US882043A - Evaporator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 882,043. PATENTED MAR. 1'7, 1908. E. ZAREMBA.

EVAPORATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV.30,1906.

3 SHEBTS-SHEET l.

No. 882,043. PATENTED MAR. 17, 1908.

E. ZAREMBA. Y EVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED MAR. 17, 1908.

B. ZAREMBA. EVAPORATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30, 190B.

3 SHEETQ-SHEET 3.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD ZAREMBA, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

EVAPORATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 17, 1908.

Application filed November 30, 1906. Serial No. 345,616.

- the cost thereof.

To this end the invention consists in prov ding means to improve the circulation within the evaporator of the liquor to be evaporated, thus, with a given amount of heating surface, increasing the efliciency or evaporative capacity of the evaporator or rendering it possible, where a given capacity is specified, to "reduce the heating surface, that is, the number of heatin tubes, and thus correspondingly reducing the costof the eva orator.

e invention also consists of various other features, combinations of features and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

'In the accompanyin drawings, in which my invention is fullyi ustrated, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an evaporator embodyin my improvements, taken on the line 11 0? Fig. 2. Fig. 21 is a front elevation thereof, the cover being removed from one side of the steam chest; and Fig. 3 is a plan section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1.

The evaporator shown in the drawings is of the type known as a-vacuum pan.

Referrm now to the drawings, 1 desig nates the s ell of my improved evaporator,

which is cylindrical in. form and is supported 40.

in upright position on a suitable base or foundation, consisting, as shown, of connected I-beams 2. Formed at the front and back of the shell 1 are steam chests 3 and 4 which are connected by was of horizontal pipes or tubes 5, the ends of which are secured in holes or openings formed in the walls 6 separating said steam chests from the interior of the evaporator. The covers of the steam chests 3 and 4 are removable, thus rendering the interiors thereof accessible for the purpose of inserting, removing and cleaning the tubes 5.

i Alltof theheating tubes 5 are located be- "low the designed level of the liquor in the.

evaporator, when the evaporator is fully charged and in operation. i

The steam chests 3 and 4 are shorter than the diameter of the evaporator shell 1, so that s aces 7 of considerable width are left at bot sides of the evaporator between the tubes 5 and the shell 1.

The lower end of theevaporator is closed by a bottom 8 and, at its upper end, said evaporator is adapted to be connected with a orators, by means of a pipe 9. the formation of dead spaces or pockets in the evaporator, the upper portion 10 of the shell 1 tapers or converges upwardly to the discharge opening thereof with which the pipe 9 communicates. In like manner to prevent the formation of dead s aces or pockets at the points where the she 1 is ex tended to form the steam chests 3 and 4, the tops of said extensions are inclined upwardly, as shown at 11, from the inner wal s 6 of the steam chests.

My im roved evaporator is provided with the usua connections, comprising independent steam connections 12 and 13 through which, respectively, live and exhaust steam may be admitted to the steam chest 3; an admission pipe 15 for supplying the liquor, to be evaporated, to the evaporator and a discharge pipe 16 for discharglng the evaporated liquor therefrom drain pipes and wash-outs,

miliar with the art without scription thereof. 1 The increased efiiciency of my improved evaporator is attributable, primarily, to what may be termed the non-heatin s aces 7 between the heating tubes 5 and t e shell of the evaporator, the liquor passing upwardly among the heating tubes 5 and downwardly throu h the spaces 7 in a continuous cycle, a muc better circulation being secured than in the old types of evaporators in which the heating tubes occupied substantially the enthus leaving no, or at most a very imited, non-heating space or down-take for the downward passage of the liquor and that at the center of the evaporator. The downward circulation is enhanced by the fact that the spaces 7 are located adj acent' to the shell with the external atmosphere, thereby opvacuum pump or, in series, with other evap- To prevent.

tire transverse space within-the eva rator,.

as will be readily understood by persons faa detailed de- 1, which is relatively cool, owing to contact 1 crating to retard the heating of the liquor therein and causing it to descend more rapidly.

Owing to the improved circulation, an

evaporator with a given amount of heating surface will obviously have'an increased fliciency or capacity for evaporation, so that where a given capacity is specified, it is possible to reduce the number of the heating tubes 5, thusefl'ecting a material saving in the cost, of the evaporator. Y A further great advantage of my improved evaporator is in the evaporation of liquors which foam excessively on the application of heat. With any evaporators of which I have any knowledge, it is a frequent experience that, owing to imperfect circulation, practically the entire charge of theevaporator is converted into foam, Whichrises'to such a height in the evaporator that portions there of are caught in the draft of the vacuum and carried ofi' with the vapor, thus causingconsiderable loss. And it sometimes happens that the entire charge of-the evaporator willbe carried on and lost in this manner. Due

to the, large down-takes of my improved i evaporator, located adjacent to the relatively cool shell thereof, I find that this objectionable feature isalmost entirelyovercome.

Iclaim:' r An evaporator comprising a vertical cy1in- 'drical shell, two steam chests at opposite sides of the shell and exterior thereto, a transverse group of heating tubes connecting the steam chests and lying in the liquor space of the shell, said group of tubes being arranged centrally of the shell, leaving an unobstructed space above the group and a segmental unobstructed space between each side of the group and the adjacent shell wall whereby a constant upward circulation of

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