US964419A - Repeating firearm or rifle. - Google Patents

Description

N. mus'ro & o. DE -FELIOE. REPEATING FIREARM 0R RIFLE. APPLIIOATION FILED 5111.28, 1910. 7 9 4,41 9, Patented July 12, 1910.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q III/H7006 wmvsssss N. GIUSTO & G. DE-PELIOE.

REPEATING FIREARM OR RIFLE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1910.

- Patented July 12,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFioE.

Nic'oLA eius'ro ANn'eAnLo DE-FELICE, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

-- 'REPEATING FIREARM R RIFLE.

subject of theKing of Italy, and CARLO Dn- FELIOE, a citizen of the United States resrdentsof-the cityof NewYork, county and x State of New York, have invented certain new. and useful Improvements in Repeating .Firearms or. Rifles; andwe do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art .to which a it. appertains to make and use the. same, ref-.

once being had to the ,accompanyingdrawings, in which iirearm, show1ng"the hollow stock without cover, the barrel and its support ,being partly. broken away, the said 'view, being constructed and arranged in accordancewith our invention.- Fig. 2.;is an elevational side by the recoil against the view of our improved firearm, showing the same; stock with the-cover on',,and showing also theexternal working parts of the mechanism which will be hereinafter described. Fig. 3 is afragmentary sectional view show-.

ing the way-of guiding the conveying chain 1 and the cartridges in the interior of the stock and,Fig.:,4 is an elevational side view ofthe same, the cover havingbeen removed.= Fig.

5 is a 'traginentary-elevational sideview, partly sect1oned,-showing an improved rotating cylinder'andan improved barrel sup port which ca be used in connection with our firearm, and Fig. 6 is an elevational front view partly sectioned of said cylinder.

This invention relates .to improvmnents in firearms or rifles-andparticularly to automatic or semi-automatic -guns,and has for an object-a convenient disposition ofparts by which the weightof the gun can be easily supported in .everyposition. t 1

Ano her object of the invention is .to provide means for lessening the shocks effected shoulder, this being quite an inconvenience; especially in quick A further'ob ject'of the invention is the arrangement inva gun of an automatic discharge mechanism,-a magazine and means for conveying cartridges topthe automatic discharge-mechanism. v

With these and other objectsin view the invention comprises certain other novel com- .binations,constructions and arrangement of Specification of Letters Patent.

Figure lis an elevation or side view partly sectioned, of the interior of our improved,

an opening Thestrap 7, preferably of leather,is rigidly Patented July 12, 1910.

Application filed mam a, mic. Serial No. 540,714.

parts as will be hereinafter fully described and claimed. WVe have found that an objectionable feature of guns of the usual design is the fact that these must be held pressed against the shoulder, theweight of the gun resting entirely on the arms,and-requ1ring the use of both arms in. the firing. i

Adetail of our invention, which can be applied to guns of any description, consists in providing means for supporting the weight of the gun partly. on the shoulder and. partly on one. arm, moreover, by actually making anarm-hole in -the body of the gun this can be carried on theshoulder 111 any position, and; can be quicklypassed from the positionof rest to the firing position by rotatingit around the shoulder; this arrangement also renders possible thefiring of. the gun with the use of a. single arm when necessary. p

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, an embodiment of the vsame is shown in the accompanying-drawings in which: 1 is a hollow. stock, preferably ofmetal, of a sui table size and {form off-construction, 2v is acover for the same, 3 isa barrel and cylinder holder made of tough steel, or of any other suitable material, rigidly connected with the stock, and 4 is a common rifiebarrel fitted to part 3. An arm hole 5 is provided which could obviously be made solid, cast in the stock, but which in the drawings is shown as formed partly by the stock and partly by a swinging arm 6 andby a strap 7. i I

Part 6 swings around-the fulcrum pin 8, and is fixed in thedesired positionby the bolt 9, running through the slot 20, the object of this arrangement being the making of adjustable to arms of any size.

connected to the stock atone end, while at theother end it engagesa hook 10 or is held in any other convenient way which will permit its quick release: this will be found convenient to do when the gun has to be fired lying with the body fiat on the ground.

11 is a magazine in which the cartridges are kept horizontally in a column or in several columns side by side, suitable arrangements (not shown) being provided for their proper feeding to the conveyor 12. Ar

rangements will also be provided to prevent the cartridges from assuming a different position when the gun is not held horizontally, l 27, whose object is to impart the motion reby exercising a pressure on their sides or on their ends or by any other suitable means (not shown).

