US863833A - Crushing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED Anzo, 1907.

l2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 M. G. BmmBLL.. GRUSHING MAGHINB. APPALIOATION FILED HAY 4.1908.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MORTON G. BUNNELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTERN WHEELED SCRAPER COMPANY, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION.

CRUSHING-MACHINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 20, 1907.

Application iled May 4, 1908. Serial No. 155,689.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MoRToN G. BUNNELL, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Crushing-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This application is subordinate'to my, prior patent, Number 839,103, issued December 25, 1906.

My invention relates to crushing machines of that type in which a pitman and a swinging yoke are coin-4 bined for giving a bodily forward and back and oscillatory movement to a movable jaw arranged in opposition to a stationary jaw.

Generally stated, the object of my invention is to provide a simple and highly efcient crushing machine of the foregoing character.

A special object is to obtain a more eicient and more powerful toggle action on the part of the pitman, yoke and movable jaw.

It is also an obj ect to simplify and reduce the number of parts.

To the foregoing and other useful ends my invention consists in matters hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of a crushing machine embodying the principles of my invention, the section being taken on line l*l in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan of the crushing machine shown in Fig. l. Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views illustrating different positions of the jaw and pitman.

The very simple, compact and highly efficient crushing machine thus illustrated may comprise a suitable bed or body frame A, having a stationary jaw a at one end, and having shaft bearings a at the other end. The movable jaw B is arranged to oppose the said stationary jaw and can be supported by the bearing bar a2 through the medium of a rolling fulcrum C. The vertically reciprocating pitman D is preferably actuated by an eccentric cam E mounted upon the shaft which revolves in the bearings a. A swinging yoke F has its forward end swingingly connected with the frame at a point adjacent to the stationary jaw. The rear end or cross-bar f of this yoke is preferably journaled on the upper end of the pitman.

A simple and effective arrangement for connecting the jaw, pitman, and yoke together consists in providing a toggle-arm b of the jaw with stubs bf and in clamping or compressing the upper end of the pitman between the cylindric bar f and the rear end of the toggle arm by means of a couple of clipsG. Thus the forward end of the yoke is tied to the frame, the rear end of the yoke is tied to the pitman, and the rear end of the toggle arm is also tied to the pitman. And the means for tying the jaw and pitman together serves also as the means for tying the pitman and yoke together. y

The construction and organization is such that the toggle-joint II, during the operation of the machine,

rises and falls and first breaks joint below the center and v then above the center.

Prior to my invention, no crushing machine has ever been constructed or proposed with a toggle joint of this character which crosses a line drawn from the center of the bar f to any point on the crushing face of the movable jaw. But with my improved construction this toggle joint swings across a line drawn preferably from the center of the bar f to a point at about the center of the crushing face of the movable jaw. This gives a much more eflicient and powerful toggle action. As illustrated, the forward and rear ends of the yoke and the toggle or knuckle joint are brought into line with each other at every half turn of the ecentric, as shown in Fig. `3. In this figure the pitman and the rear end ofthe yoke are shown at the extreme downward limit of their stroke `in full lines, and at the extreme upper limit of their stroke in'dotted lines. In Fig. 4 the toggle joint is shown below the' center in full lines and above the center in dotted lines. Thus it will be seen that the joint H has a true toggle action when descending, as well as when rising, and that consequently the jaw will advance twice to each complete turn or rotation of the eccentric-cam. In other words, for each complete turn or rotation of the driving shaft there are two slight bodily forward thrusts on the part ofthe jaw. And this slight bodily movement, which in practice is perhaps not more than anywhere from a sixteenth to a quarter or even half inch, is accompanied -by an oscillatory movement of the jaw. This oscillatory movement in practice may be anywhere from threequarters to an inch or inch and one-half. The extent of movement may however be varied according to requirements and the character of the material to be crushed.

When the toggle joint H is starting upward from its lowest position, the pitman is acting as a lever with the load between the power and the fulcrum, as far as the center and upper portion of the crushing or movable jaw are concerned. But when the toggle-joint starts downward from its highest position, the pitman then acts as a lever having its fulcrum between the power and the load, as far as the center and lower portions of the movable jaw are concerned. In other words, the arrangement of the toggle joint is such that the pitman serves alternately as a lever of the first order and then of the second order. This, so far as I am aware, is broadly new, as no crushing machine involving these elements, particularly the arm rigid with the movable jaw, has ever been constructed with the toggle tween the pitman and yoke to any point on the crushing face of the movable jaw.

