US846046A - Baking-oven. - Google Patents

Description

No. 846,046. PATENTED MAR. 5, 1907:. J. D. NASMITH.

BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED 920.17, 190s.

rnvrrnnl ,STATES PATENT minion,

, JOHN DRYSDALE NAsMiTH, oFfTonoNro, ONTARIO, CANADA.

BklN-OVEN..

To al? wltoltv/Titrty/ concern/: I .l A Be 1t' known that 5I, JOHN DRYsDALE NA- SMITH, of the, c1ty of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario, Canada,

, baker, have invented certain new and useful forni,l which' will possess a maximum bakingsurface, occupying but little floor-space, in which the products may be handled expeditiously, in which the amount of heat and moisture in the oven may be regulated to ay nicety, in which the. radiation from the machine or oven willbe reduced to a minimum, and practically all waste heat carried off; and it consists, essentially, ofl an'oven comprising a casing substantially cylindricall in orni and having heat-non-conducting Walls, suitable standards for supporting the same, an interior drum, a reel secured on'the shaft, which extends 'Y through the center of the drum and eccentrically to the casing, a series of baking-plates pivotally connected to the reel, a hood,

feed and dischar e door and shelf, a receiving-table, an

en lessconveyer, and driving .means, all arrangedand constructed in detailv as jhereinafter more particularly explained.

Figure `1 is a perspective view/of my iin-'- proved baking-oven, portion of the, hood and eat-,non-'conducting material being broken away to exhibit lthe, construction of the cyf section.

lindrical portion. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal Fig. 2'is a cross-section. p Fig. 4-is a detail view.

In the drawings Alike letters of referenceindicate corresponding parts in eachiigure.

A is the cylindrical casing, which is supported on thev standards or pedestals B at each side -by means of the brackets C C, which extend through the eide walls a, a of the casing and are secured thereto by the inner plates c c, whichare secured to the brackets by the'bolts c c or by any other suitable means. l e. Dj is a shaft which extends eccentrically 'throught-he casingfor a reason which will hereinafterfappear," such shaft being jour- Specificisttion` of Ileetters Patent. l Appueetien filed Deeemter 1'7, 190s. seein N'e. 185.582.

moisture-supplying means, a'

dleGQ nal-brackets g', secured to theepedestal or the end of the shaft G. y

Patented March 5,1so7.

naled in suitable roller bearings D' D, located on the brackets C.

dare packing-rings surrounding the shaft D at the inside of the roller-bearings D.

The casingA isl made with a heat-non-con- 6o the heat-non-conducting material is fitted and held. It will thus be seen that the baking-chamber will eifectually retain the heat, thereby increasing its control, saving fuel, and avoiding discomfort in the workshop, as Well as lessening risks from fire by overheating adjacent structures.

E is a hood of substantially the form of the upper portion of the cylinder and having a flue E centrally disposed, to which is connected an extension-flue to carry off the heat and steam. The hood is slightly larger than the cylinder jand flares at the bottom. The hood is provided with .the sides e of a forni concentric to the shaft, and whereby such hood is secured to the ends of the cylinder.

Fis a drum secured/tothe shaft D and closed at both ends, and f are radial arms secured to the drum and connected together at the outer end by the links f. fz are baking'plates or trays, which are pivoted on the rods f 3 on the ends of the arms,

, such pins extending through the ends f t" of the trays, formed as shown suitable form.

f5 arerollers secured to one end of the plates or trays so as to engage with the arm M, hereinafter described.

G is a worm-wheel secured on'the shaft D and meshing with the worm g on the spinwhich is supported on suitablev jouror in any other standard B.

H and H are tight and loose pulleyson 'h is a bevel--pilnon'located on the oppositeend of the shaft to that on which the pulleys H and H are situated and meshing with a bevelinion h2 on the end -of the vertical spindle' 3, which is journaled in suitable bearings h4, attachedsto or formingl part of ICO IlO

' which is provided with any suitable means to prevent its overflowing, such as a ball-tap, (not shown,) and l is a trapped pipe leading therefrom to a tray i/,located centrally in the baking-chamber, as indicated in Fig. o.

-The tray t being at a proper level is supplied with water, which on account of the heat of the oven evaporates into the baking-chamber. The tray i is such a size as to supply just the proper amount of moisture for the baking. The heat is supplied by means of gasburners J, located near the bottom of the bakingchamber, as indicated in Fig. 3. Instead of gas-burners any other suitable means for introducing heat into the oven may be utilized; but I preferably utilize gas as the simplest and most convenient.