In the drawings the magazine is shown as consisting of a single column of cartridges, these being fed to the conveyor by gravity. The conveyer is constituted by a chain belt 12, provided at even spaces with pro ections 13, which push the cartridges while traveling to the feeding mechanism, and also separate one cartridge from another: this Wlll prevent any danger of the bullet of a cartridge coming in contact with the rear of the preceding cartridge. This conveyer is provided with rollers 14 which run in grooves cut in the stock 1 and on the inside face of the cover 2 thus avoiding any friction of the cartridges against the upper surface of the chamber 15. Other advantages of this arrangement are that the chain may be made to travel along an irregular line, clearing the arm hole, and that the chain is supported all along the way, the weight of the cartridges not being borne entirely by the sprocket wheels 16 and 17. The sprocket wheel 16 runs idle on the shaft 18, while the sprocket wheel 17 is rigidly fixed on the shaft 19.

21 is a movable part provided with two prongs 22 and which acts as a shock absorber. The prongs 22 are bored along their entire length to receive pins 23 rigidly fixed to the stock 1, and which act as guides for the longitudinal motion of part 21. Pins 23 have an enlarged head to which corresponds an enlarged part of the hole in prongs 22, and which acts as a stop for the part 21 against the action of springs 24. \Vhen the gun is fired, the recoil causes a pressure of part 21 against the shoulder, and springs 24 giving way, part 21 will move onward until the effect of the shock will have been absorbed. In the particular gun shown in the drawings, the motion of part 21 is utilized as prime mover for the other mechanisms of the gun as will be hereafter described; but it is obvious that in cases where the force of the impact should not be sufficient, the action of part 21 will be limited to that of a shock absorber, while a spring motor (not shown), or a hand lever 25 with convenient means for regulating its stroke, will be partly or totally used for causing the feeding and discharging mechanisms to act. Owing to this particular use, part 21 is provided with two regulating screws 26, which by a proper adjustment, and by limiting the stroke onward of part 21 to the point when said screws 26 come against the heads of pins 23, will give a means for lengthening or shortening the stroke of other parts whose motions are dependent from it.

Rigidly connected with part 21 is a rack pinion 28, keyed on a shaft 29.

ceived by part 21 upon the firing of a shot, and against the action of springs 24, to a On this same shaft 29 are keyed on two opposite sides of the gun two levers 30, 31, carrying the spring pawls 32, 33, and the springs 32, 33. On the onward stroke of part 21, rack 27 will cause pinion 28 and shaft 29 to rotate from left to right, causing pawl 33 on lever 31 to engage in the teeth of the internally toothed crown of a sprocket wheel 34, which turns loose on the same shaft, and producing the rotation of this wheel 34: the angle of the rotation being regulated by the stroke of rack 27 and consequently by a proper adjustment of the screws 26. Sprocket wheel 34 is connected with a chain belt 35 to another sprocket wheel 36 keyed on shaft 19, and causes the rotation of this shaft and consequently of the internal sprocket wheel 17 and the forward motion of the conveyer 12.

The stroke of the conveyer will be so regulated as to be of the same exact length as the intervals in between the projections 13,

so that at each stroke the conveyer will push the cartridge shown in the position 37 forward and into the receptacle 38 of the rotating cylinder 39, moving at the same time all the cartridges one space, and remaining at the end of the stroke with an empty space right under the magazine. Into this empty space a new cartridge will automatically be p aced, by gravity or by any other means, as stated before.

40 is a spring attached at one end to the part 3, and its object is to guide without shock the cartridge 37 into its proper position. The cartridge chamber 15 is so shaped at this stage of the cartridge travel as to allow of its gradual change of direction for entering the receptacle 38.

Upon the completion of the onward stroke of part 21 and of the mechanisms hereinbefore described, springs 24, with the aid of some other motive power if necessary, a spring motor, or a hand lever or the like, Wlll cause part 21 to go back to its former position: rack 27, pinion 28 and shaft 29 will consequently also go in the opposite direction, causing at this time awl 32 on lever 30 to engage in the teeth 0 the internally toothed crown of a sprocket wheel 41, and causing said sprocket wheel to rotate from right to left. Sprocket wheel 41 is connected with the chain belt 42 to another sprocket wheel 43, keyed on the eccentric shaft 44: and parts will be so arranged as to cause during the return stroke of art 21, an entire revolution of the eccentric shaft 44, and not more nor less. During said revolution a breech-block which for convenience of construction isshown as composed of two parts 45, 46, will be moved back by the eecentric, to which it is connected by link 47 swinging on pin 48, during the first half, and returned to its former position during the second half of the revolution of said eccentric shaft 44.

49 is a hammer or firing pin, and is shown in the drawings in the position ready for shooting. 50 is an enlarged part of said hammer, which rests against a spring 51. and 52 is a notch which engages in the hook of a crank lever 53. By pulling the trigger 54, link 55 causes crank lever 53 to disengage notch 52, and spring 51, acting against part 50 of the hammer will cause its firing the cartridge 56. When breech-block 4546, in the manner hereinbefore described is caused to retract from the position shown in the drawings by the first half of the revolutionv of eccentric shaft 44, hammer 49 is caused to follow and to return to its former position, notch 52 re'eingaging the hook in the crank lever 53.

