US853928A - Railway-grading machine. - Google Patents

Description

No- B53328. PATENTED MAY 14,1907.

0. 0. MANN. RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 1906.

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No. 858,928. PATENTBD MAY 14, 1907.

0. 0. MANN. RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED DEC. 29, 1906.

PATENTED MAY 14, 1907.

0. G. MANN. v

RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 19.06.

B $HE ETSSHEET 3.

0. 0. MANN.

RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 1906.

I PATENTED MAY 14, 1907.

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0. 0. MANN. RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED DBO. 29, 1906.

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No. 853,928. PATENTEDMAY 14,1907. O. G. MANN. RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED. DEC. 29, 1906.

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M M j 0. G. MANN.

RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

arrmon'xon FILED DEC. 29, 1906.

No. 853,928. PATENTED MAY 14, 1907.

, 4 0. O. MANN.

RAILWAY GRADING MACHINE.

r APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 1906.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ORVILLE C. MANN, OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

RAILWAY-GRADING MACHINE.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed December 29, 1906. Serial No. 349,982.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, ORVILLE (-T. MANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illi- Y rial at the sides of the track.

It consists in means for supporting and adjusting the Spreaders to cause them to level the surface whether they are adjusted athigh or low osition, and inthe means for operating the ateral Spreaders both in adjusting the height and in folding them up out of opera tive position and causing them to operate the forward Spreaders. It also consists in certain details of specific construction, as may be understood from the following specifications and claims.

In the drawings :.Figure 1 is a plan view of a railway grader embodying this invention showing the spreading device upon one side only. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same showing the spreaders folded back out of operative position. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the same with the Spreaders in full line in low operative osition, as in Figs. 1 and 2, and in dotted: ine in elevated operative position, and also in position folded backout ofope'ration.

' :Fig. 5 is a partly sectional view, section being made at theplane of the line 55 on Fig. 1; 6 isa section at the line 66 on Fig. 1,

but showing the lateral spreader in the position in which it appears in dotted line in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a transverse section similar to Fig. 5, but showing a modified construction Iii of the. means for raising, lowering and guid ingthe lateral spreader. Fig 3' i a -fl met elevatiori from the inside looking outward toward one of the lateral Spreaders, section beingmade longitudinally of the car at line 8 8 on Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a detail view, partly sectional, of the device for taking up slack on the operating cable, section being made longitudinally of the notched flangefor engagement with the detent dog, and axially through the guide-bearing of the take-up spindle. Fig. 10 is a section at the line 1()-10 .on Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a detail plan view of the take-up device for the lifting cable. Fig. 12 is a section at the line 1212 on Fig. 11.

The gradlng apparatus herein described comprises a flat carwhose frame or platform is represented at A, and on which there are mounted motors and ower connections for operating the wings ereinafter described, which have the function of spreading and leveling the excavated material alongside 6 5 the track. For the purpose of supporting the drums and pulleys over which the cables pass for operatin the wings and affording convenient space or the motors and connections, there is provided on the car platform a frame structure consistin -of upright posts or standards, 1 and 2, whic are located at a distance from the opposite ends of said platform, and are braced by slant posts, 3, both longitudinally andtransversely of the car;

and intermediate these braced posts at a position somewhat nearer the forward one of them there is mounted on the car platform a pyramidal standard or tower comprising four slant posts, 35, 35, 35, .35, which are connected at their upper ends and surmountedby a pulley-bearing frame, 4. The slant barsof these several frame structures are connected by horizontal frame bars, 7, binding them all together ina rigid structure for sup- 8 porting the various shafts and other parts of the mechanism for operatin the wings, as hereinafter described. Inthe pulley-bearing frame, 4, there are journaledsheave pul- .leys, 5, 5, about which cables, 6, 6, extend 0 for connection with the lateral spreading and leveling wings hereinafter described, said cables being designed for folding up said wings out of operative position. On the posts, 1 and 2, bearings are mounted for a horizontal shaft, 8, extending longitudinally of the car, having on it sheave pulleys, 9, 9, for cables, 10,10, which are wound about said sheave pulleys, as more particularly hereinafter described, for adjusting up and 100.

