US831003A - Linotype-machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 831,003. PATENTED SEIT 11, 1906. F. JOHANNESEN. LINOTYPE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APE. 28.1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' vmwwtot I PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

F. JOHANNESEN.

LINOTYPE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 111911.28. 1906.

4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

4 SHEET8-SHHET 3.

P. JOHANNESEN.

LINOTYPE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB-28.1906.

PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

I. JOHANNESEN.

LINOTYPE MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APLZB. 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 1 hw vq fonts or sets of matrices,

UNITED STATES PA'rENT OFFICE.

FRANK JOHANNESEN, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO MERGEN- THALER LINOTYPE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LINOTYPE- MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 11, 1906.

Application filed April 28, 1906. Serial No. 814,128.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK JOHANNESEN, of Erie, county of Erie, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Linotype-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

M invention has reference to linotypemac ines of the general organization represented in Letters Patent of the United States N 0. 436,532, wherein circulating 'matrices are released from a magazine in the order in whichtheir characters are to appear in print and assembled in line, together with expanding s acers, the composed line transferred to the ace of a mold, the mold filled with molten metal to form a slug or linotype against the matrices which produce the type characters thereon, and the matrices thereafter elevated and returned through a distributing mechanism to the magazine-channels from which they started.

The aim of my invention is to adapt a machine of this character to carry a number of representing different sizes or styles of type, in such manner that any font may be brought into action at will, so that a line may be roduced with faces represented by the matrices in any one magazine or by a combination of faces represented by the matrices in two or more magazines.

A further object of the inventionis to provide for the distribution of the matrices from the composed lines to their appropriate magazines without interrupting the composition of succeeding lines, and this Whether the composed lines require tobe distributed to one or more of the magazines. To this end I employ a series of magazines, preferably superposed, in combination with movable means for directing the matrices from the respective magazines to a common assembling mechanism. 1 also employ means for preventing the discharge of matrices from any but the one magazine in use at the time, as well as means by which continuous closed channels or chutes are formed for the passage of the matrices from the mouth of the magazine in use at the time to the assembling mechanism. I furthermoreemploy a main distributer, by which the matrices of a line are first separated according to the letters of the alphabet and distributed into channels of a common intermediate or auxiliary magazinc and secondary or auxiliary distributing means b which the matrices are further separate into fonts and distributed into the channels of the various individual principal magazines, a continuous closed channel bemg preferably provided for each matrix from its channel of the auxiliary magazine to its appropriate channel in the individual magazine to which it belongs. I also employ for the purpose of effecting the se aration into fonts matrices with distinguis 'ng features to 006. erate with the distributin means.

In t e accompanying drawings l have represented my improvements as incorporated in a machine of the same general organization as the commercial Mcrgenthaler linotype-machine of the present day, and I have restricted the drawings to those parts of the machine which are necessary to an understanding of my im rovements; but it is to be understood that t e improvements may be employed in connection with any other suitable line-casting machine and that the details may be widely modified Within the range of mechanical skill and Without passing beyond the limits of my invention.-

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is afront elevation of a portion of the assembling mechanism, showing the magazines and what is commonly called the assembler-entrance, the escapements, and assembler belt all located at the lower or discharge end of the magazines. Fig. 2- is a vertical section from front to rear of this portion of the machine on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of two of the escapements. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of the upper or receiving por tion of the magazines, showing the distributmg means. Fig. 5 is a vertical section from front to rear of this portion of the machine on linev 5 5, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a detail section on line 6 6, Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a view of two of the matrices employed in the machine. Fig. 8

is a side elevation of the distributing or top- B B B B are inclm (1 magazines superrigid main frame, which may be 0 any form imposed and rigidly connected to each other 1 width b and the main frame, each magazine consisti of a air of plates channeled longitudinally an separated by distance-pieces and adapted to contain a font or set of matrices C.

D represents escapement-actuating slides connecting at their lower ends with the finger-key mechanism and engaging at their upper ends centrally-pivoted levers E, Figs. 2 and 3. The-slides D are supported in the usual manner by stationary guides H, are depressed by corresponding finger-keys, and raised by means of springs d in the Well-f known manner. By the reciprocating motionof the slides D a rocking motion is imparted to the levers E.

