US86678A - Improved excavator - Google Patents

Description

Urra lSTATES JOEL LEE, OF GALESBURG, ILLINOIS.

IMPYROVED xoAvATo R.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 86,678, dated February 9, 1869.

'To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, JOEL LEE, of Galesburg, in the county ofKnox, andin the State of Illinois, haveinvented certain newand useful Iniprovements in Excavators; and I do herebyV declare thefollowing to 'ne a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

,The nature of my invention consists in the construction and general arrangement of an excavator; and in order to enable others skilled in the art to which lny invention appeitains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and oper-ation, referring to the annexed drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of a part of the machine.

A A represent the wheel; B B, the axletrees.

D is a box hung on the rear axle-tree, as much of it below the axle as possible and still leave rooln for the bottom boards to open downward. The box D is coupled to the forward axle-tree by the draft-bar S, which is extended forward of the axle-tree, and is provided wlth a series of holes for the purpose of regulating the depth of the scoop, as will be hereinafter described. Across the upper part of the box D and in front of the hind axle is placed a shaft, E, one end of which is provided with a pinion, P', which gears into and is driven by the spurwheel G, secured to one of the rear wheels.

A frame, q, is hung loosely on the shaft E, and tliefront end of said frame, in which the scoop J is secured, is suspended by the bail t and link g, which latter is pivoted by a bolt in the front end of the draft-bar S. The draftbar S having, as above mentioned, a series of holes, the position of the link g can be changed either backward or forward, thus regulating the depth at which the scoop J will work.`

On the sides of the box D, exactly in rear of V A movable drum, C, is placed on the shaft E, around which drum the endless apron s isV placed, said apron passing around a small roller in the front end of the frame q. below the scoop J. One end of the drum U is notched, and may be thrown in and out of gear with the pin a on the shaft E by means ofthe lever F, one end of which is fitted into a groove on the drum. By this means the apron s is made to move when the machine is in motion.

At asuitable point on the frame q two oscillating arms, n n, are pivoted, which arms extend forward, and their front ends rest on the upper vedges of the scoop J". Between the front ends of the arms nais placed the revolving sweep l, provided with arms m m, said sweep being revolved in the right directionby means of crossed belt r, passing around the same and around the drum C.

- The box D is provided with a series of boards,-

J J, forming its bottom. These boards are pivoted in the sides of the box, at or near their front edges, and so arranged that the rear edge of the front board laps over and rests on the front edge ot' the second board. The front edge of the second laps over and rests on the rear edge of the third, and so on until the last `or rear board, the rear edge of which is held The rods or axles on which the bottom boards,

J J, turn extend on one side the box ll), and are bent upward, each being then with a chain, o o fu', connected to a lever, t, at dierent distances from its fulcrunl. Thechainso'fv 17 should be so arranged that by moving the lever t forward (supposing the bottom of the box is open)the front board will be raised a little more than t-he second, the second alittle more than the third, and so on, thus allowing the front edge of each board to clear the rear edge of the next before this latter has been turned so much that it would be impossible. When the last board has been raised up the catch H passes under its rear edge, holding the same up. A spring may be placed so as to press the catch H into its position.

When the machine is in operation the drum C is pressed so as to gear with the pin a by means of the lever F. The scoop J scoops up the dirt and throws it onto the aprons, which carries it upward and allows it to fall into the box D. The revolving sweep l is hung far enough from the bottom of the scoop to permit thedirt to pass under itwithout hitting the sweep when the scoop scours and the dirt passes up freely; but in case of loose dirt or sand, and it is inclined to pile on the scoop, then the arms m m force the 'surplus onto the apron, and should they'hit a hard substance the oscillating arms'rJ n will let them rise until the obstruction is past. Theil the sweep descends with its own weight, but continu s to revolve all the time. rlhe arms n a and sweep lshould be made heavy enough to keep them down to theirwork. When the box D is full the scoop is raisedup in a manner that will hereinafter be described. The machine is then drawn to where the dirt is wanted and the dirt emptied by letting the bottom boards, J J, fall down, as above set forth.

l use -two different modes for raising the A scoop J up outof the ground, one for smaller apparatuses may, however, be attached to the same machine, if so desired.

To the front ends ofthe frame q, l attach a bail or bent rod, Y, which extends above the scoop J, and to the frontv part ofthe draftbar C are attached two levers, one an elbowlever, V, with its fulcrum at W, and the other a foot-lever, X, which two levers are connected as shown in Fig. 1. The rear end of the foot* lever X extends backward under the bail AY. so that by pressing on the iront part of said foot-lever, and at the same time pulling on the lever V, the foot-lever catches in the bail Y and raises up the front end'of the frame g with.

the scoop.- Under the drivers seat, which is just over the scoop, is pivoted an arm with a catch, D, on which the bail Y, when raised as above described, will hook, thus holding the disengaged and the scoop falls down to the ground.

For larger and heavier machines the device above described for raising the scoop would i not answer. On such machines l place a shaft,

H, in suitable bearings, one end under the driver-s seat and the other on top ot' the side of the box D. This latter end of the shaft H4 is provided with a pinion, N, which gears with raising it.

a bevelwheel, P, on the upper endota vertical shaft having suitable bearings between the.

is thus turned by the motion of the driving' wheels. At the front end of the shaft- H is placed a movable pulley, C, which has a beveled projectiouand notch, as shown in Fig. -1. This pulley C is connected by a chain or rope, A, to an arm, Z, on the bail Y, or may be attached to the bail itself. On the inner end of the shaft H is a pin7 so that by moving the pulley U inward by means of the lever B said pin catches inthe notch on the pulley, turning thesameand raisingthescoopoutoftheground. A pin, c', is placed under the drivers seat in such a position that when the pulley C has been turned sufficiently to raise the scoop up the beveled projection on the pulley strikes the said pin e', throwing the pulley out ot' gear again, when thecatch D catches the bail Y, holding the scoop up, as by the other mode of Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isy l. The arrangement ofthe frame q, hung loosely ou the shaft E, wings x, scoop J, bail t', and adjustable link g, all constructed to operate substantially es and for the purposes p herein set forth.

2. The combination of the oscillating arms u u, revolving sweep l, and its arms m m, with the scoop J, endless apron s, movable drum C, and belt'r, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The arrangement of theleverV, foot-lever X, and bail Y, for the purpose of raising' the scoop from the ground, substantially as herein set forth.

' 4. rlhe arrangement of the catch D, with its arm and weighted lever E, for the purpose of suspending the scoop when raised from the ground, substantially as shown and described.

5. The arrangement of the revolving shaft H', movable pulley C, pin e', and chain A, all constructed as described, and operating to raise the scoop from the ground, substantially as herein set forth. 4

JOEL LEE.

Witnesses:

S. C. SLATER, GEORGE LEE.

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