57 is a safety stop for the lever 53, piv oted on a shaft 57 by turning it 90 de grees to the right from the position shown in the drawing, by .means of the button 58, its top part will go against the lower arm of crank lever 53, preventing this from disengaging notch 52, or in other words giving a position of safety to the firearm.

39 is a rotating cylinder made of steel or ofany other convenient material, rotating on pin 59, and is provided with several chambers adapted to receive the cartridges to be used in the gun, and provided at one end with an e ual number of notches, as seen in the usua type of cylinder used in revolvers. In Figs. 5 and 6 this cylinder is shown as composed of two parts, 39 and 39, and this construction is suggested in preference to that shown in Fig. 1 as it adds to the lightness of the piece and it facilitates its cooling. Part 39" is provided with ribs 61 of a shape adapted to 'fit the internal opening of part 39, and is provided with holes 62 through said ribs with the object of further 'improving the cooling of the piece. Said cylinder 39 carries the cartridges received from the conveyer in the position 38 to the firing position 56, by turning on pin 59 of one step at each shot. This turning action may be caused in a manner similar tothat used in revolvers, or in any other convenient way; in the drawings this action is performed during the first part of the stroke of the breech-block 45-46 by means of a link 63 connected to it and to a crank lever 64 bearing a pawl shown in Fig. 1 in dotted lines. This pawl will begin to engage notch when the breech-block has retired enough to clear the cartridge chamber 56 and to allow the turning of the cylinder.

Conveyer 12 will accompany the cartridgesin the position 38 only to a certain point, a space having to be provided for the turning of the projections 13 around the sprocket wheel 17; an inclined plane 65 is therefore provided which will gradually push the cartridges all the way inside of the chambers, during the turning of the cylinder from the position 38 to the position 56.

Proper means (not shown) in the way of antagonistic toothed wheels and pawls, or

frictional brakes such as used in presses,

and the like, will be provided to prevent cylinder 39, shaft 19 and shaft 44 to turn only in their proper direction.

The hollow stock 1 is provided with lugs 66 tapped and adapted to receive the screws 67 which fasten the cover 2 to the stocks -The magazine 11 18 protected by a cover 68.

After the cartridge 56 has been tired the cylinder 39 turns one step, presenting a new cartridge to the action of the firing pin, while the empty shell has to be ejected before the chamber reaches the position 38. Many different means could be devised to this object Without departing from the spirit of this invention, and one is shown in Fig. 2. A gear 69 is keyed 011 the shaft 29 and rotates with it, causing another gear 70, turning loosely on a pin 71, to rotate in a different direction. This gear 70 engages a rack 72 running through two bearings 73, and hearing an extractor 74 of a shape adapted to catch the rear-part of a shell. When part 21 moves forward, and shaft 29 rotates from left to right, the rack 72 moves backward, drawing the empty shell previously notch (not shown) which prevents any further backward travel of the shell while the extractor continues for a while in the same direction. This causes the cartridges to be forced out of the extractor and to be expelled, this action being in other words similar to that of the ejector used in many wellknown types of guns.

Upon part 21 beginning its return stroke, rack 72 will be driven to its former position, and the extractor 74 will engage the next empty shell. The hand lever 25 will be used for causing the motion of the various parts in the same way as described, to bring the first cartridge into firing position, or while unloading the gun, stop 57 having been previously turned to the safety position. This hand lever, as said before, may also con stitute the motive power used in the operation of the gun when firin'g, should part 21 be used only as a shock absorber. The stock 1 is provided at its forward end with a nose 75, which by being connected by pin 76 to a projection 77 of part 3, reinforces the system.

Other details off-our invention which may i are shown in a trigger guard 79, and in a special barrel support 80. a

A projection 78 from the stock and the trigger guard 79 are shaped so as to afford a good grip to the hand, the tri ger guard being provided with cells adapted to receive the middle finger at the front, the ring finger against its lower face. and the thumb on and against its rear face.-Part 80 is a bracket preferably of hollow metal, cov ered with leather or felt 8i, connected at one end to the stock by the pin 76, and at the other end supporting the barrelat about the middle of its length; an asbestos packing 82 prevents the heat from the barrel from being communicated to the bracket 80, and while this offers a very convenient grip for the left hand while firing it has the further advantage of leaving the barrel entirely exposed to the air for its entire length, so that its cooling will be much improved.

