US998805A - Coke-oven. - Google Patents

Description

U. SGHROETER. COKE OVEN. APPLIOATIdN FILED mm; 24, 1910.

Patented. July 25, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. SCHROETER.

COKE OVEN. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1910.

99,805., Patented July 25, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

7 a I I 31 0 a; a Z 1 i I I wax i I. 5

i I a 61 G. SUHROETER 00KB OVEN. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1910.

Patented July 25, 1911.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

0. SOHEOETBR.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2-4, 1910.

Patented July 25, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

$S fis ill llllll mw MM QM mm $W CARL SCHROETER, OF CHICAGO. I LINOIS, AESIGNGB T 3 THE BY-PRODUCT COKE-OVEN CONSTRUCTION OOMTPANY.

PORATION 0F ARIZQNA TERRITORY.

SURE-- peeifieation 01' Letters IlPaten ti OVEN.

Application filed June 2 1, 1910. Serial No. 568,869.

to treat independent quantities of coal sup-- plied thereto, the several retorts being adapted to e'tt'ectthe coking action solely through the application of external heat applied to the several retorts.

The coke-oven embodying the present invention is of the same general type as. and in many respects is constructionally similar to, the coke-oven shown in and forming the subject matter of Letters Patent No. 922 201,

granted to me May 1S" 1905).

Among the principal objects ot the pres ent invention are to in'iprove the arrangement of burners and burner supply-pipes with a view to better protecting the latter from injury by the hig'h heat, and with a further view to facilitating repair work, when necessary: to provide an improved means for supplying; air to support combustion; to provide an improved arrangement of regenerators tor prelin'iinarily heating" the air; to provide an in'iprovcd and simplified support for the several retorts and the casing or housing;- which contains them. said support having; the rcgeneraors in part contained therein; to provide suitable insulation for the metal base-plate oi the retorls; and in general to provide. ini n'ovements in the details of construction and arrangement of the apparatus as will hereinafter more tally appear.

To these ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

in the accompanying drawings l have llllnllfltfll a coke-oven embodying my present improvcn'ients wherein Figure l is a front elevational view broken away at the sides of the oven. illustrating a, group of tour retorts arranged side by side, it being umlerstooift that the rear end of the bank of re'torts is a duplicate l of the trout enil the retortsextending entirel through the oven and being provided of the retorts, the several retorts from left to right being shown on the section lines i 3: Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section through one of the retorts and its underlying supports taken on the line 'z'-7c, of Fig. 4-; and Fig. -Ll is a horizontal sectional view through four adjacent retorts, the upper retort being shown as cut on the line Zn2-, the second retort. being shown as cut on the line /2-0, the third retort being shown as cut on the line 72--(] and the lowermost retort as cut on the line r-s, of Fig. 3. "rring to the drawings, 10 designates an external l)1i(!l-\\'01'l or other fireproof housing or casting resting upon a broad fiat steel base-plate t1, which latter, in turn rests upon a series o'l steel-beams 12 extend in emistruction. and a will sutlice 'lor all.

The side w" description of one ans ot the ret rts are made with interior openovorl: or checker formation, each wa'll consisture of an inner lining checker-worlt l7: this construction being best shown in Figs. 2 and t: the top lining of the all oi' the retort is formed by one or more transversely extending tire-clay arch pieces 18, while the bottom wall or sole is Formed by one or more removablelire-clay slabs or arch pieces '19. Refractory plates :20 (Fig. 3) which may be made in sections are set in the retorts near the ends thereot to serve as inner end walls and to preventex- ('(.-4:-=l\'(? heating ol the outer iron doors 21. The top of the retort eompriscs'an outer plate or cover 29 between which and the refractory top lining 15* is an intersticed or (fl)GUltOY-W(YllC 2 3, of the character clearlv shown in Fig. l. the retorts' the checlwr-worl; sides-1T are continued dmvnwardlv. constituting the side NA KIPERRITORY, A cons with like closures at both ends; Fig. 2 is a:- vertical sectional new taken "transversely ing itrol'n. "front to rear of the oven and themselves supported at their ends upon masonrv retort-ehanibcrs a re duplicates of each other if). an outer vshell 1G. and an intermediate Beneath the floor walls of 1 wells oi? compnstion-chanihers 24:, the bottom u o 0-d, 6- 7 and g-7r, respectively, 01'

