US980483A - Emergency governing mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

E'. R. G. BOYD.

EMERGENCY GOVERNING MEGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1909.

Patented Jan. 8, 19H.

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- I Frederic: R

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l. 8M @AM F. R. C. BOYD.

EMERGENCY GOVERNING MEGHANISM.

A PPLIOATION FILED JUNE 3, 1909.

Patented Jan. 3, 1911.

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`Beit known that-I, Fiiiinnnic R. C. Born, acitizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, in the county ot' Essex, State of Massachusetts, have .invented certain new and useful,Improvements .in Emergency Governing Mechanism, ol which the following is a specification.

The presentinventioii relates to emergency vgoverning mechanisms for turbines and other apparatus, and has for its object to improve their'construction.

`F or a consideration of what. I believe to be novel' and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto. y 4

In the accompanying drawings, which are illustrativeof one embodiment of my inventio'n, Figure l is a partial view in elevation, with certain oi the parts broken away, of a turloinenandthe generator driven thereby,

together with a combined throttle. and

emergency valve for regulating the admis-4 sion of steam to the turbine;- Fig. 2 is a perspective view ot" a portion of the tripping 'and resetting mechanism located near the valve; Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view takeny on line 3-3 of Fig. l; Fig.. 4 is a partial plan view on a somewhat enlarged scale of the tripping mechanism of the valve and the emergency governor; Fig; 5 is a detail view' showinga part of the tripping mechanism that is actuated by the emergency governor; Fig. 6 is an enlarged-detail View of the valve tripping rods and a part of the trigger wliichiioi'nially holds one of them in position, and Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail 'vicw of the manually actuated means for resetting and tripping the mechanism.

1 indicates the turbine, which may be of any suitablev character and either horizontally or vertically disposed. l` may also utilize my invention in connection with other forms oapparatus. In the present illustration `the turbine is of the vertical type. Mounted on top of the turbine casing is a support 2 for the electric generator 3. Steam is supplied to the turbine by one or more steam chests' 4 whichcominunicate with the combiiied'emergency and throttle valve 5 by means of pipes 6. This valve may be of any suitable type. to show the type of valve disclosed in the patent 'to Richard H. Rice, No; 838,455, dated December 11, 1906, although my 1ny 4Speci'dicaticci tif Letters Patent. Appiicanon ined runes, i909.

I lhave elected coiviraivr, A oonroearion or Nnwyonii.

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Patented Jam-3, 1911.- seriai ivo. 499,854.

vention is net limited thereto, `as it is of wider application-` l have illustrated this particulartype of valve for the reason that my invention has been successfully operated in connection therewith.

Brieiy, the valve comprises the usual casing with a diaphragm therein that supports the seat of the valve. The upper side of the valve is provided with a bonnet upon which is a screw-threaded huhl liltefportion 7 that carries theln'ut 8. The valve is mounted on the stein 9, and secured to the stein isa cross-head 10. Between the nut and the cross-head is a breakdown connection comprising 4togglcs 11 and 12. These toggles may, if desired, be provided with. cross springs 13 tol assist the pivots 14 ot' the toggles in moving` over the dead centers to the locking position. l/Vhen the toggles are locked, as shown, the nut 8 may be rotated by 'the gear 15 or a hand wheel affixed thereto, to open and close the valve. qWhen the toggles are broken or collapsed by permitting the Weight-1G to fall, the valve will be closed suddenly. The valve also has a certain self-closing tendency due to unbalanced areas or other means. The valve may be opened and closed slowly for ordinary pui'- poses by means of a vertical shaft 17 and the pinion on its upper end which meshes with the gear 15. The shaft may be rotated manually or by power, as desired. 'lhe weight 16 is normally held in the position shown by the hook 18. This'lioolt is pivotally secured to a fixed part of the valve and is provided with an arm 19, by means of which it can be moved to release the Weight in opposition to the s ring 20.