K is the feed and dist-,barge orifice, which is provided with a closing door or flap K', having handles 7c and supporting-arms 7cL and k3.' The arms k2 and 7c3 at each end of the cylinder are pivotally connected 'to they door and to the'casing, the pivot-points on the casing being eccentric to the cylinderl or shaft, The arms 7f3 are provided with counterbalarming-weights r* at their short en e s. The pivot-point of the arm kt is farther away .from the center' than the pivot-point of the arm k, and consequently when the door k is thrown open it passes upwardly from the opening k easily, and, vice versa,

when it is thrown down it closes easily onto` the opening. The door being balanced will when raised-remain open, l

L is a shelf, which is supported on inclined ways Z at each end and provided with bottom racks l and engaged by-the pinion 12 on a cross-rod Z, which is turned by a hand-wheel or handle l, so as to throw the shelf in and out olV the discharge-opening when the door is opened.

M are arms pivoted at their upper ends in the walls of the casing and provided with a notch m at the lower end and a pivotallyslotted connection at m to theshelf L.

N is a tray having arc-shaped bottom ends n, which are supported on end rollers n on the truck N', the wheels of which rest on suitable rails a2.

O is an endless conveyc r located beneath the oven and extending from thel trucks N. to a point at or beyond the hood. The conveyer` O is provided with cross-slats, but may be of any suitable form.

When it is primarily desired to fill the oven with the'products, the door maybe swung open and the baker may by turning the hand-wheel if adjust the travs opposite the lower side ofthe orifice K and place the products on each tray in succession. When placing the products in the oven, of course the truck would be pushed out of the way toward the conveyer O, so that the baker can .bring the racks containing the products close to the door for convenienceofplacing them in upon the trays.

The oven is in practice brought to the required teinperature before any of the articles to be'baked are placed on the shelves, the doors being open during the time the oven is being heated. Then 'the articles or products to be baked are placed on the shelves, and the oven may be rotated by the driving-pulley H, driven by a belt from any suitable source of power. During the baking and in the intervals 'when the baked articles are not being removed from the shelves the door may be closed; but as it is in practice being opened at short intervals for the 'removal of baked aticles and the insertion of unbaked ones there is penty of opportunity for the escape of the products of combustion,especially as the door does not fit hermetieal'ly` After 'the goods have been baked sufficiently the power would he thrown oii, and the baker after opening the door K may `by turning the handle adjust the shelf' L'inwardly, so as to bring the arms'M inwardly into the position showinin dotted lines in Fig. 3. By now turning the hand-wheel h5 the tray to Vthe left of the shelf is brought into the tilted position shown in dotted lines by means of Ithe roller ou the front edge thereof contacting with the notched" end of the arm M.. The truck N is of course previously brought IOO into the position shown in the drawi11g,with

the receiving-tray, however, in the.` position shown in dotted hnes. It 'will thus be seen Y that the products will slide off from the plates f2 over the shelf L and onto the receiving-tray NL The truck N may now be pushed forwardly toward the endless conveye: O and the receiving-tray tilted into the reverse position to that shown in dotted lines, so as to deposit the products upon the endless convcyer O. In this position the 'receiving-tray and truck will be out4 ofthe road. The baker then may by means of the handewlieel 71,5 turn` the plates backwardly, so that the empty plateswill be closeito the lower side of the dischargeopening. The unbaked goods from a new rack may then be placed upon a plate and the shelf L with! llO the receivingposition hereinbefore described. lt Will thus be seen that the products of each shelf .in the oven maybe discharged and the. shelf reloaded inrniediately thereafter, and thereby a great deal of time saved.

It will he seen fromthis description' that the *areay to be heated of my baking-chamber is reduced to the smallest possil'ile space by the drum F. It will also be seen that I provide ready means for rotating the bakingplates by power or by hand and also su'llici en t. moisture in the baking-chamber, so essential in some styles v of loaf-bread. The casing being mostly/'covered by a hood, i t will also. be

readily understood that the steam and heat when bread or cakes are being taken out will pass up and out of the building.

Another advantage which I attain in my construction is 'the accessibilityv in placing the 'products in the baking-chamber or removing 1t therefrom. Besides, I 'am enabled to save l floor-space,'as there is no long draw-plates or peel used. It will alsobe understood that the door being practically at the bottom of the oven the heat and moisture 'will be retained in the oven to a maximum extent. Again, on account of the construction of my oven I am enabled to makef it practically a machine which is readily adaptable for erection on either upperor lower floor, and not only this, but it may be taken apart and reerected when it is desirable to extend or change the premises.

That I claim as my invention is- 1. In a baking-oven' of the reel type, a cylindrical casing, suitably supported, and provided With an orifice or mouth forfeeding and discharging the products near the bottorn of the casing 4and in the periphery thereof, whereby a maximum amount of heat is preserved in the oven, a door, and means for moving the door eccentrically to the cylindricalportion of the casing containing such door, so as to close the orifice in theperiphery of the casing, as specified.