, walls of which combustion-chambers are 'formed by horizontal plates 25 having into the superposed air-chamber 27 as more particularly hereinafter described; the top. wall 30 of said recuperator flue (which also forms the bottom wall of the air-chamber 27-) being apertured' at intervals, as shown at 31 (Fig; 3) to permit the upward flow of heated air from the recuperator-flue into the air-chamber. Between the bottom wall 32 of the recuperator-flue 29 and the steel base-plate 11, and to protect the latter from the intense heat, I interpose suitable insulation which may consist of a. dead air-space 33' containing sufiicient bricks or fire-clay blocks to adequately support the bottom wall 32 of the superposed recuperator-flue. In the case of long ovens, I preferably employ an intermediate support in the form of columns 34 disposed substantially midway between the end-supporting walls 13 (Fig.

3), said columns supporting the beams 12,

and the latter, in turn, being preferabl additionally strengthened by 'truss-wor 35. The inner linings of the side walls'of the combustion-chamber are formed with lateral o enings 36 which communicate with the c ecker-work spaces 17 in the side walls and in the ends of thecombustion and air- chamhere 24 and 27 are preferably formed ob-- servation- openings 37 and 38, respectively.

The checker-work spacesin the. sides of the retort are in communication with each other at their upper ends through the checker-work space 23, and at both sides said space'23' communicates with downtake flues 39, servin in' part to conduct the burned .gases to a sing e central transverse flue 40 Fig. 3) conveniently supported by. brackets 41 on the columns 34 and leading to a suitable chimney (not shown). A nonconducting jacket or packing 42 of ashes or other heat insulating material completely surrounds the top and sides of the walls or heating "ackets of the retorts, this layer of noncon ucting material being confined between the. outer side walls 43 of the several retort containing receptacles of the superstructure of the oven.

Throu h the roof of each retort and its -surroun mg shell or casing are formed conical-chargin openings 44," which can be made air-tig t by fire-clay plugs 45 seated in the lower ends of said openings and castiron covers 46 applied to the entrance ends eeasqg of thenpenings. Chimneys or flues 47 also sired, be led to, and passed through suitable converters to extract therefrom the by-products, while the combustible gas therefrom is in part returned to the oven to supply, when mixed with air and burned, the necessary heat which is a plied to and through the combustion cham ber and checker-work jackets 'of the retorts as now to be described.

Beneath the steel base-plate 11 and extending longitudinally of the several retorts are fuel supply pipes 48, there being, as herein shown, five of such pipes located bencath each retort .(Fig. 2). In these pipes are interposed T-shaped couplings 49 into which are screwed or otherwise secured vertical branch burner pipes 50, which latter extend upwardly through the base-plate 11, insulating-chamber 33, recuperator-flue 29, air-chamber 27, and the apertures 26 in the bottom wall of the combustion-chamber 24. Certain of these burner pipes 50 are extended further up into the checker-work spaces 17 in the side walls of the retort,- as clearly shownv in Fig. 2. Extending along the front and rear sides of the oven are gas pipes 51, withwhich are connected the outer ends of the several fuel-supply pipes 48, the fuel-supply to each pipe being controlled by y valves 55 and having nozzles 56 which extend within the ends of the fuel-supply pipes 48 whereby the jets of air entrain a flow of gas mixed with said air to and through the branch burner pipes 50. The gas-pipes 51 are provided with branch risers 57 which rise adjacent to the end walls of the furnace opposite the lateral checkerspaces of the several retorts; said riser-pipes 57 being each provided with a plurality of inturned extensions or burner-tubes 58 (Fig. 3) which project through the end walls of the furnace and discharge into the checkerspaces 17. The air-pipes 53 are likewise provided with riser-pipes 59 which extend alongside the riser-pipes 57 and are similarly provided with 'inturned nozzles 60, which enter the burner-tubes 58 and serve to entrain the gas through the latter.