It is to be noted that the mechanisms described for discharging the cartridges can be in some instances much simplified, doing away with the breech-block and firing pin and substituting for it a device similar to that used in revolvers; the way of operatin said breech-block and firingpin when used could also be modified. These and various other modifications and changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit of the invention,

therefore we do not wish to confine ourselves to that shown and described.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a firearm or rifle, in combination with a barrel and suitable firing mechanism, a stock'provided with a hole adapted to receive the arm and a magazine behind the shoulder, holding one or more columns of cartridges in a longitudinal position.

2. In a firearm or rifle in combination with a barrel and suitable firing mechanism, a hollow stock provided with an opening adapted to receive the arm, a'magazine behind the shoulder, a rotating cylinder, means for feeding the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, and means for rotating the cylinder.

3. In a firearm or rifle in combination with a barrel, a hollow stock provided with an opening adapted to receive the arm, a magazine behind the shoulder, a rotating cylinder, means for feeding the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, means for rotating the cylinder, means for discharging said cartridges, and an extractor for extracting empty shells.

4;. In a device of the character described, a hollow stock provided with an opening adapted to receive the arm, a magazine behind the shoulder, means for absorbing the a rotating cylinder, meansfor feeding the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, and means for rotating the cylinder. l

In a device of the character described, a hollow stock provided with an opening adapted to receive the arm, a magazine behind the shoulder, a rotating cylinder, means for absorbing the shock due to recoil while firing, means for feeding the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, means for rotating the cylinder, means for discharging said cartridges, and an extractor for extracting empty shells.

6. In a deviceof the character described, a hollow stock provided with an opening adapted to receive the arm, a magazine behind the shoulder, means for absorbing the shock due to recoilwhile firing, means for utilizing the force thus obtained for the operation of the gun, a rotating cylinder, means for feeding the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, means for rotating, the cylinder, means for discharging said cartridges, and an extractor for extracting empty shells.

7. In a device of the character described a hollow stock, an arm receiving member, a magazine at the rear end, means for absorbing the shock due to recoil while firing, separate means for the operationof the gun, a rotating cylinder, means for feeding the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, means for rotating the cylinder, means for discharging said cartridges, an extractor for extractin empty shells, a trigger guard provided with cells adapted to receive the middle finger in front, the ring finger against its lower face and the thumb on and against its rear face, and means for supporting the gun at its outer end leaving a free circulation of air around the barrel.

8. In a device of the character described a hollow stock, an arm receiving member, a magazine at the rear end, a longitudinally moving shoulder piece, pins for guiding said motion, springs opposing said motion, means for adjusting the stroke of said moving part, means for utilizing said motion for the operation of the gun, a rotating cylinder, a conveyer for conveying the cartridges through the hollow stock to the rotating cylinder, means for rotating the cylinder, a breech-block, a firing pin, means for operating said breech block and firing pin, and an extractor for extracting empty shells.

9. In a device of the character described a hollow stock, an arm receiving member, a magazine at the rear end, a longitudinally moving side piece, pins for iding said motion, springs opposing sai motion, means for adjusting thestroke of said moving part, means for utilizing said motion for shock due to recoil while firin sa es,

the operation or, the gun, separate means for operating the gun independently from it,,a rotating cylinder, a conveyer for conveying the cartridges through the hollow stock-to the rotating cylinder, means for rotating the cylinder, a breech'bloclg-a firing pin, means for operating saidbreech-block and firing pin, and an extractorii'o'r extracting empty shells.

10. In a device of the character described a hollow stock, an arm receiving member, a magazine at the rearend, a longitudinally moving shoulder piece, pins for guiding said motion, springs opposing said motion-,means for adjusting the stroke of said moving part, means for utilizing saidrnotiondor the operationof the gun, separate means for operating the. gun independently? from it,fa rotating. cylinder, 'neans for;rotatinggtlie cylinder, a conveyer. for conveying.. the car,- tridges through the hollow stock to theretating cylinder, a breech blockya firing -pin,

means for operating saidbreech bloc and firing pin, an extractor for'extracting empty shells, a trigger guard providedwith" cells adapted to receive the middle fingerin i and means'for supporting the gun at its outer 'end leavin a free circulation of air aroundthe barrel; i v i "1 1. In a device of the character described a h'olloiv stoch an' arm receiving member, a magazine at'lthe rear end, a" longitudinally moving, shoulder piece, pins for guiding saidv motion, springs opposing said motion, meansfor adjnsting the stroke of said mov- -.ingparty-separate means for the operation ofthe gun, a rotating cylinder, means for rotating-"thecylinder, a co'nveyer forctinvey'ng the cartridges through {the hsn'ow stbfc tothe rotating'cylinder, abreech-block, a 1i ng pin, means forbperating said breechack and'fi n p a a eman ipationextracting empty. shells.l-- q NICOLA GIUSTO: 1'2OARLOZDE- FELICE,"

Images