25 illustrates the main shaft of the turbine and mounted thereon is a head, flange, or equivalent device 26, which forms a part of the emergency governor. The emergency governor may be made in a variety o t Ways so long as it will respond to a certain predetermined excess speed. l prefer that the emergency governor shall be capable ot resetting itselt' automatically a't'ter an emergency operation, since this makes for siniplicity, but it is not essential. I prefer to use a governor which is simple, small and relativelylight. To this end, one, two or more springs 27 are provided, which are mounted on the head 2G and are made after the fashion of a clock spring with a free', l end 28. lThis free end, as the speed of the rmain shaft increases, moves outwardly against. "the initial; tension and trips the .trigger. The trigger is secured to a pivot 32, theiatter being mounted in a bearing carried by the ring 2 9. On the lower end of the pivot'32 is the other part of the trigger comprising a latch 33 which is moved by the arm 31 when the latter is struck by the emergency governor springs.l The movement4 of thetrig'gereis opposed by a,coiled spring 34, which tends .at all times to keep on the main'pull rod 35. This shoulder may be formed on the rod or it may be made on a i separate piece as shown in Fig. 6; the latter arrangement is preferable, since the block can be hardened and :also renewed in case of wear or injury. .The-:mainlrod- 35 is guided -at'its endsand tends at all times toy move outwardly away from the turbine shaft. This tendencyisdue'to the coiled extension spring or motor 36,2Figs11 and 2, which tendency i is resisted by `the trigger. The vright hand end 37 of the main rod, shownin dotted lines .Figsl and 7, is vadapted when the rod is released-to strike and movethe arm 19 and cause lthe latter to release. the" hook 18 and permitfthe weight 16' todrop.y The llatter in lfalling first opensvt-he toggles and then delivers a. blow to the cross-head 10 and forces the valve to its seat.' 'Between the end of the rod 35 and lthe arm 19 -is a space more or less'great, which forms a lost motion so that the rod will deliver a hammer blow to the arm and insure the release of the weight.-

.It is evident that unless some means isv provided to prevent it, that `the e ergency governor springs will deliverV successive blows to the arm 31 of the trigger when the governor operates. To avoid this detrimental action, the left hand end of the main rod is provided with a cam surface 38, Fig 6, which when the rod is released andmoves to the right under the action of its spring ,or other'motor 36, engages the projection or cam 39 of the trigger and moves it and the arm 31 in a direction to move the latter out of the` path of the emergency governor. In other words, this action moves the arm 31 ,So that it is wholly outside theorbit oit the free ends of the springs.

It sometimes happens thatit is necessary or desirable to stop or shut down the turbine or other apparatus more quickly than can be done by rotating the shaft 17. It is also desirable to operate the tripping mechanism' controlled vby the 4emergency governor by hand from timeto time in order to test it and to make sure that' the apparatus is in working condition; also to reset the trigger by' means loca-,ted at an accessible point instead of at or near the governor itself. T o this end'a special mechanism is provided, which 'or'the purpose of illustrating my invention may be constructed as follows :'-A bracket 40 is mounted upon a suitable support, such as the arm 41 ot the combined emergency and throttle valve. Mounted in bearings in the bracket 40 is a spindle 42 towhich is secured 'a bell-crank lever 43. One arm of the lever is provided with a counter-weight 44 to return or restore it and the coperating parts to t-he posi-tion shown, and'also to counter-balance theweight of the attached parts.r The othelgllrm enters the, latch 1n engagement with the shoulder a slot 45 formed in an enlargement of the rod On the spindle 42' is secured an arm 46, the outer end of which is connected to the downwardly extending rod .47. `On thel lower end `ot the rod is a` handle 48 and a notch or shoulder. 49 that isl adapted to engage, when in the positionshown in Figs. 1 and 7, with a stop 50 carried by the valve bracket 40 -is'a lever, 51', which is usedin tripping-'the valve by hand. This lever normally engagesa shoulder or projection 51a on the backside of the weight carrying lever 43.-

The lower end of the lever 51 is pro- .vid'ed'with a pin 52, to which the right hand 'end ofthe auxiliary'or push rod 53 is attached? This rodis normally urged to the right or away from .the turbine shaft by the motor or coiled extension spring 54, one end of which-is attached to the rod and the other end to a fixed support, lsuch astlie arm 41l of the valve. The spring holds the lever 51 in the position shown in the figures, and is best shown in Fig. 7. Inorder to trip the valve manually, the. handle 48 is nipved upward and the counterweight 44 downward and in so doingthe` lever 51 isinoved about its pivot, and the lower end which is connected to the pushrod 53 moves the latter to the left. or inward toward the shaft of' the turbine. Mounted on the push rod is a cam block 55, Fig. 6, which as it moves strikes the projection 56 of the trigger and cams, or moves, the latch 33 out of engage ment with its cooperating shoulder. As soon as'this takes place, the motor or coiled4 extension spring 3G moves the main or pull roc to the right, causing it to strike the arm 19 a hammer blow and releasev the.

weight supporting' 'hook 1S and permit the weight 16 to fall and close the valve.