In each of the front and rear masonry walls 13 and directly beneath the end of each retort is located a checker-work regeneration-chamber 61 that is open to the atmosphere throughout its lower portion through an opening 62 formed in the front portionsof the walls 13, and, at its upperb eeasos end, communicates freely with the air chamber 2?, and wlth the recuperator flue.

through registering openings in the base- ;plate ll and bottom wall 32 of the recuperator ttue, is clearly shown at 63 in Fig. 3; a part of the air passing directly across the recuperator fine and through the end openings 31 into the air-chamber 27, and another part flowing along the recupcrator fine and thence upwardly into the air-chamber through the intermediate openings 31.

A. portion of the regeneration chamber (51 at each end is partitioned off, as by solid walls shown at 61 and 61 thereby forming an inclosed heating chamber extending the full length of the inner or back-side of each regenerator, into which the downtakc flues 39 lead; and from these heating chambers, between each pair of fines 39,, is led across another discharge fine 39 leading into delivery fine 10, whereby the regenerators (31 are heated. y

i 1th the oven constructed as described, the coking operation is carried on substantially as follows: The retorts having been charge with coal through the several charging openings 44, and the latter closed, gas and compressed air are turned on through the and air-supply pipes, it being understood that the air supply is under pressure while the gas is drawn into the furnace chiefly by the suction or entraining action of the airq'ets. The air and gas en-' tering and mixing in the longitudinally. disposed pipes 48 pass upwardly through the burner-tubes and discharge within the combustion-chambers, in which latter the combi .tion begins. The burning gases flow from the combastion-chambers laterally out ward through the openings 36 to the checkerspaces 17, rising through the latter to the top of the furnace and filling the checkerspace over the tops of the retorts, passing thence to the downtake flues 39. From the latter the pass through the heating; chambers of the regenerators and the tines 3%) to the main transverse discharge flue and thence to the chimney. Inasmuch as the several. soles 19 of the rctorts form the tops of the combustion chambers, it will be seen that the retorts are completely envel-. oped by the burning gases, and by reason of the distribution of the lnirners and the eduction tines the gases are thoroughly dispersed and the circulation maintained sub stantially uniform around each of the scyeral retorts; this uniformity of distribution being promoted by the outer burner tubes of the vertical series and the horizontal burner tubes 58 which directly penetrate the lateral checker-work spaces 17. The jet-like action of the gas burning at the tips of the burner tubes has the etlectof entraining the air through the rcgcnerators (31 t ubes and rccupcraior iluc-= 39, such fill becoming quite highly heated during its passage through the regencrators and rccuperator lines, which latte are in a heated state. by reason of their proximity to the bdrners. This entrained air, although considerably heated by the regenera ors, is comparatively cool relatively to the ten'iperature obtaining within the comhustion-chambe and.

hence preserves the burnertubes from melting; It also furnishes an auxiliary supply of oxygen to support combustion in addition to that introduced by the internal airblast.

The insulation provided between the recuperator fines and the metal baseplate prcvents the transn'iission by conduction of sufficient heat to injuriously etl'ect said metal base-plate;,a1ul the location of the longitudinal gas-pipes i8 beneath the base-plate of the furnace not only affords a better protection to said pipes against the heat, but also makes the work of repairing or. renewing the burner-tubes 5O much simpler, since not requiring the tearing out of any of the structure to withdraw and replace said tubes.

It will be understood that the details of construction may be somewhat modified without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages; and accordihgly I do not limit myself to the exact details shown and described except to the extentthat they are made the subject of specific claims.