2. In an oven of the reel type, the combination with the casing and feed and discharge orifice, of a door for the same balanced so as to remain in an'open or olosed'position and so arranged that it Will move in an arc eccentricto the casing, so as to close and open the orifice, `as specified.

3. In an oven of the reel. type, the combination with the cylindrical casing having a feed and discharge orifice, and the shaft, of

'rotatable baking-shelves suitably carried by the shaft, rollers on the ends of each of said baking-shelves adjacent the outer edge thereof, arms provided With notched lower ends, and pivoted at their upper ends, in the interior of the'ends of the casing above the orifice therein, and means for throwing such arms inwardly into the path of the shelves, as specified.

4. In an oven of the reel type, the combination With the cylindrical casing having a feed and discharge orihcc, and the shaft, of rotatable halting-shelves suitably carried bv the shaft. arms, pivoted at their upper ends rotatable baking-shelves suitably carried by the shaft, arms pivoted at. their upper ends in the interior of the ends of the casing, -a plate pivotally connected to the lower ends of the arms, racks formed at the bottom of the plate and pinions suitably operated and meshing with such racks, as specified.

6. In an Aoven of the reel type, the combination with the cylindrical casing having a discharge-orifice and the shaft, of bakingshelves suitably carried hy the shaft. a movable plate extending from the loyvcr side of the orifice at an inclination outwardly, and a tiltable receiving-tray located beneath the plat-e and so pivoted that when tilted the. planes of the tray and plate are coincident as' specified.

7. In an oven of the reel type, the combination With the cylindrical casing having a discllarge-milicev and the shaft, of bakingshelves suit-ably carried by the shaft, a movable plate extending from the lower side of the orifice at an inclination outwardly, a tiltable receiving-tray located beneath the plate and provided with arc-shapedends, rollers journaled in suitable bearings on which the arc-shaped ends are supported, and a supporting-truck for the tray, as specified.

8. In an oven of the reel type, a cylindrical casing forming the baking-chamber and provided With an orifice in the periphery thereof near the bottom and which the front portion of the casing of the oven overhangs, means for supporting the casing above the floor, so as to leave a clearspace underneath the oven, whereby the baked products discharged from the orifice may be removed rearwardly underneath the oven away from the unb aked product s brought to the orifice to refill the shelves,

anda hood enveloping the Whole upper surface down to the level of -the orifice and spaced from the casing to form a flue to carry away the steam of the baked products, and gases from the Whole oven, as specified.

9. In an oven of the reel type,`a cylindrical casing forming the baking-chamber and provided With an orifice in the periphery thereof near the bottom and which. the portion of the casing of the oven at the front overhangs, means for support-ing the casing above the floor, so as to leave a'clear space underneath IOO' IIO

una

the oven, a receiving means for the baked; products in proximity to the orifice and a supplemental receiving means located in ya space underneath the oven to carry the baked products to the rear oli the oven clear of the unbaked products brought to the ovenmouth to reiill the shelves, and a hood enveloping the whole upper surface down to the level of the opening and spaced 'from the casing to form a .flue to carry away the steam of the baked products7 and gases from the whole oven, as specified. l y

10. In an oven of the reel type, a cylin drical casing forming the b aki rig-chamber and provided with oriiice in the periphery thereof .near the bottom and which the portion of the casing of the oven at the front overhangs, meansfor supporting the casing above the floor, seas to leave a clear space underneath the oven, a tiltable receiving-tray designed to be thrown to incline downwardly and outwardl'y to receive the products from the'oven and have its inclination reversed to discharge the products of the oven underneath the cas ing and an endless belt designed to receive such baked products and carry them to thc rear of the oven clear ofthe unbaked products brought to reiill the shelves and a hood' lenveloping' the whole upper surface down to i the level of the opening and spaced from the casing to form a iiue to carry away the steam whole oven, as speciiied.

1l. In an oven: of 'the reel typeya cylin-v drical casing forming the baking-ch amber and having an' opening near the bottom and a hood enveloping` its Awhole upper surface down to the opening, spaced from the casing, and provided with front and rear bottom openings, and an exit-flue Iat the top of the hood to carry oil the steam of the baked'prodnets, and gases from the whole oven, as speciiied.

12. In an oven of the reel type, the combination with the cylindrical casing forming a baking-chamler7 of ribs forming a 'frame for supporting the casing at the inside and forming pockets at the outside, and the heat-n on-y conducting material secured in and filling the pockets between the ribs so as to entirely cover the interior casing as specilied.

13. In. an oven of the reel type, a cylindrical casing provided with end walls, standards or pedestals, and brackets supported on top of the standards or pedestals, and interior plates secured to theinside of' the walls, and bolts securing such plates to the brackets eX- tending through the walls, as specilied.

JOHN DRYSDALE NASMITH. itnessesz B. Born,

C. H. BATE.

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