The toggle joint can break joint above and below the thrust center line-that is, a straight line drawn from the axis ot the yoke to the crosspiece f. The movable jaw, of course, has a combined oscillatory and bodily forward and back movement.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A crushing machine, comprising a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged to oppose said stationary jaw, a pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, a swinging yoke having one end connected with the stationary jaw and the other end connected with the upper end of said pitman, and a toggle joint connection between the movable jaw and the upper end of said pitman, said connection consisting of an arm rigid with the movable jaw but pivotally engaging the pitman, and the toggle joint being adapted to break joint both above and below the center during the up and down movements of said pitmanl 2. A jaw-Crusher comprising a bed or body, a hopper formed in part by a movable jaw, a supporting roll inter-I posed between the bed or frame and the body of the said jaw, a pitman for actuating said jaw and connected with the latter by a toggle joint practically or substantially on a level with the top of the jaw, and thereby above or subA stantially above the lines of resistance, and a swinging yoke having one end tied to the pitman and the other end tied to said bed or frame, said yoke thereby adapted to sustain both tensile and end-wise compressive strains during the operation of the crusher, and the roll, yoke and pitman combining to givevthe jaw a combined oscillating and bodily forward-and-back movement, the said roll constituting an anti-friction supporting bearing upon and about which the movable jaw is tilted or oscillated by the said pitman, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

3. A crushing machine comprising a movable jaw, a vertically reciprocating pitman adapted and arranged for. actuating said jaw in both directions, said jaw having a rigid toggle arm swingingly connected at its end with said pitman, a swinging yoke having one end tied to said pitman and the other end tied to the crusher frame or body, so as to provide the pitman with a fulcrum at both forward and back strokes of the jaw, adjustable bearings for taking up wear between the pitman and the jaw and yoke, so as to prevent lost motion, and means for actuating said pitman, thc side portions of the yoke thereby adapted to sustain both tensile and end-wise compressive strains during the operation of the crushing machine, and the means for maintaining the connection between the pitman and the said arm being applied to the pitman at a point above the said means for actuating the latter, the point of engagement between the said arm and pitman constituting an axis about which the movable jaw and the pitman have a relative swinging motion, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to breakjoint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

4. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, a rolling fulcrum upon which said movable jaw rests, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric, a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw and journaled in the pitman at a point substantially on a level with the upper edge of the face of said jaw, and a swinging yoke connecting the upper end ot' the pitman with the forward end of said bed or body structure, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine isv running.

-5. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, a single bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a rolling fulcrum interposed between the bottom of the jaw and a portion of said bed or body structure, a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw and engaging the pitman at a point substantially on a level with the upper edge of the face of said jaw, clips extending through the pitman and binding the toggle arm and pitman together, a swinging yoke connecting the upper end of the pitman with the forward portion of said bed or body structure, and clips extending through the pitman and binding said yoke and pitman together, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

6. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, a single bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a roll interposed 'between the bottom of the jaw and a portion of said bed or body struc- .tur-e, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated by an eccentric device, a swinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of said pitman and the other end tied to the forward portion of said frame or body structure, and a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw and connected with the pitman at a point substantially on a level with the upper edge of the face of the jaw, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

7. A crushing machine comprising relatively moving cooperating crushing members, one of said members being in the nature of a lever, means including a toggle and pitman for producing the relative movement between the said members, a suitable support, and a rolling fulcrum interposed between the horizontal opposing flat surfaces on the said support and the bottom of said lever-like member, said fulcrum being adapted to roll upon and along both of said flat surfaces, whereby the said lever-like member has an axis or fulcrum point which shifts relatively to the lever-like member, and which shifts relatively to said support, and whereby said rolling fulcrum has an anti-frictional contact or engagement with the lower as well as the upper of said opposing surfaces, the toggle joint between the member and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

8. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, a single bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a rolling fulcrum interposed between the bottom of the jaw and a portion of said bed or body structure, a vertically reciprocating 'pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric, and a toggle arm rigid with said jaw and pivotally connected with said pitman at a point substantially on a level with the upper edge of the face of the said jaw, whereby the pitman and toggle arm cooperate to prevent the movable jaw from rising from its bearing, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

E). A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, a single supporting bearing for said movable jaw consisting of a cylindric rolling fulcrum interposed between the bottom of the jaw and said bed or body structure, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric, and a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw and pivotally connected with the upper portion ofl said pitman, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted lto break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the ma chine is running.