I claim: 1

1. In a coking oven, a coking retort comprising a closed coking chamber the side walls whereof are formed with checker-work for the passage of products of combustion, a coinbustion-chaniber beneath said coking chamber provided with apertures in its bottom wall for. the entraining of air and with lateral openings communicating with said chccker-work, an airchan'1ber bbncath said combustion chamber, and a recu 'ierator space beneath and communicating with said air-clmmbcr, in combination with a fuelpipe extending beneath the bottom of ,said retort and provided with branch burncr extending tl'ierefron'i upwardly through said rccuperator space and airchambcr and the entraining apertures in the bottom wall of said combustioil-chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a coking oven, a coking retort comprising-a closed coking chamber the side walls whereof are formed with chccker work for the passage of products of combustion, a combustion-chamber beneath said coking chamber provided with apertiures in its bottom wall for the entraining of air, and

with lateral openings communicating with said checker-work, an air-chamber beneath said combustion chamber, a recuperator space beneath and communicating with said air-chamber, a metal base-plate forming the bottom of the retort, and suitable heat-insulation between said base-plate and the bottom of said recuperator space, in combination with a fuel-pipe extending beneath said base-plate and provided with branch burner-tubes extending therefrom upwardly through said base-plate, insulation, recu: perator space, air-chamberand the entraining apertures in the bottom wall of said combustion chamber, substantially as de scribed.

3. In a, coking oven, a coking retort com prising a closed coking chamber the side walls whereof are formed with checker-work for the passage of products of combustion, apombustion-chamber beneath said coking chamber provided with apertures in its bottom wall for the entraining of air and with lateral openings communicating with said checker-Work, an air-chamber beneath said cumbustion chamber, burner-tubes extending from beneath the retort upwardly into said combustion-chamber, other burnertubes extending from beneath said retort upwardly into the checker-work spaces of the side walls, means for supplying fuel to said burner-tubes, and means for admitting air to said air-chamber, substantially as de scribed.

4. In a coking oven, a coking retort comprising a closed coking chamber the side walls whereof are formed with checker-work for the passage of products of combustion, a combustion-chamber beneath said coking chamber having lateral openings communicating with said checker-work, an air-chamber beneath and communicating with said combustion-chamber, a fuel-pipe provided with branch burner-tubes extending into said combustion chamber, foundation walls supporting the ends of said retort, and regenerators in said foundation walls and communicating with said air chamber through which the air to the latter is preliminarily heated, substantially as described.

5. In a coking-oven, a coking retort comprising a closed coking chamber the side walls whereof are formed with checkerwork for the passage of products of combustion, a combustion-chamber beneath said coking chamber having lateral openings communicating with said checker-work, an air-chamber beneath and communicating at a plurality of points with said combustionchamber, a recu-perator space beneath and communicating at a plurality of points with said air-chamber, a fuel-pipe provided with branch burner-tubes extending into said combustion-chamber, foundation walls sup porting the ends of said retort, and checkerwork regenerators in said foundation walls communicating at their lower ends with the atmosphere and at their upper ends with extending downwardly alongside of the latter, and a main discharge flue disposed beneath and transversely of said bank of retorts and between said foundation walls with which said down-take fiues communicate, substantially as described.

7. In a coking oven of the general character described, the combination with a bank of coking retorts arranged side by side, and a masonry foundation therefor comprising a pair of walls extending beneath and supporting the opposite ends of said bank of retorts, of intercommunicating combustion spaces beneath, at each side of, and above each retort, air spaces beneath and communicating with the lower combustion spaces of the several retorts, cliecker-work regenerators built in said foundation walls and communicating at their upper ends with said air spaces, fuel pipes extending through said walls and beneath said bank of retorts and provided with branch burner-tubes extending upwardly into the combustion spaces of the latter, down-take flues communicating with the upper combustion spaces of the several retorts and extending downwardly alongside of the latter, and a main discharge flue disposed beneath and transversely of said bank of retorts and between said foundation walls with which said down-take fines communicate, substantially as described.

CARL scnnonrn'a Witnesses:

SAMUEL N. POND, DAISY C. THonsEN.

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