F and F are escapement-slides for releasing the matrices resting at their lower ends on the extremities of the centrally-pivoted levers E, passing through the series of magazines B B B B and acted upon at their 11 per ends'by light springs G and G. T e rocking motion of oneof the levers E causes a reciprocating motion of the slides F and F, the one bein raised while the other is lowered. The s ides F and F pass through the magazines between the channels containing the matrices and are provided with side projections or lips f and f extending into the matrix-channels and the path of the matrices engaging the ears of the same, as shown particularly in Fig. 3. The reciprocating motion of the slides F and F releases one matrix at a time. It will be observed that the two oppositely-moving escapement slides or bars of each pair cooperate in controlling the delivery of each matrix on which they act. It will also be observed that each pair of slides, extending through the series of magazines, controls the delivery of matrices from all the magazines.

There being but one set of escapement slides F and F for all of the magazines B B B B each of the latter would deliver a matrix upon the actuation of one of the escapements. To prevent this, I provide in front of the mouths of the magazines rock-shafts I I I I The cross-section of these rockshafts is such that in one position they will obstruct the passages of the matrices, as shown in Fig. 2, in the instance of rock-shafts I, I, and I and in another position leave the passages free, as in the instance of rockshaft I J is a channel-plate to receive matrices from all the magazines and guide them downward toward the assembling devices. It is divided by vertical partitions j and has a glass cover K. L is a-continually-moving assembler-belt, upon which the matrices fall and by which they are carried laterally to the assembling-elevator. These parts are well known in the art. The channels J are divided horizontally for a portion of their lower plates of the magazines and overlying the rock-shafts I I, &c. To prevent the ears of the matrices from catching on the edges of the plates 7' in their descent past them from an overlying magazine, I provide bridging pieces or flaps 7' one for each channel J and magazine except the top one. These flaps j are mounted on rock-shafts 1' connected by pinions 7', f, and 7' with the corresponding rock-shafts I I, &c. The latter carry handles j. Upon turning one of these handles not only the corres onding rock-shaft I is turned, but also t e corresponding rockshaft 7' geared thereto, thus opening or closing, respectively, the corresponding magazine and simultaneously opening or closing the gap between two adjacent plates 3i. Thus, as shown in Fig. 2, the matrices of magazine B? are free upon being released by the escapements to move into the passages J, the obstructing part of the rock-shaft I being turned upward and rock-shaft 7' being turned so as to swing the fla s 7' outward, while the other rock-shafts I I I are obstructing the mouths of their respective magazines, and the flaps of the lowermost magazine B form smooth rear walls of the channel J in front of said magazine for the safe and unobstructed passage of matrices from magazine B The springs G and G are preferably mounted on shafts g and g, so that they may be turned up and out of the way when it is desired to remove the escapements F and F from the machine for inspection or repair. To facilitate such removal of the escapements, I provide on each side of the magazines a sliding bar M, guided in the main frame and havy plates 7', forming extensions of the ingracks in their lower ends, into which me'sh plIllOIlS m, mounted on a shaft m, journaled in the main frame. These sliding bars M are connected at the top by a cross-bar m carry- F and F and provided with grooves m. The escapement-bars F F have notches m, registering with grooves m of the cross-bar m By inserting rectangular rods into the grooves m and notches m the cross-bar m may be securely locked to all of the escapement-bars. The shaft m has a crank m", the turning of which raises or lowers through pinion m sliding bars M, its cross -bar m and all the es- .capement-ba'rs F and F locked thereto.

N is a cover protecting the escapement slides and springs from dust and possible injury.

0 represents bars lying across the magaing a guide-plate 'm for the escapement-slides zines and having lips o entering the same through their top plates. These bars 0 are all connected to two upright sliding bars 0, which are guided in the main frame and may be lowered by means of an eccentric shaft 0 journaled in the main frame. By lowering the bars 0 the lips o obstruct the passage of or from two or all of them into a line t e line 4o fers the is carried in front of the mold and justified. The slug is then cast and the line removed from the mold, the spacers are extracted, and the matrices elevated to the top of the ma- .chine in the well-known manner described in Patent No. 436,532, preparatory to distribution. Asthe machine contains in the respective magazines several distinct fonts or sets of matrices, it is necessary that they should be separated or distributed according to thefont and also according to letter in order that they may be delivered each to its proper magazine and to the appropriate channel therein. To secure this result, I first separate or assort the matrices according to the characters therein, regardless of font, delivering all matrices of the, same letter to the same point, and thereafter I separate each of these letter-groups according to font and'conduct each matrix to the proper channel in its magazine. matrices in the machine containing a given letter or character are provided with the same combination of distributing-teeth; but matrices of different fonts are provided with font-distinguishing notches or equivalent distinguishing features common to all matrices of the same font, regardless of letter, as hereinafter more fully explained.

