USPP36550P2 - Seedless grapevine plant named ‘ARD51’ - Google Patents

Abstract

A new distinct variety of grapevine named ‘ARD51’ abundantly forms attractive crunchy and juicy seedless berries with a red skin coloration, lax density and large clusters which display a natural sweet flavor, the fruit commonly is ready for harvesting during July in San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and displays good eating qualities as a table grape, the fruit firmness renders the fruit well amenable for handling, shipping, and storage.

Description

Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

Variety denomination: The new Grapevine has a varietal denomination ‘ARD51’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A breeding program was initiated during the late 90's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2018, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 35-33+6, which is a white, crunchy and slightly juicy variety (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 30A-11+3, a red, crispy and juicy variety (non-patented in the United States).

TABLE 1
‘ARD51’ compared with parents & closely related variety:

	‘ARD51’	35−33+6	30A−11+3	Flame
Brix	21	17	18	16-20
Texture	Crunchy &	Crunchy	Crispy	Crispy
	juicy
Berry	Broad	Obtuse	Broad	Globose
shape	ellipsoid	ovoid	ellipsoid

The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows: 35-33+6 X 30A-11+3

An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

In 2019 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

• • (a) Forms attractive crunchy and juicy seedless berries with a red skin coloration; in lax density and large clusters which display a natural sweet flavor,
  • (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of July in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and
  • (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.
  • (d) Produces 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 51 lbs. fruit per vine.

The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2020 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson Seedless rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The new variety ‘ARD51’ is a red, naturally sweet seedless grape variety with high production, e.g., about 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot.

Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, California, U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical five-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

The drawing shows leaves, stems, tendrils and grapes of ‘ARD51’.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3^rd Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

TABLE 2
VINE CHARACTERISTICS:

	vigor	Vigorous upright shoots
	productive capacity	Bearing at a natural, average
		capacity. Spur pruning.
	trunk	Strong and developed.
		Diameter is 2.4 inches at 4.5 inches
		above ground.
		Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.
		Light maple brown coloring greyed
		orange 177 B

• Date of bud burst in Bakersfield California: March 4^th.

TABLE 3
YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Openness of tip	Wide open
	Density of prostrate hairs on tip	Dense
	Anthocyanin coloration of prostrate	None
	hairs on tip
	Density of erect hairs on tip	Medium

TABLE 4
YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

	Color of upper side of blade	Yellow green 146 B
	Color of lower side of blade	Yellow green 146 C
	Density of erect hairs between main	Dense
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of erect hairs between main	Dense
	veins on lower side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Dense
	veins on upper side of blade
	Density of prostrate hairs on main	Dense
	veins on lower side of blade

TABLE 5
SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Attitude (before tying)	Semi-erect
	Color of dorsal side of internodes	Yellow Green 144 A
	Color of ventral side of internodes	Yellow Green 144 A
	Color of dorsal side of nodes	Yellow Green 144 B
	Color of ventral side of nodes	Yellow Green 144 B
	Density of erect hairs on internodes	Absent or very sparse
	Density of prostrate hairs on	Absent or very sparse
	internodes
	Length of tendrils	7.5 inches
	Diameter of tendrils	0.09 inches
	Color of tendrils	Yellow green 144 A
	Number of tendrils at bloom	4
	Positioning of first flowering and	The first bunch is in
	fruiting node	the 3rd node
	Inflorescence number per flowering	2
	shoot

TABLE 6
FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:

	Reproductive organs	Fully developed stamens and
		fully developed gynoecium
	Flower length	0.3 inches
	Flower diameter	0.2 inches
	Pistil length	0.14 inches
	Pistil color	Yellow green 144 A
	Pollen Amount	Rich
	Pollen color	Yellow 10 A
	Stamen color	Yellow green 145 C
	Stamen length	0.19 inches
	Number of stamen	6
..

• First bloom in Bakersfield, California: April 23^rd.
• Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, California: May 1^st.