down the -lateral spreading. and "leveling wings. r

In the drawings there are shownonly the wings upon one side of the car, those upon the opposite side being identical in coi1struc- 10 tion and mode of operation. At the forward end of the car wings for spreading and level ing the excavated material are suspended so as to extend across the rails respectively, one only of said win s being shown upon one side of u;

T 's WlIl 15, isadjustable verti-- the car. I cally on the suspen ing arms, 16, which take through slide boxes, 17, 17, on the inner or back side of the wing, the arms, .16, having pin holes at intervals in their length through which pins, 16 may be inserted above and below the slide boxes to secure the wings at any height to which they may be adjusted from the lowest position at which the lower edge of the wing rests upon and extends across the top of the rail, to any higher position desired. A flanged wheel, 15 on the wing, 15, may be arranged to travel on the rail; The arms, '16, extend 'from a shaft, 18, mounted on the forward end of the platform, and the entire spreading wing, 15, may be folded back about said shaft out of operative position, leaning then back inward against the inclined brace, 3, of the forward post, 1, and against the similarly inclined brace of the tripod frame consisting of the three mutually bracing posts, 2*, 2 2, mounted at the forward end of the platform. The purpose of these spreadin wings, 15, is to sweep the earth from off t e top of the rail and thence outward, clearing a strip parallel with the rail extending a short distance outside the same, preparatory to the action of the main lateral spreader, 20, which extends divergently rearward from a 'point at which it laps inside of the rear end of the spreader wing, 15, to about the middle of the length of the car, or as far as it may be considered practical or necessary to extend it in order to give it the desired breadth of sweep. In the form shown in all the figures except Fig. 7 the lateral wings, 20, (one only being shown) are carried by a rigid frame structure consisting of arms, 21, 21, 21, braced by brace bars, 22, 22 and 23, so as to carry said spreader, 20, rigidly at the ends of said arms. These arms, 21, at their inner ends are guided for substantially vertical movement, In the same vertical planes with the arms, 21, and rigid therewith respectively, are struts, 24, which diverge downwardly from the arms for bearing against suitable 'uides which are rovided for them on the side of the car, the spread of the arms, 21, and struts, 24, constitutin a broad base extending vertically for hol ing the wing in fixed positionoffset from the side of the car when the inner ends of the arms and struts are stopped and held by any means fixedly with respect to the side of the ear.

The preferred form of megisioPh-olding and guiding the arms;2'1T1s illustrated in all the figures except Fig. 7, consisting in ivotally connecting said arms at their said inner ends with links, 26, which extend from their connection with said arms, 21, back above the ear and are fulcrumed on the latter. By swinging the links, 26, about their fulcrums on the car it will be seen that the pivotal connection of the links to the inner ends of the arms, 21, may be carried, in an through a considerable vertical distance. The drawings show the parts proportioned for thus swinging the links to carry their out er ends vertically a distance of about three feet. It will be seen that if the inner ends of the struts, 24, are made to follow arcs struck with a radius equal to the length of the links, 26, about centers distant from the fulcrums of said links as far as the feet of the struts are distant from the inner ends of the arms, 21; the resulting movement of the wing will be the same as if it were carried by parallel links. it is not practicable to provide such parallel links, but instead 1 provide pockets or guide-ways for the inner ends or feet of the struts which are curved in the path which the lower members of such parallel links would take if they were so provided,-that is, in ares struck with a radius equal to the length of the links, 26. about centers spaced below the fulcrums of the links a distance equal to the spread of the arms, 21, and struts, 24,-that is, a distance between the connection of the pivotal arm. 21, to its link, 26, and the foot of the strut. By this means the wing is caused to preserve its'outcr face vertical throughout its whole range of adjustment effected by swing- .ing the links, 26. The links, 26, which carry the several arms, 21, being of the same length, the wing is lifted an equal distance at all points of its length, and being mounted so that its lower edge is horizontalat one position, it is kept horizontal at all positions throughout the range of its adjustment, notwithstanding it has the necessary divergence rearward to spread the material and is operated pivotally for raising and lowering a construction which, it will be noticed, would cause the lower edge to become inclined from horizontal position, and to change its inclination steadily throughout the swinging movement, if such movement were effected merely by swinging about asingle pivot.

