US937285A - Alloy. - Google Patents

Description

" UNITED STATES P T NT OFFIQE.

EDWARD B. CRAFT AND JONATHAN W. HARRIS, OF HACKENSACK, NEW JERSEY, AS-

SIGNORS TO WESTERNELECTRIC 'COMPA OF ILLINOIS.

NY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION ALLOY.

937,235. No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD B. Cnm r and JONATHAN I. Haunts, citizens of the United States, residing at Hackensack, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Alloys, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

Our invention relates to an alloy for use in connection with electrical apparatus, and more particularly to an allo which may be employed as a substitute or platinum in electrical contacts. v I

The object of our invention is'to provide an alloy which is cheaper than platinum, and which nevertheless possesses the properties which render that metal valuable for use in connection with electrical appliances.

Our invention consists of an alloy of gold, silver and nickel. The silver is introduced in quantities sufficient to materially lessen the cost, without destroying the non-tarnishing property of pure gold, which latter m tal constitutes the larger-portion of the' a1 oy. This mixture of gold and HllVOl' 15 so alloyed with suflicient quantities of nickel to produce the degree of hardness required in material for electrical contacts.

The alloy is composed of the above named constituents in about the following proportions: gold, 67:} per cent. to 70 per cent..;

silver, 25 per cent; nickel, 5 per cent. to 79;

per cent.

Thmworking requirements for contacts of electrical apparatus make it essential to restrict the component metals of the alloy of our invention rather closely to the pro-portions given above.

In order to make the alloy as cheap as possible, without detracting from the proper working qualities, we do not use any more gold than is necessary to overcome the tarnishing tendency of silver. \Ve have found that we can safely use, as a maximum,

30 per cent. of silver, and still produce an alloy which will not corrode in service, and

that we can use, as a minimum, 25 per cent. of silver without unduly increasing the cost of the alloy.

As to the roporti'on of nickel, we have found that t e physical properties-of the Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed. February 24, 1909. Serial No. 479,799.

Patented on. 19, 1909.

alloy begin .to be injured seriously if nickel is present to a much greater extent than 7.} per cent... while not-sufficient hardness and a low melting point is obtainedif much less than 5 per cent. of nickel is employed. Moreover, if a greater amount of nickel than about '1} percent. is present, there is a slight increase in the tendency of the alloy to C0l'iOd9;

The process of manut'acturing this alloy does not differ materially from the standard practice in the manufacture of alloys of precious metals. The proper proportions of the three constituents are weighed out and placed in a crucible, andthere subjected to a heat sufficient to melt the material. If an electric furnace is employed, it is preferable to melt the nickel in a graphite crucible which has been flashed with magnesia or lime in order to prevent the; carbon of the crucible from uniting with the nickel. After the nickel is melted the gold and silver are added and the heat thereupon lowered to the melting point of the alloy, namely, to approxilmitely 1300 centigrade; or any othersnitable method of alloying the metals may be employed. It is preferable to remelt the alloy one or more times after the first melting in order to insure the. perfect mixing of the constituent metals. This, however, is standard practice, and further description thereof is unnecessary. The alloy of gold, silver and nickel in the proportions above mentioned has been foundto possess practically all the characteristics peculiar to platinum, and furthermore, the advantage of being .considerably cheaper than platinum, and somewhat harder than that metal.

We claim:

An alloy composed of gold, silver and nickel, in approximately the following proportions: gold, 67!; to 70 per cent. silver,

25 per cent.; nickel, 5 to 7% per cent.

In witness whereof, we hereunto subscribe our names this 23rd day of February, 1909.

EDWARD B. CRAFT.

JONATHAN W. HARRIS.

Witnesses:

- D. C. TANNER.

'Rusi F. Nnwoomn.