TABLE 7
MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

Size of blade	6.5 inches × 6.5 inches
Shape of blade	Circular
Base descriptors	Pentagonal
Leaf margin	Serrate
Leaf apex	Acute
Blistering of upper side of blade	Absent or very sparse
Depth of upper lateral sinuses	Shallow
Number of lobes	Five
(Only varieties with lobed leaves)	Open
Arrangement of lobes of upper
lateral sinuses
Arrangement of lobes of petiole	Half open
sinus
Length of teeth	0.27 inches
Ratio length/width of teeth	Small
Shape of teeth	Both sides concave
Density of prostrate hairs between	Absent or very sparse
main veins on lower side of blade
Density of erect hairs on main veins	Absent or very sparse
on lower side of blade
Density of erect hairs between the	Absent or very sparse
main veins on upper side of blade
Density of prostrate hairs on main	Absent or very sparse
veins on upper side of blade
Length of petiole compared to length	Moderately shorter
of middle vein
Top side color	Green 137 A
Bottom side color	Green 138 B
Texture of upper side of blade	Smooth
Texture of lower side of blade	Smooth
Vein color on upper blade	Yellow Green 145 A
Anthocyanin coloration of main veins	Red 53 A
on upper side of blade
Vein color on lower blade	Yellow green 145 C
Venation pattern for upper blade	Netlike venation
Venation patten for lower blade	Netlike venation
Petiole length	2.5 inches
Petiole diameter	0.1 inches
Petiole color	Red 53 A
Petiole texture	Smooth

• Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield California: June 2^nd.

TABLE 8
BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size (peduncle excluded)	Large
	Density of berries on bunch	Lax
	Bunch length	9.5 inches
	Bunch diameter	4.8 inches
	Length of peduncle of primary bunch	0.84 inches
	Diameter of peduncle of primary	0.11 inches
	bunch
	Peduncle of primary bunch color	Yellow green 144 B
	Peduncle texture	Smooth
	Bunches per vine	44
	Average bunch weight	1.16 lbs

TABLE 9
BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:

	Size	Large
	Length	1.4 inches
	Weight	0.35 oz
	Diameter	0.09 inches
	Shape	Broad ellipsoid
	Color of skin (without bloom)	Red 45 D
	Flesh color	Yellow green 145 D
	Brix	21
	Titratable acidity percentage	0.33%
	Juice	4.09 pH
	Ease of detachment from pedicel	Moderately easy
	Thickness of skin	Thin
	Anthocyanin coloration of flesh	None
	Firmness of flesh	Moderately firm
	Particular flavor	Naturally sweet
	Formation of seeds	Rudimentary
	Berries per bunch	53
	Juiciness of the berry flesh	Juicy

TABLE 10
PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:

	Length	0.51 inches
	Diameter	0.13 inches
	Color	Green 143 C
	Pedicel texture	Rough

TABLE 11
WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

	Woody shoot texture	Rough
	Woody shoot color	Greyed orange 165 B

	Woody shoot length	274	inches
	Diameter	0.4	inches
	Internode length	2.8	inches

• Market use of observed plants: Fresh market.
• Age and growing conditions: Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers).
• Shipping characteristics: (E.g. number of days fruit has been stored under specific conditions): Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside polystyrene boxes with sulfur pads. After 30 Days rachises were 90% green; 5% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.
• DNA profile: To further characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed & Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

TABLE 12
DNA profile for ARD51

	Microsatellite
	DNA Marker	Allele Sizes in Base Pairs

	M 1	234	236
	M 2	247	249
	M 3	179	194
	M 4	210	216
	M 5	271	271
	M 6	131	145
	M 7	189	189
	M 8	255	257
	M 9	212	214
	M 10	247	247

The ‘ARD51’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat/cold resistance has not been observed to date.

Claims (1)

What is claimed is:

1. A new and distinct grapevine plant, botanically known as Vitis vinifera, identified as ‘ARD51’, substantially as shown and described herein.

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