The lateral spreading and leveling wings are designed to be folded back above the car so as to stand substantially within the vertical side lines of the car when out of use; and it is for this purpose primarily that these wings are pivoted to their support, which, in the construction above dr-rscribcd, consists of the links, 26. For folding the wings thus back out of use above the ear, the

*eablc, ove mentioned extend from the sheave pulleys, o, b select the" spreading wings, being connected thereto about one-third of the way back from the forward end (if the wing and at the upper edge thereof at a staple, 30. In order to obtain a desirable direction of pull for lifting the wing by means of the cable without mounting the sheaves, 5, at an impracticable height above the car, each pulley 18 provided with an outrigger, 31, fulcrumed on the arc whose chord is substantially vertical,

frame structure at any convenient point,

ICC

and of such length that the cable, 6, passing over itmay extendalmost vertically down to the staple, 30. When the wing is folded back out of use it rests against the post, 2, at the forward point, and at the rear point. against-a post, 11, which is ste ped onthe angle of'the angle-iron horizont-a bar, 7, and braced from the opposite post, 11. For starting the wings outward whenthey are to be swung to working position there'are mounted on the forward side of the postbeing directly supported on the slant post, 3,-cylinders, 12, 12, whose'pistons have thrust rods, 13, which push against the wings respectively when the cylinders are connected with the motive fluid (compressed air) for operating the pistons. -At this position the links are nearly vertical,

and the outrigger is kept in connection with the cable by any convenient loop-gr eye provided for that purpose at the end of the outrigger. For lifting and letting downthe wings,cylinders, 60, are supplied with compressed air or other fluid for operating their pistons, whose rods, 61, have each a pulley, 62, engaging a loop of the cable, 6, between its end which is secured to a fixed sta ple, 63, and the guide pulley, 64, from which the cable runs up to the sheave pulley, 9. The amount of cable drawn with this construction, it will be seen, is double the length of the piston stroke. i

For raising and lowering the lateral wings toadjust them to the level at which it is desired to have them spread the excavated material, they are connected by the cables, 10, above mentioned, with the sheave pulleys, 9,

- two such sheave pulleys beingmounted on the shaft, 8, and two cables being provided extending from two of the links, 26, to said sheave pulleys respectively. The cables from the two wings run in opposite directions about the sheave pulleys, being secured thereto. When .both wings are at the lowest position the cables from both are without slack and extend about the sheaves from the points at which they become tangent therewith at the upper side at opposite-sides of a vertical axial plane, thence-around in opposite direciionsto the lower side, each being wrapped a total distance of about 225 degrees on the sheave. It will be seen that the two cables-may thus be made continuous, such continuous cable being stapled to the sheave pulley at the lower side, as above stated. With this construction it will be seen that the rotation of 'the shaft, 8, in one directionwill lift one of the wings, and its rotation in the opposite direction will lift the other wing.

For thus rotating the shaft, 8, I provide two cylinders, 4i), 40, mounted longitudinally on the car, each of the pistons, 41, which operate therein having mounted upon it a pulley, 42. For each wing a cable, 45, is attached at one end to an eye, 43, fixed on the car platform or I framework, and extends thence around the pulley, 42, at that side; thence around a takeup ulley, 44, mounted as hereinafter de- 'scri 'ed; thence up about a guide pulley, 53,

. to a sheave, 46, on the shaft, 8, being secured to the sheave about which it is wrapped in di rection for rotating the shaft by unwinding in direction to wind up the cable, 10, on the same side.