. Two different means have been described for quickly closing-the combined emergency and throttle valve or regulator, 2'.. e. automatic and manual. The resetting operation is the same in both cases and is as follows Assuming the main or pull rod 35 to be at yor other suitable support-Ll Located in back of the bell-crank lever` and carried by theV Vits extreme right-hand position, the y lefthand end of the slot/l5 will be in close proximity to -the lowercnd of the bell-crank lever The handle'llS is pulled down, which oscillates the spindle i2 and the lower end oit 'the arm engages the wall at the end of the slot 45 and pushes the rod 35 back to its normal position and against the action otits lmotor or spring 36. lAs the cam 3S, Fig. 6, moves oft the projection 39, the spring 341, Fig. 4, restores the trigger' to its normal position where the latch engages the shoulder on said rod and locks it against the action of the motor or spring 3G. The downward movement of the handle 4S moves the projection 51a on the back of the bell-crank lever 43 away from the lever 51 and the spring 5i holds the push rod 53 in its nornnal position, 2'. e. that shown in the figures with the right-hand end engaging the bracket or some other fixed stop. The counterweight -t-t returns the handle and attached parts to the position shown when the apparatus is ready Afor further operation. A if'ter the tripping mechanism is reset the operator rraises the weight 16 by hand or otherwise and hooks it in position. The

toggles are then straightened out by rotating the nut in the valve closing direction. .After the toggles are straightened the direction of rotation of the nut is reversed byrotatingthe spindle 17 in the opposite direction which resets the pivots 14 of the toggles, and the valve can be opened to any desired extent 'within its range of operation.

It will be seen that the resetting of the tripping mechanism is accomplished from a point remote from 'the turbine shaft and the governor, thus avoiding the Anecessity of getting in between the turbine and the generator. The emergency governor merely trips or actuates the trigger, which is ot as light a construction as possible. The motive power for actually tripping the remainder of the apparatus is furnished by the spring or other motor 36.

By the use of the auxiliary or push rod 53 the trigger 33 is actuated each time it is desired to quickly shut the valve manually, thereby in eiiect testing the same. The handle 48 is moved through one region or zone to reset the apparatus after an einergeucy operation, and the same handle is movedthrough a dilterent region or Zone to trip the apparatus. In the particular illustration ot my invention, the handle is moved in one direction from the initial position to perform one opera-tion, and in the opposite direction from said position to perform the other operation, but l do not limit myself to this arrangement unless it is so stated in the claims.

The handle is so counterweighted that it always returns to the mid or initial position when f releasedv after having been moved downward. This is particularly"advantageous, since it insures'the to their proper place irrespective of' the acts of the engineer. lVithout the weight -lfl or its equivalent the spring 36 would have-to overcomeV the inertia of the handle an'd other i parts, and it 1s my experience that `said spring does not possess sutiicient powerfor this purpose unless made of too great power lor tripping purposes only. Further, it is objectionable to increase the power of the sl'iring, because it causes too great a shock when the apparatus operates, and because it requires tooA much work to reset it and the rod 35. The arrangement described overcomes these objections.

I have illustrated a throttle valve.v as forming the regulator for the machi11e/equipped with my ii'nproved mechanism` but where the machine is of a dierent character another torm of regulator will or may be substituted.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle oli operation of my'invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and thatthe invention can be carried out by other means.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1A ln combination, a lmotive power agent, a. regulator therefor, an emergency governor driven by the` agent, an actuator moved by the governor for operating the regulator, a manually operated device which when moved to one position restores said actuator to its initial position, means operated by said device when moved to a dilierent position for releasing the actuator, and a restoring means for said-device. i

Q. In combination, a motive power agent, a regulator therefor, an actuator including a motor which is normally restrained troni acting and which when released causes the regulator to shut oit the supply oi energy to the agent, a governor for releasing the motor, a manually operated device which re-sets the motor when moved to a. given position and releases the motor when movedto a ditlerent for said device.

8. ln combination, a motive power agent, a regulator therefor, a governor,' a means 'controlled bv the `governor for causing the regulator to ushut oity the supply of energy to parts being returned` v position, and a restoring means` ioo izo

the agent, a manually actuated device which when moved in one direction actuates saidv means independently ot the gofvernorftol shut oit the supply of energy to the agent l and when moved 1n the opposite direction resets the means in position to be acted `,upon

by the governor, and a restoring meansy for A said device.