10. A crushing machine comprising a suitable bed or body structure, a stationary jaw, a movable jaw arranged opposite said stationary jaw, a single supporting bearing or fulcrum upon which said movable jaw rests, said jaw lever-like crushing member, and the toggle arm being pivotally connected with the pitman at a point between the upper and lower ends of the latter, and at a point sub stantially on a level with theupper edge of therface of said jaw, whereby the pitman and toggle arm coperate to maintain the jaw in place upon said fulcrum during the crushing operation, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

l1. In a crushing machine, the combination of a suit able body frame, a jaw rigid with said body frame, a movable jaw opposed to said stationary jaw and provided with a rigid rearwardly extending toggle arm, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, said pitman being provided between its upper and lower ends with a bearing adapted to engage the rear end ot' said toggle arm, means for tying the movable jaw and pitman together, said means having a pivotal connection with the toggle arm and extending through and engaging the back of the pitman above the eccentric device, and a swinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of said pitman and the other end tied to the body frame, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to brealcjoint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

l2. A crushing machine comprising a stationary jaw and a movable jaw, a toggle arm rigid with said movable jaw, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated by an eccentric device, said pitman having between its upper and lower ends a point of connection with the rear end of said toggle arm, means for tying the movable jaw and pitman together and for taking up wear between the pitman and the toggle arm, said means having a pivotal connection with the toggle arm and extending through and engaging the back of the pitman above the said eccentric device, a swinging yoke having one end tied to said pitman and the other end tied to the stationary jaw, and suitable devices for taking up wear at each end of said yoke, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

13. A crushing machine comprising a body-frame, a vertically disposed pitman, a stationary crushing jaw, a movable jaw supported for bodily movement toward and away from the stationary jaw and provided with a rigid arm pivotally engaging said pitman, an eccentric device for actuating the lower end of said pitman, a swinging yoke having one end tied to the body frame and the other end tied to the upper portion of said pitman, and means extending through the pitman above the eccentric device to bind the movable jaw and pitman together, whereby the movable jaw swings about its point of pivotal connection with the pitman and is moved bodily in both directions by the middle or intermediate portion of a pitman fulcrumed at its upper end, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrustcenter line while the machine is running.

14. A crushing machine comprising a body frame, a stationary crushing jaw, a movable crushing jaw supported for bodily movement toward and away from the stationary jaw and provided with a rigid toggle arm, a

Ypitman fulcrumed at its upper end and actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, and means extending through and engaging the back of said pitman above the eccentric device to keep the end of said arm in pivotal engagement with the face of the pitman, whereby the movable jaw swings relatively to said pitman and is actuated in all of the directions of its motion by the portion of the pitman having pivotal connection with the end of said arm, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

l5. A crushing machine comprising a body-frame, a stationary jaw, a movable crushing jaw provided with a rigid toggle arm, a pitman actuated at its lower end, means extending through and engaging the back of said pitman between its upper and lower` ends, and above the means for actuating the pitman, to keep the end of said arm in pivotal engagement with the face of the pitman, a swinging yoke having one end tied to the body frame, and U-bolts for tying the other end of the yoke to the upper end of the pitman, said bolts extending through the upper portion of the pitman, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running. l 1G. A crushing machine comprising a body frame, a stationary crushing jaw, a movable crushing jaw provided with a rigid toggle arm, a swinging yoke, a pitman fulcrumed at its upper portion upon said yoke and actuated at its lower end, and U-bolts for keeping the end of said arm in pivotal engagement with the pitman, said bolts extending horizontally through the pitman above the point at which the latter is actuated, and said yoke having its opposite ends tied respectively to the body trame and the upper end of the pitman, whereby the said movable crushing jaw is actuated in all of the directions of its motion by that portion of the pitman which is tied by said [l'A bolts to the end of said arm, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

17. A crushing machine comprising a' movable crushing jaw tied to and having a direct pivotal or toggle joint conneclion with, and actuated bodily in opposite directions by, a pitman fulcrumed above and actuated at a point below the fulcrurn point, the jaw thus actuated being adapted to swing relatively to the pitman during the operation of the machine, said pivotal connection or axis about which the jaw and pitman have a relative swinging motion being above the point at which the pitman is actuated, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