The cylinders, 40, are designed to ."be con 7 5 nected with any'suitable source of fluid for operating them, as compressed air, the conneetion and source of supply not being shown. When the wings are-at their lowest position and the pistons are at their extreme outward position in their respective cylinders,that is, at a position having their full capacity for working stroke,-either cylinder being connected with the motive fluid, its piston' be driven inward and the Wing connected with it will be lifted by swinging links about their fulcrums and in the slotsof their guide posts, '27, the struts meanwhile following the curved pockets against which they hear at. the lower .ends. When either wing, being 0 thus operated, is elevated to desired height, it will be secured by pins, 28, 28, set through the guide post, 27, above and below the links, 26. Having lifted one wing in this manner, if it is desired to lift the op osite wing the other'cylinder may be simi arly connected with' the motive fluid and a similar operation performed upon it. In such action of either 7 cylinder it is desirable to avoid acting on the pistonofthe other cylinder, because it is desirable to be able to operate either wing either up or down at any time, regardless of the position of the other wing and without releasing or discharging the motive fluid from the other cylinder, if said other piston is at that time at the end of a working stroke, the cylinder being filled with compressed air. There must therefore, be a provision for slack'in each of the cables, 45, so that when either cable is '-\V0lll1(l on the sheave for operating its wing, the other cable may yield this slack. But the necessity for taking u by subsequent travel of the piston, the sl ack thus yielded should also be avoided, sincethis would en- -tail large waste of the operating fluid, as well asexcessive length, of cylinder. Such doubling of the requirement of compressed air or other fluid beyond the amount actually necessary for the workof lifting the wings is e1fected by providing the take-up pulleys, 44, each 1 20 mounted in a carriage, 49,- sliding in a slotted 'guide plate, 51, mounted on the car body, a spring, 52, being provided reacting on such carriage and putunder tension by drawing out the pulley, 44, toward the pulley, 42, the

spring reacting, therefore, with a tendency to.

retract thecarriage, 49, and pulley,'44.

' Thelength of the cables, 45, is such that when. the wings are both at their lowest pos'i l tion and the pistons in-both cylinders are at i go 6 the extreme outward position,with capacity for full working stroke inward,the pulleys, 44, are drawn out toward the pulley, 42, such distance that upon either of said pulleys being retracted by its spring, it would cause the sheave, 9, to rotate enough to draw the length of the corresponding cable, 10, which would be drawn in lifting the corresponding wing from lowest to highest position. By providing for each cable, 45, a guide pulley, 53, which it passes to reach the pulley, 44, when the latter is at its extreme position toward the cylinder, the movement of the pulley, 44, for taking up this length of cable, it will beseen, is made only one-half said length. With this construction the weight of each wing holds the spring, 52, pertaining to the take-up pulley for such wing, tensioned to the maximum,and the pulley, 44, drawn out toward the cylinder to the maximum extent; and when either piston is operated for lifting the wing which it controls, the cable, 45, at the opposite side is yielded by the yielding of its take-up pulley, 44, toward'the pulley, 42, at that side, provided the pulley, 44, connected with the operating piston is prevented from yielding. The stem of the carriage, 49, carries a ratchet dog, 50, which engages a notched flange or ratchet, 54, on the plate, 51, to prevent the carriage from yielding, such dog being disengaged at the side at which the pulley should yield, as above indicated, and left in engagement at the other side. If it is desired to lift the other wing while the first lifted wing remains elevated, said first lifted wing being supported by the pins, 28, in the guide post, 27, the dog, 50, is disengaged from the ratchet flange, leaving the pulley carriage, 54, free to be drawn out against the resistance of its spring. The operating fluid being connected with the cylinder at said other side, the action above described is duplicated at that side, the slack required from the cable, 45, at the side at which the wing is already lifted being yielded by the pulley, 44, advancing to the pulley, 42.

It will be noticed that in the absence of any provision to the contrary, the rotation of the sheave pulley, 9, in the direction caused by the movement for lifting the first operated wing would slack the cable, 1'0, extending to the other wing by an amount equalto the length of the cable, 10, upon the other side taken up by the sheave, and that it will therefore be necessary, when the other wing comes to be lifted, to rotate the sheave first a sufficient amount to take up this slack before :the wing would be lifted at all. And this double amount of rotation of the sheave would in like manner throw slack into the other cable, and double amount of rotation, therefore, would be necessary in each direction, imposing like double movement upon the means for drawing the cable, 45, to rotate the shaft, 8. To avoid this result, the cable, 10, at each side passes intermediate the pulley, 9, and the attachment of the cable to the link by which the wing is lifted. over a guide ulley, 27, mounted on the link, and thence a out a guide pulley, 28", mounted on a spring-retracted carriage, 30, which is mounted on the link, the spring, 31, for retracting it being put under tension by the weight of the wing so that the cable extends in a straight line past the guide pulley, 27, and the take-up pulley, 28, when the wing is lowered. When either wing is lifted, slacking or tending to slack the opposite cable, 10, such slack is at once taken up by the take-up pulley, 28, the spring, 31, retracting said pulley and its carriage for that purpose. The carriage may have a guide stem, 29, at one side of the link pivot and a ratchet stem, 32, at the other side, both guided in suitably apertured lugs projecting from the link pivot bearing. The ratchet stem being engaged by a detent dog, 33, to retain the slack taken up by the reaction of the spring, this dog will be released by the operator when the opposite wing is to be lowered.

