and apparatus for using liquid fuel for producing heat - Google Patents

Description

iquid Fuel for Reissued March 18, 1873.

Producing Heat and Light.

T. S. DICKERSON' R. M. WHIPPLE. Procsss and Apparatus for Using L UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS` S. DIGKERSON ANI) ,'RODNEY M. WHIPPLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR USING LIQUID FUEL FOR PRODUCING HEAT. AND LIGHT.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 102,662, dated May 3, 1870; reissue No. 5.326, dated March 1e, 1873.

To all whom vit may concern:

Be it known that we, THOMAS S. DICKER- soN and RODNEY M. WHI'PPLE, both of Chica# go, in the State of Illinois, have discovered and invented a new and Improved Mode of Generating and Manufacturing Vapor or Gas from Oil, Petroleum, and otheroleaginous and carbonaceous substances, and using the same in combination with superheated steam, vapor, and gas from water and applying the same to purposes of illumination, heat, and propulsion of machinery, the same being a new and useful invention and apparatus for the purposes aforesaid and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specication, in which- Figure 1 represents an elevation oi' the invention or machine, showing the external of the generator and its connections. Fig. 2 represents a sectional view of the generator, tirebox superheater, and their connections taken in line of center. I Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate corresponding parts.

-Elhe nature of ouriuventiou consists in producing vapor or gas from oil, petroleum, and other oleaginous and carbonaceous substances by means of snperheated steam, and by uniting and using the same with other steam or superheated steam, operating in the manner hereinafter described. By using superheated steam for vaporizing the oil the formation and deposition of solid carbon is prevented by the diffusion and application of heat, in such manner and degree as is necessary without decomposing it, and, by mixing snperheated steam with the vapor or gas thus produced, we iucrease the heat, combine the vapors, produce gases for heating and illuminating purposes, secure perfect combustion, and save largely iu the amount of carbonaceous substances 'required.

To enable others .skilled in the art to make and use our invention and apparatus, We proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation. C

The generator for producing the gas orvapor is composed of a cylinder made of boileriron, with tube-heads ri-veted to the cylinder at each end. Inside of the tube-sheets, which are .turned up about two inches, are cast or wrought iron rings, riveted to the tube-sheets and cylinder. This is done so that the heads may be bolted on to form a steamspace about twojuches wide at each end of the cylinder. The tube heads or sheets are connected by copper tubes about tive-eighths of an inch in diameter and about one-fourth of au inch apart inside the cylinder. The tubes connecting' the steam-spaces are shown by letters A A, Fig'. 2. The space in the cyliuder around the tubes, as shown by letters b b, is filled with the oil. The' upper head of the cylinder and the upper tube-sheet are connected and secured by bolts, as shown, with one large pipe or opeuing from the oil-space below to the dome above, thus allowing the gas or vapor to escape from the'oil-space below into the dome above. Letters E E represent steam-spaces between the double heads at each end of the generator, which, being connected by the steam-pipes A A, secure coniplete circulation of the superheated steam and expose the oil in the generator to the greatest practicable amount of heating-surface. Letter F represents a steam-pipe from the superheater in the tire-box into the machine. Letter G represents an escapepipe from the geuerator to carryo' the condensed steam. Letter H represents a metallic tube leadin g from the oil-space inthe generator or from the pipe I,.and affixed to the outside of the machine with stop-cocks, suitably arranged, by which to ascertain the amount of oil in the generator. Letter IV represents a pipe, through which the oil is pumped into the oi1-space b b. Letter L represents the dome, which caps the niachinc, a-ud is secured lrmly by bolts and nuts to the generator below. Letter M represents the vapor orgas-pipe leading from the top of the dome into the fire-chamber. Letter N represents a superheaterplaced in the fire-box, composed of a cast-iron cylinder llled with .scraps or pieces of iron, and secured with steamtight heads, through one of which steam is introduced from the boiler, and through the other superheated steam is conveyed by the connecting-pipes to the machine. Letters Q Q represent the boiler, from whence steam is taken by pipe to the superheater. Letters R R represent the fire-box lled with ilame from the burning vapors or gases. Letter S represents a common steam-gage, by which to show the pressure of the gases or vapors upouthe inacliine. Letter I exhibits the pipe used for drawing the oil from the generator.

The mode of operating thel machine is as follows, to wit; Steam is taken from the boiler Q by the pipe F into the superheater Naud there superheated by the combustion in the fire-box R, from whence it passes with great force of pressure through the pipe F into the steam-space E in the generator, instantly tilling the steam-tubesA A and the other steamspace E with t-he superheated steam, and thereby heating the oil in the space b b in the generator, so that it is immediately converted into gas or vapor and passes on" through the opening'J into the dome, and is then taken through the gas-pipe M to the point of combustion.

Suitable stop-cocks, valves, and wire-nettings shouldbe placed between all the coni nections, always under the control of the en-' gineer, by which the utmost safety may be=se' cured.

The word oil whenever and wherever it occurs, and standing alone asdescriptive ot' the material from which gas or vapor is produced in the generator, is intended to include and describe any vand every? oleaginous and carbonaceous substance which may or can be introduced into the generatorjin a" liquid or fluid state.

The advantages gained by our invention are, that the apparatus is more compact arid-simple, making it especiallyadap'ted' for use on locomotives and other portable engines.

We have described a suitable form of superheater, but any other known form of apparatus used'for superheating steamvmay be einployed. 4

We have described our invention with special reference to the burning of petroleum, coal-oil, shale-oil, and the like; but we do not limit ourselves to the use of those materials, since there is a large number of hydrocarbons which may be vaporized by superheated steam and then mixed and combined with steam or superheated steam, so as to produce the combustible gas or vapor, which constitutes one part of our invention. n I

We do not claim a. gas-holder, except a dome, directly or indirectlyv connected withV the generator, or any casing outside the walls yof the generator, or any gas-chamber, arrangedV to envelop the generator, to be used as a gasliolder, as such have long been in use in portable gas-machines;- nor do we claim a series of tubes to carry oft' the gas or vapor from the oilspace to the dome.

One single opening, such as are used in stills or gas-retorts, is all that' is required. Any

ordinary opening or pipe to pass off the vapor is all that is required, and is easily constructed, as the distance across the steam-space in the largest machines will not exceed two and one-half inches.

Having described our invention, parts of which are already secured to ns by Letters Patent, `numbered 95,665, and dated October 12,1869, reference thereuntol being had, and without now claiming anything therein contained, what we now claim, and wish to secure byv Letters Patent, is-

l, The im proved apparatus herei n described, composed of a steam-boiler, superheater, gasgenera tor, arranged and combined asdescribed. 2.- Elhe steam-pipe F, to supply steam tothe apparatus, for the purpose described.

3. The process herein described for burning p petroleum and other vaporizablehydrocarbons, t-he same consisting in iirstvaporizing the gasproducing material by means of superheated steam and then mixing with the gas or vapor superheated steam, substantially as described.

The above speciticationsigned by us.

THOMAS S. DIOKERSON. RODNEY M. WHIPPLE.

Witnesses as`to the signature of THOS. S. DICKERSON:

E. B. Snam/IAN,` CHARLES E. BYRNE. Witnesses as to the signature of RODNEY M. WmrfLE:

JNO. D. PAT-TEN, D. P. CowL.

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