US920554A - Surface of ascension or aeroplane for flying-machines. - Google Patents

Description

. A. P. FILIPPI. SURFACE OF ASGENSION OR AEROPLANE FOR FLYING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10, 1907.

Patented May 4, 1909.

' -UNITED sTArns QPJ TENT OFFICE.

ANTOINE PADOUE FILIPPLQF PARIS, FRANCE.

SURFACE OF ASCENSION OR AEROIPLANE FOR FLYING-MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patent d Ma '4', 1oo9.

Application filed September 10, 1907.' Serial No. 392,195.

provements in Surfaces of Ascension or Aeroplanes for Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Surfaces of ascension or aeroplanes, applicable to apparatus adapted to raise them selves, to sustain themselves, and to direct themselves in the air are well known. Such surfaces as heretoforeconstructed essentially comprise a spherical canopy with the convexity directed upwardly, provided with two symmetrically arranged webs 0r fins; at the lower part of such canopy is mounted a series of open frusta' of cones which are concentric and have as their common axis the axis of the spherical canopy. When such a canopy is rapidly rotated about its axis there is produced a reduction of airpressure above the surface which reduced-air pressure results in an ascensional force.

. The present invention has for object to provide an improved surface of ascension or aeroplane of particularly efiicient form and simple construction, adaptedto act in a similar manner. to the known spherical center.

canopy with the fins. The resultobtained is always a reduction of pressure above the surface of ascension or aeroplane when set in rotation about an axis gerpendicular to the plane surface and passing through its frusta of cones which in the old construction,

exist below the spherical canopy are, inthe new surface, replaced by a single frustum of a cone the larger base of which is open and the smaller base of which is closed. The diameter of the larger base is approximately equal to the minor axis of the ellipse of the plane surface.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows in perspective a surface of ascension or aeroplane embodying this invention. Fig.

The means for obtaining this re-- equal to the minor axis of the ellipse.

sponding to the line AA of Fig. 2. "Fig. 4 is a side elevation.

As willbe seen from the drawings the surface of ascension or aeroplane comprises, a plane 1 bounded by a curve. of elliptical form. This surface is mounted 'upon a .ver-

tical axle 2, passing through the inter-section of the axes of the ellipse at 3 and to which, in any, suitable manner, a rotary movement is imparted in-the direction of.

the arrows 4. The edge portions 5, 5 of the.

surface, at about a quarter of the lengthof the elliptical curve, are each curved downwardly, as shown, below .the plane of the surface; as will be seen, they are symmet= rical with respect to the center. They act as fins and constantly compress the subjacent air from the periphery toward the center,

while 11. Lintaining it below the plane. At. the same time they draw in the air which is above the surface in rotation behind the fins and thus create a continuous radial current of air from the center toward the pesultant, on the one hand,'of' this subjacent compression and, on the'other hand, of the horizontal fiight of the air at the upper part from the center toward the periphery, at the same time the horizontally flowing air creates above the surface a reduction of pres sure which becomes the greater the more rapid the said air flight is.

The edge portions 6', 6 of the surface are very slightly curved upwardly above the surface, also symmetrically with respect to the center. They have the effect of giving a greater opening to the air gathered by the also augment the thickness of the layer of .subjacent compression. The curved edge portions 6, 6' may however be dispensed with, their function not being necessary in all cases.

Below the surface and riveted thereto is arranged the frustum of a cone 7, the diameter of the base 8 of which is approximately This frustum of a cone is closed at 9 and 00011 pies the place of a mass of air which would be detrimental since, under the action ofcentrifugal force, it would counteract the 1 gyration of the edge portions 5, '5; they 1 action of the reduced pressure produced as i has been stated above the surfacel Moreover, the external walls of this frustum of a cone form bearing surfaces for the air 1m- 2 is a plan. Fig. 3 is ayertical section correprisoned' under the surface by the edge portions 5, 5, the pressure of which air is thus augmented. Finally the presence of this cone, which is riveted to the surface, insures the rigidity and the solidarity of the surface and s mplifies the construction thereof.

\Vhat I claim is 1. A surface of ascension or aeroplane applicable to apparatus adapted to raise itself,

sustain itself and to direct itself in the air,

said aeroplanehaving an elliptical contour positely disposed edge portions, each of which is bent downwardly below said flat portions for about a quarter of the periphery of said aeroplane, and edge portions oppositely disposed and slightlybent up above said fiat portion contiguous to saidbent down ortions.

3. A sur ace of ascension-or aeroplane applicable to apparatus adapted to raise itself,

sustain itself and to direct itself in the air,

comprising a plane bounded by an elliptical curve, the edge portions of this plane being bent downwardly below the plane at about a quarter of the curve, this bent down portion being symmetrically reproduced upon the other half of the curve, and a frustum of a cone closed at its small base and riveted at its larger base tothe lower face of the-surface of ascension or aeroplane, the diameter of'the larger base of this frustum of a cone being nearly equal to the-length of the minor axis of the ellipse.

4. A surface of ascension or areoplane applicable to apparatus adapted to raise itself, sustain itself and to direct itself-in the air, comprising a, plane bounded by an elliptical curve, the edge portions of this plane being bent downwardly below the plane at about a quarter of the curve, and very .slightly'bent upwardly above the plane on the contiguous quarter, this bending down and bending up being symmetrically reprod'uced upon the other half of the curve, and a frustum of a cone. closed at its smaller base and riveted at its larger base to the lower face of the surface of ascension or aeroplane, the diameter of the larger base of this frustum of a cone being nearly equal to the len th of the minor axis of the ellipse.

igned at Paris, France, this 20th day of August 1907. i

' ANTOINE PADOUE FILIPPL Witnesses:

DOMINIQUE OASALONGA, HANSON O. Coxn.

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