In operating the wings it will be found that upon attempting to release the take-up detent dogs for the cables, 45, and for the cables, 10, those dogs will be found under stress of the tension of the cables due to the weight of the. lifted wing. And it will be observed that if it were possible to force the dogs out of engagement with their ratchcts, the reaction of the strained cable thus suddenly from its condition of tension would shoot the takeup pulley carriage out to the limit of its travel and perhaps dislodge or kink the cable. To avoid both the difficulty of disengaging the dog and the inconvenienee ol' the sudden reaction of the cable, each of the dogs are provided with pivots or journal bearings which are ecccntrically mounted on their supports, the eccentric device being provided with a handle or lever arm for rocking it to yield the pivot of the dog in the direction of the stress before the dog is disengaged from the ratchet, the carriage being thereby yielded also in the same direction and the eccentricitybeing sufficient to cause such yielding to relax the tension ofthe cable upon the dog before it is disengaged from the ratchet. The eccentric and dog may have co-operating abutments which become engaged after the eccentric has been given the necessary throw to relax the cable, the some movement. being then continued after the "abutmcnts are encountered to lift. the dog.

In Figs. 9 and 10 the structure of the character above described for the cable, 45, is shown, an eccentric, 55, being mounted in the carriage, 49,-the dog, 50, being journaled on the eccentric engaging the notched flange or ratchet, 54, as described. The eccentric,

operating face, and means for 55, has a lever arm, 56, for rocking it, and the shoulder, 50*, on the dog being 1n position to be engaged by a shoulder, 56, on the eccentric when the latter has been rocked nearly 180 degrees to relax the cable.

In Figs. 11 and 12 there are shown the corresponding devices for relaxing the cable, 10, consisting of the eccentric, 60, mounted on the link, 26, and having a handle, 61, for rocking it, the dog, 33, being journaled on the eccentric and engaging the ratchet stem, 32, of the carriage, 30; these shoulders, 33*,

on the dog and on the eccentric being engaged for nearly 180 degrees throw of the eccentric.

It will be observed from examination of Figs. 1 and 3 that the forward small wing, 15, is pivoted at a different line from the rear wing, the pivot of the rear wing being variable with the varying adjustment for height while that of the forward wing is fixed, the

two pivots not being parallel at any position of the pivot of the rear wing, andalso that the two wings diverge at different angles from the fore-and-aft line of the car. In order that the'forward wing may beswung up by the swinging of the rear wing about its pivot, the rear end of the forward wing laps outside of the forward end of the rear wing, and an anti-friction roller, 15", preferably conical, as illustrated, is interposed between the lapped ends ofthe two wings, being preferably mounted upon the forward wing. With this provision, the swinging of the rear wing readily s wings up the for ward wing also.

I claim 1. In a railway grader and spreader, in

combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing pivotally supported for swinging upward and inward to withdraw it from working position, the supports to which the wing is pivoted 1;,eing mounted for equal vertical movement of the wing at both ends of its raising and lowering such supports.

2. In a railway grader and spreader, in

combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing which is pivotally supported for swinging upward and inward to withdraw it from working position; supports to which it is pivoted mountedfor equal vertical movement of the wing at both ends of its working face; means for raising and lowering such supports, and means for securing them in adjusted position.

3. in a railway grader and spreader, in

combination with a car, a spreading and lev= eling wing and supports for the same foldable for withdrawing the wing from working posi tion to a position above the car, such sup- )orts having their inner element mounted for equal vertical movement of the wing at both ends of its driving face, and means for raising and lowering said folding sup-ports bodily with respect to the car.

to the link fulcrum line with a radius equal to a link length, the wing having struts terminating at a lower line parallel with the upper link pivot line and resting on said curved guide tracks, and means for swinging the links about their fulerums to raise and lower the wing.