1S, A crushing machine comprising a movable jaw having a direct pivotal or toggle joint engagement with, and actuated in all of the directions of its motion by, a pitman fulcrumed at or near its upper end and actuated at its lower end, the jaw thus actuated being adapted to swing relatively to the pitman during the operation of the machine, said pivotal engagement or axis about which the jaw and pitman have a relative swinging motion being abovethe point at which the pitman is actuated, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to breakjoint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

1D. A crushing machine comprising a suitable body frame, a jaw rigid with said body frame, a movable jaw opposed to said stationary jaw and provided with a rigid rearwardly extending toggle arm, a vertically reciprocating pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, said pitman being provided between its upper and lower ends with a bearing adapted to engage the rear end of said toggle arm, means for tying the movable jaw and pitman together, said means having a pivotal connection with the movable crushing-jaw and extending through and engaging the back of the pitman above the eccentric dcvice, and a swinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of said pitman and the other end tied to the body frame, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

2OA A crushing machine comprising a movable-jaw provided with a rigid rearwardly extending toggle arm, a vertically reciprocating pitman, a suitably mounted swinging yoke having one end tied to the upper end of said pitman, an eccentric actuating the lower end ot' said pitman, the said pitman being thereby subject to the end-wisc compressivc` strain imposed upon it by the weight of said yoke, the upper portion of the pitman having a pivotal engagement or connection with the rear end of said toggle arm, and means for tying the movable jaw and pitman together, said means being removably secured to the portion of the pitman above the eccentric device, whereby the said movable jaw swings relatively to the pitman and is actuated in all of the directions of its motion by that portion of the pitman above the said eccentric device, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

2l. A crushing machine comprising a movable jaw provided with a rigid rearwardly extending toggle arm, the rear end of said arm being suitably rounded, a vertically reciprocating pitrnan tulcrumed at its upper end and actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, said pitinan being provided with a bearing or seat adapted to engage the rounded rear end portion of said toggle arm, and means secured to said pitman above the eccentric device to keep the end of said toggle arm in engagement with said bearing on the pitman, whereby the said jaw swings rela.- tively to the pitman and is actuated in all of the directions of its motion by that portion of the pitman above the said eccentric device, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

22. A crushing machine comprising a suitably supported movable jaw provided with a rigid toggle arm, a swinging yoke, a pitman having its upper end fulcrumed upon the swinging end portion of said yoke, an eccentric device actuating the lower end of said pitman, and means for tying the jaw and pitman together, theend of said arm being held in pivotal engagement or connection with the pitman at a point substantially on a level with the top of the crushing face of said jaw, whereby, in the main, the crushing action does not tend to lift the jaw, and whereby the said jaw swings relatively to the pitman and is actuated in all of the directions of its motion by that portion of the pitman above the said eccentric device, the toggle joinl between the jaw and pitman being adapted to breakjoint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

23. A crushing machine comprising a suitably supported movable jaw provided with a rigid toggle arm, a pitman actuated at its lower end by an eccentric device, and a swinging yoke upon which the upper end 0f the pitman is fulcrumcd, the end of said arm having a pivotal engagement or connection with the pitman at a point nearer the latter's upper end than its lower end, and at a point sub stantially on a level with the top of the crushing face of said jaw, whereby the said jaw is substantially free from any tendency to rise or swing upwardly about its'axis or point of pivotal connection with the pitman during the operation of the machine, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

24. In a crushing machine, the combination of crushing means including a pair of jaws, and operating means for producing relative movement between said jaws, said operating means including a pitman, an eccentric for actuating the lower end of said pitman, means including a swinging toggle arm for directly tying and connecting the upper portion of the pitman to one jaw, a swinging yoke for tying the upper portion of the-pitman to the other jaw, the said pitman being adapted to tilt relatively to both of said jaws, and that portion of the pitman above the said eccentric constituting a power-transmitting connection through which all power necessary for producing said relative movement, in all of its directions, is communicated from the eccentric to the crushing means, the toggle joint between the jaw and pitman being adapted to `break-joint both above and below the thrust center line while the machine is running.

25. In a Crusher, a body frame, a pitman, a movable jaw provided with an arm, a swinging yoke tied to the bodyframe, and common means for tying both the arm and yoke to the pitman.

2G. In a crnsher, a pitman, a movable jaw provided with an arm, a swinging yoke, and U-bolts extending transversely of the pitman and each serving to tie the pitman to the arm and yoke.

Signed by me at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, this 9th day of April, 1903.

MORTON G. BUNNELL.

Witnesses WM. A. Hiinonns, CHARLES W. HICKOK.

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