US895197A - Manufacture of plastic compositions from fibrous materials. - Google Patents

Description

No. 895,197. l PATENTE) lTUG. 4, 190s.

' j N. REIT'. A

MNUTAGTURE 0T PLASTIC COMPOSITTONS PROM TTBBoUs MATERIALS.

\\ APPLICATION FILED 001229, 1908.

i UNITED sTATEs PATENT eEErcE, j

NICOLAUS REIF, OF HANOVER, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC COMPOSITION S FROM FIBROUS MATERIALS. i I

To all wam it may concern:

Be it known that I, N rcoLAUs REIF, sub- 'ect of the Emperor of Germany, residing at anover, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manu# facture of Plastic Compositions from Fibrous Materials, of which the following is a specifi cation.

This invention relates to the manufacture of lastic compositions of a wood, lino1eum, india-rubberor stone-like character from fibrous materials and oils, fats, tars and resins, which after being distributed throughout the fibrous material are sulfo-chlorinated, nitrated or` oxidized and form the binding material for the fibers. The fibrous materials, for example, peat, wood, cork, paper, cellulose, refuse from textile industries, etc. are either cut into small pieces or separated into threads or fuzzed like wool, according to the pur ose for which the composition is to be cmpoyed. The loose material is then saturated with basic gases, forexample, with gaseous ammonia, or dusted with basic substances in a powdered form, for example, with calcium hydroxid, sodium carbonate, oxid of manganese, etc., in order to neutralize immediately the acids formed in the sulfo-chlorination or nitration of the binding material and by this means to prevent the destruction of the fibers and to revent the binding material from being ren ered brittle and dark in color by free acids. The fibrous material so treated is now moved about in a paddle-a paratus or beater and spra ed with oil, tar, at or a mixture of these su stances with resins, in such a manner that these substances, under a high pressure andin the form of'a cloud-like spray are forced into the body of fibers, whereby the se arate fibers or particles thereof are very uni orml',r covered with a microscopically thin coating of the binding material just sufficient for the connection of the fibers. At the same time or later, the binding material now on the fibrous material is sulfo-chlorinated, nitrated or oxidized, for which purpose chlorid of sulfur, nitric acid, oxygen, etc. is supplied under pressure as a cloud-like spray or vapor in quantity egluivalent to the amount of binding maten y the addition of the above-mentioned reagents, the binding material (oil, tar, etc.)

A on the fibers is converted into a solid material which is more or less hard and elastic and is no longer sticky but 1s capable of binding Specification of Letters Patent. Appumnnaiod october se, 190e. sel-m no. 341,139.

` like or fireproof, t

Patented Aug. 4,1908.

when warm and resembles india-rubber pr asphalt. ,i This binding material, together with the fibrous material, forms an extremely homogeneous mass or composition that can be worked in heated rollers, tube machines (Bohrmaschinen) presses, etc! into objects of an desired kind. According to the amount o binding material or of the said' reagents, a more or less wood, linoleum-, or india-rubber-like mass or com osition is obtained, which hardens during t e molding or forming process. Should the objects made from the said com osition require to be stone- Ihe fibrous material is dusted with suitable substances, for example, minerals, sand, sulfate of alumina, ammonium sulfate, boric acid, etc. Coloring is effected by means of mineral colors.

The drawings illustrate one form of an apparatus in which the method can be carried out.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, and Fig. 2 an end view.A

Like reference characters upon the drawings denote corresponding parts, and, referring to the drawings, b denotes a c linder with which communicates a conduit a aving arranged therein spiral conveyer a for feeding the material to be treated to the cylinder b. W'ithin the latter is `secured a support b constituting a bearing-for the shaft b. Journaled in the outlet end b3 of the cylinder b is' Journaled in the inlet end a stub shaft b. of the cylinder is the inner end of anoperat` ing shaft b5, the latter rotated through the medium of a ulley b" carried thereblyr and connected.wit a prime mover not s own. The shaft b5 carries a gear 67 which meshes with a gear bs fixed upon the'shaft of the conveyer a.-

sV i By such construction it is evident that when motion is imparted to the operating shaft b5 the conveyer a' will be'driven.-

Upon the inner end of the shaft b5 is a carrying arm b9 to which is connected one end of the agita-ting blades bo, b, The other end of the agitating blade b1 is fixed to an arm b" and the other end of the blade l# is fixed to an arm b1. VThese arms b" and b are fixed to one end of the shaft b. The latter also carries an arm b to which is connected one end of the agitating blades b and b1'. The other end of the blade b is attached to an arm b and the other end'of the blade b" is attached to an arm t". The arms b and b are fixed to the bearing stub b.

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ing blades it is evident that when the shaft b lI is rotated motion will be imparted to the! blades therebf,T agitating the material within the c linder b. Communicating with the cylint er `lisnrplurality of nozzles c for the introduction of oil, tar or the like and the cylinder b has also comrnunicatinfJP therewith a nozzle d for the introduction ochlorid of sulfur or the e uivalent. An outlet e is formed in the en f of the cylinder b.

1. A method of manufacturing a plastic composition comprising the treating of fiber with a protective material, then adding a vulcanizable material thereto, and then vulcanizing the mixture.

2. A method of manufacturin a plastic composition-comprising the treating of iber with a. material adapted to neutralize any acids formed during the process of vulcanizing, then adding a. vulcanizable binder and a. vulcanizer.

3. A method of manufacturing a plastic composition comprising the treating of iber with a basic material, adding a vulcanizable binder, and vulcanizing with an acid vulcanizer.

4. A method of manufacturing a plastic composition comprising the treating of iiber with a neutralizing agent, adding vulcanizable binder thereto, and then vulcanizing with sulfur chlorid.

5. A method of manufacturing a plastic composition com rising the treatmgof 'fiber with ammonia, a ding a vulcanizable binderf and then vulcanizing with sulfur chlorid.

with a protective material, s rayin thereon a vulcanizable binder, and t en vu canizing the mixture.

9. A method of manufacturing a plastic composition comprising the treatlng of ber with a protective material, then spraying a. vulcanizable binder thereon, and then spraying a vulcanizer upon the mixture.

10'. The herein described composition of matter consisting of fiber and a vulcanizable -binder vulcanized 'together and free from substances deleterious to the ber.

11. The herein-described com osltlon of matter consisting of fiber and a ituminous binder vulcanized together and free from substances deleterious to 'the fiber.

In testimoniT whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

NIooLAUsREIF.

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