5. In a railway grade-r and spreader, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing having its operating face diverging rearwardly from the car; links fulcrumed on the car and pivotally connected with the wing at an upper line; means for raising and lowering the links, and struts extended from the wing having their feet t-erminatingat a lower line; guideways on theside of the car in which said struts are footed; guide posts adjacent to the path in which the links swing,

I and releasable means for stopping thelinks 011 the posts.

. 6. In a railway grader and spreader, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing having its operating face diverging rearwardly from the car; links fulcrumcd on the car and pivotally connected with the wing at an upper line means for raising and lowering the links, and struts extended from the wing having their feet terminating at a lower line; guideways on the side of the car in which said struts are footed; uide posts adjacent to the path in which the links swing, said posts having pin-holes at. intervalsand removable pins in said holcslfor se curing the links at adjusted position.

7. A railway grader and spreader comprising, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing pivotally supported on the car and having its operating face diverging rearwardly from the car at working position; means for raising and lowering such wing, and means for controlling its movement to equalize the vertical components of such movement at two points of the length of its said diverging operating face.

8. A railway grader and spreader comprising, in combination-with a car, a spreading and leveling wing; means for raising and lowering such wing comprising a cable connected with the wing; a sheave or drum on which the cable is wound a second sheaveor drum on the same shaft; cables secured thereto and wound thereby, and a motor connected to the cable for drawing thereon.

9. A railway grader and spreader comprising, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing on each side of the car; a sheave or drum and a shaft on which it is lixed; cables extending around the sheave. and secured IllGIGtO for rotating it in opposite directions; motors connected iLlI the ca bles respectively for drawing them from the sheave to rotate the shaft; means connected with the respective wings for lifting them respectively by rotation of the shaft in opposite directions, the cables having each slack equal to the dralt of the motor thereon for lifting the wings, and take-up devices for controlling such slack.

H). A railway grader and spreader comprising, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing on each side ol the car: a sheave or drum and a shaft on which it is tixed; cables extending around the sheave and secured thereto lor rotating it. in opposite directions by unwinding therefrom; Inotors connccled with the cables respc *tively lor drawing them from the sheave to rotate the shalt: meansconnccied withthc wings for lifting them respectively by the rotation of the shaft in opposite directions, the cables each having slack equal to the drattol the motor thereon in lilting the wings: take-up devices for controlling such slack, and means For locking the take-up devices to retain the slack draw n.

l]. A railway grader and spreader comprising, in comhina ion with a car, a spreading and leveling v. ing on each side of the car: a sheave or drum and a shalt on which it is lix'ed'. cables extending around lhe sheave and secured there.o lUl'l'tlttl ing it in opposic directions by unainding therefrom: motors ('(1]Ill (l to Lllt cables respectively l'or dra ing them l'rom the sheave to rotate the shalt; means comiccted with the wings l or lilting them respectively by roiation ol' the shal'. in opposi'e dirt Lltlllh, each cable having slack equal to the dral ol' tllt' motor thereon in lil'. ing the v. ings: a take-up pulley l'or cach cable and a carriage on which it is m unted l'or rozazion, such carriage being mounmd for movement in direction to detlec; a loop or lold ol the slack 'ol the cable: a spring operating on the carriage l'or draw ing such slack: a ratchta and dog engaging the same lot relaining the 'arriage in the position to w hich it is drawn by the spring, the pivot bearing of thc dog being mounted for movc men; to I'(il'2t(t the dog independently of its disengagement l'rom the ratchet, and means for so moving said hearing at w ill.

12. In a railway grader and spreader, in mmbina'ion w i= l1 a car, a spreading and leveling ing on each side of the car; cables to" lilting the wings; means for taking up slack in the cables comprising a pulley and a carriage lor the same mounted for movement to draw the slack; a ratchet and dog device for retaining the slack, the bearing ol the dog being mounted ecccntrically, and means for rocking it to retract the dog without disengaging it from the ratchet.