40 pendently of the governor, and a restoring 4. In combination, a prime mover, a self closing valve therefor, an emergency speed governor, an actuator for releasing the valve, a trigger forrestraining the actuator which is moved by the governor, a means independent of the governor for actuating the trigger, a device t'or resetting the actuator after an emergency operation and releas- Ling. it when it is desired to close the valve against, the action of the motor, an emergen p eed governor for moving the triggerv a' direction to release the actuator at a predetermined speed of the prime mover, a .means inde endent of the governor lfor moving the trlgger to release the actuator, a device for actuating the means and yalso resetting the actuator after it is released, and a restoring means for the device.

6. In combination, a motor, a valve therefor having a closing tendency, an emergency 'overnor, means actuated by the governor or tripping the valve when the lspeed of the motor reaches a predetermined value, a hand actuated agent which operates through ysaid means to release the valve, and a restoring means for the agent.

7. In combination, al motor, a valve there- 'for having a. closing tendency, an emergency governor, means actuated' by the governor for tripping the valve when the speed of the motor reaches a predetermined value, a hand actuated agent which resets the means after governor actuation and which also acts through said means to close the valve indemeans for the said agent.

8. In combination, a. motor, a valve therefor having a closing tendency, an emergency speed governor, a 'rod which when released by the governor causes the valve to close. a second rod which is capable of releasing the irst, .an agent which resets the first rod When moved through a portion of its region of movement and actuates the second rod when moved through another portion ofy its region of movement, and a restoring means for said agent.

9. In combination, a motor, a valve there- Jfor having a closing tendency, an emergency speed governor', a rod, a motor which moves the rod when it is released to close. the valve, a governor controlled trigger ior holding the rod against the action of thev second motor, a 'second rod by means of which the trigger' can be released, a 1lever for moving -the second rod, a means tor restora-ing 'the rods to their normal positions, and

`a' counter-balance for the last mentioned 5 means.

10. In combination, a prime mover, a regulating valve therefor, a. speed governor a rod for causing the valve to close sudden thesaid rod acting bya .hammer blow, a spring for moving the rod, a trigger controlled by the governor for releasing the rod and its spring, a handle lfor resetting the rod against the action of the spring, 'and a restoring means for the handle.

11. In combination, a prime mover, a regulating valve therefor, a speed governor, a rod for causing the valve to close suddenly, a sprinv for moving the rod, a trigger controlled by the governor for releasing the rod and its spring, a second rod for actuating the trigger, a handle for resetting the first for the handle.

12. In combination, a prime mover, a regulating valve therefor, a speed governor, a

rod for causing the valve to close suddenly, the said rod acting by ahammer blow, a spring for moving the rod, a trigger controlled by the governor for releasing the rod and its spring, a lever for resetting the rod and spring, an operative handle attached to the lever, a second rod for actuating the trigger, a means for transmittingV motion from the lever to the second rod, and a restoring means for the handle.

13. In combination, a prime mover, a regulator therefor, a speed governor, a rod and spring for actuating the regulator, a trigger controlled by the governor that restrains the rod and spring against acting, a lever for resetting the rod and spring after act-- ing, a second rod for moving the trigger to release the spring, a second lever acted upon by the first and connected to the second rod, means for moving the levers, and a Weight for restoring the last mentioned means.

14. In combination, a prime mover, a regulator therefor, a speed governor driven by the prime mover, a means under the control of the governor for releasing the regulator and permitting it to close, a lever for resetting the means,`a handle for the lever, and

a Weight for restoringy the handle.

' l5. In combination, a prime mover, a regulator therefor, a speed governor driven by the prime mover, a means under the control of the governor for releasing the regulator and permitting it to close, a lever for resetting the means, a. device independent of the governor for'releasing the means, a handle that serves to .move the lever and also the said device, and a. restoring means acting on the handle through the resetting lever.

16. In combi-nation, a prime mover, a regulating valve therefor. an emergency speed governor, means for causing the governor to close the valve suddenly under certain J, Setting Vit against the action of the motor,

rod, a' motor for moving the rod, and a tvigl In Witness whereof, I llave'lirleuntoseu ger controlled by the governor for releasing my hand this twenty-eighth day of l"May 10 the rod to the action of the notor, a handle 1909.

rotatably mounted adjacent the rodv for re- EE-DERIC R C. BOYD and means for automatically restoring the Nitiiessesz handle to its normal position after the i'e- Jo1iN,A.B/IoliANUs,J1-.,

setting opeation. vCIMR'LES A. BAR'YARD.

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