13. A railway grader and spreader comprising, in combination \\lt.l1 a car, a spread' ing and leveling ing on each side of the car; a shaft and means for rotating it in opposite directions; a sheave or drum on the Sllttfb and cables from the wings respectively extending in opposite directions around the sheave and secured thereto.

14. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing on each side ol the car; means for raising and lowering the wings comprising a sheave or dr m mot-nted on the car: cables from the wings respectively extending in opposite directions arot nd the sheave or drum and sec ircd thereto; means lor rotating the dr"nt at will in either d rection, each cable being provided with slack eq al to the amount necessarily drawn for lifting the wing: means for taking "p s ch slack a tomatically when it is yielded, and means lot relcasahly locking the take-' p device to retain the slack drawn.

15. A railway grader and spreader comprising, in combination with a car a spreading and leveling wing on each side of the car: means for raising and lowering the wings comprising a. sheave or dram on the car: cables from the wings respectively extending arornd the sheave or drum and sec' red thereto,the ca les heing provided with slack cqt'al to the amount necessarily drawn in lilting the wing; a device 'l'or taking 11p the slack comprising a p lley engaging the ca le and a carriage for the same mo. nted lot movement to draw the slack ol' the ca le; a. spring operating on the carriage i or s ch slack-drawing movement 1 a ratchet and a dog engaging the same ior retaining the carriage in the position to which it is drawn ly the spring, the pivot licaring of the dog reing mounted for movement to retract the dog withot t disengaging it from the ratchet, and means for so moving said hearing at will.

Hi. In a railway grader and spreader, in coml1imttion with a air, a spreading and leveling wing at each side of the car; means for raising and lowering the wings comprising a sheave or drun: 111o' nted on the car; cahles connected with the wings respectively extending in opposite directions arot'nd the drum and sec red thereto: means l'or rota-ting the drrnt at wi l in either direction consisting ol another sheave or drum rigid with the lirst :ca es extending therealiont and secred thcrcto for rotating it in opposite directions l?- nwinding tl'tcrcl'rozn; motors connected with the ca les rcspectiveiy for drawing them from the sheave to so rotate it, thc cables connected with the wingshaving slack cq'al to the amo nt drawn lor lilting the wing, the ca r cs connected with the motor having slack cq' al to the draft of the motor thereon for lifting the wing; separate take-up devices for controlling the slack in the several cables, and means for releasably locking such take-up devices to retain the slack drawn.

l7.- In a railway grader and spreader, in con'ibination with a car, a wing at each side thereof; means for raising and lowering the wings comprising a sheave or drum mointed on the car; a link pivotally supported at one end on the car and pivotally connected at the other end to the wing for swinging up and down to raise. and lower the wings; cables connected to the links respectively and extending in opposite directions around the drum and secured thereto; means for rotating the sheave or drum at will in either direction, each cable having slack equal to the amount necessarilydrawn in lifting the wing; means for taking up such slack consisting of a pulley engaging the cable; a carriage for the pulley mounted for reciprocating on the link; a cable guide on the link between which and the attachment of the cable to the link the take-up pulley engages the cable; a spring for reciprocating the carriage to draw the slack of the cable, and a releasable locking device to retain the carriage at the position onthe link to which it is thus drawn.

.18. In a railway grader and spreader, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing on each side of the car; means for raising and lowering the wings comprising a sheave or drum mounted on the car; cables connected with the wings respectively and extending in opposite directions around such drum or sheave and secured thereto; means for rotating the drum at'will in either direction, the cable of each having slack equal to the amount necessarily drawn for lifting the wing; take-up devices for controlling such slack and means for releasably locking such devices to retain the slack; swinging links by which the wings are connected with the car, the cables being connected to the Wings by attachment to the links, and the take-up devices being mounted on the links.

19. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, leveling and spreading wings mounted at the sides thereof having their spreading faces diverging rearwardly; supports to which the wings are pivoted at an elevated point; struts or braces extending from the lower part of the wings; footings mounted at the sides of the car for the struts or braces, and means for swinging the wings about their elevated pivotal supports to fold them back above the car.

20. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, leveling and spreading wings pivotally mounted at the sides thereof for swinging upward andinward out of operative position, such wings being adapted to swing inward far enough tobe overbalanced inward; supports on the car against which they lean when thus overbalanced; means for raising the wings and controlling their descent, and means for starting them outward from the supports against which they lean consisting of power cylinders having their pistons operating transversely with respect to the car in position for thrusting their stems outwardly against the Wings.

2]. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing having its vertical' iaee diverging rearwardiy from the car; supports to which such wing is pivoted at an elevated point; struts or braces extending from the wing toward the car below the pivots; guide-ways on the side of the car in which such struts or braces are footed; a cable connected with the wing ;v an elevated sheave or drum on the car about which the cable is wound, and a pivoted outrigger for the cable extending outward from the pivotal support of the wing.

22. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, means for spreading and leveling the spoil consisting of a forward and a rear wing, both extending ofl' divergent-ly from the side of the'car; means for pivotally supporting both wings on the car at different pivotal lines; means for folding the rear wing upward and inward about its pivotal supports, the forward wing having its rear end lapped outside the rear wing; a roller on one of said wings bearing upon the surface of the other wing for communicating folding movement of the rear wing to the forward wing.

23. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, means for spreading and leveling the spoil consisting of a forward and a rear wing, both extending off from the side of the car and both diverging rearwardly from the car, the rear wing having greater angle of divergence than the forward wing; means for pivotally supporting both wings on the car; means for folding the rear wing upward and inward about its pivotal supports, the forward wing having its rear end lapped outside the rear wing; a roller on one of. said wings and ashoe on the other with which the roller engages for communicating the folding movement of the rear wing to the forward wing.

24. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, means for spreading and leveling the spoil consisting of a forward and 'a rear wing, both extending ofi' from the side of the car and both diverging rearwardly from the car, the rear wing having reater angle of divergence than the forwar wing; means for pivotally su porting both wings onthe car; means for olding the rear wing upward and inward about its pivotal supports, the rear end of the forward wing being lapped outside the forward end of the rear wing; a roller mounted on the inner side of the forward win and a shoe or cam on the outer side of the forward end of the rear wing cooperating with the roller for folding up the forward wing by the folding up of the rear wing.

25. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, a spreading and leveling wing extended off from the side of the car diverging therefrom rearwardly; means operating by connection with the wing at an elevated line thereon for raising and lowering it; struts or braces extended from a' lower point on the wing inward and rearward to the car, and guideway pockets in which the inner rear ends of said struts are stepped, such pockets being positioned and formed to resist both rearward and inward thrusts of the struts.

26. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, a wing extending ofi sideward therefrom and diverging rearwardly from the car; means connected with elevated points on the wing for supporting the same and for guiding it in vertical n1oveinent struts or braces extending from lower points on the wing inward and rearward to the car; pockets on the side of the car in which said struts are footed, positioned and formed for resisting both rearward and in ward thrust of the struts and extended vertically to seat and guide the struts in the vertical movement of the wing.

27. A railway grader comprising in combination with a car, a wing extended off side- Ward therefrom; links connecting the wing at elevated points on the latter with the car,; means for swinging the links about their fulcrums on the car to raise and lower the wiiig; struts or braces extended from lower points on the wing inward for bracing against the car, and tracks or guideways on the side of the car against which such struts or braces are folded extending vertically curved convexly outward about centers spaced downward from the pivots of the links a distance equal to the distance between the connection of the links to the wings and the lower ends of the struts respectively, with a radius equal to the length of the links from pivot to pivot.

28. A railway grader comprising, in combination with a car, a wing extended otl' sidewardtherefrom and diverging rcarwardly; links connecting the wing at elevated points on the latter with the car, and means for swinging the links about their fulcrunis on the car to raise and lower the wing; struts or braces extended from lower points on the wing inward and rearward to the car; pockets on the car in which the rear inner ends of the struts are footed, positioned and formed for resisting both the inward and the rearward thrust of the struts, such pockets being extended vertically in curves about centers spaced from the pivots of the links a distance equal to the distance from the pivotal connection of the links to the wings and with a radius equal to the length between centers of links.

I In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two witnesses, at Chicago, Illinois, this 27th day of December, 1906.

ORVILLE G. MANN.

In the presence of- CHAs. S. BURTON, J. S. ABBOTT.

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