P, Fig. 4, is the matrix-carrying rail of the so-called second elevator, of usual construction.

1) represents the usual pusher that transmatrices C to the distributerbox Q, whence the matrices are lifted one by one by the er q between the distributer-screws R R R that guide them upon the toothed distributer-bar S, as in the ordinary Mergenthaler linotype-machine described in United StatesLettersPatent No.436,532. Thematrices are, however, not directly distributed into their proper magazines, but into an intermediate upright magazine T, Figs. 4 and 30 5, constructed in the same manner as the ora ss p dmary magazines with grooves for the matrices, but shorter. Each of these grooves or channels receives all the matrices in the machine-containing a given character-for exall the A matrices of the various fonts. In practice there will commonly be an accumulation of matrices in each groove belonging to one, two, or more fonts, but all containing the same character. At the back So of this auxiliary magazine are mounted two blades t and t, entering the magazine T through slots provided for These blades engage the upper ears of the matrices and actas escapements. The blades To this end all.

the purpose.

are fastened to spring-actuated pllungers t,

connected to a rock-shaft t? in su a manner that when one blade-for instance, t is out of .the path of the matrices, the other, i, is in the path of the same, as shown particularly in F1 6. By rocking the shaft t one honzonta row of matrices C, accumulated in the magazine T, will be. delivered therefrom at a tlme.

The matrices C (see Fig. 7 are of the form used in the ordinary Mergenthaler lin'otypemachine, with ears 0 and c te'etlic for effecting distribution according to letter, and ink taglio characters 0 but have in addition each a notch 0 varying in depth according to fonts.

Through the rear plate and into the interior of magazine T enters pawls.U, one for each matrix-channel, registering with and entering the notches c of the lowermost matrices, as shown inFig. 5, while suspended on the blade tf. The pawls U are continually urged in one direction by springs u, tending to push them into the magazine and intothe notches c of the matrices and intermittently in the other direction by a rocking plate 11. on a shaft a tending to withdraw them from the magazine T. Each of the awls U is connected by a pin to a swinging ever a, pivoted at u to a stationary plate or support it, forming part of the stationary framework of the magazine T. Each of the pivoted levers a has formed on its front edge ste s u. According to the depth of the note 0 in the matrix the pawl U will enter the magazine more or less, giving to the stepped pivoted lever a various positions.

Underneath the auxiliary magazine T a series of channels or throats V is formed by means of vertical partition-plates v and a back plate '0, all fastened to a stationary frame 7)". Through these channels or throats V the matrices are guided from the auxiliary magazine into the main magazines B B B B over bridges or switches a of which there is one for each matrix-channel of each magazine except the lowermost one. These bridges or switches are pivotally 'mounted between the partition-plates v of the throats V and connected by pins to horizontally-sliding links 1), guided in-the back plate 1) and the frame '0 On their rear free ends the links a) carry antifriction-rollers 12, arranged to ride ations of the bottom plates of their respective magazines, at the same time partitioning off the portions of the channels V below. In this osition of the switches 12 their respective links 0 rest with their rollers v against the narrowlpo rtions of the upright slides W. When pushed forward, the links '0 cause the switches 11? to swing up into a position such as that belonging to magazine B is shown to occupy in Fig. 5. From the figures it will be clear that by the position of the various flaps a continuous passage-way to the matrices is formed from the channels of the auxiliary magazine T to those of the ma azine B, the entrance to the top magazine above being closed, as well as that to the magazine B below. It will be clear also that by proper changes of the relative position of the switches i) any one of the main magazines may 'sb be connected by closed channels with the auxiliary magazine T to the exclusion of the others. This is effected automatically by means of thevertical slides W in conjunction with the stepped pivoted levers u. The slides W are constantly urged upward by s rings w, attached to the bottom ends an the stat-ionary frame, respectively, but are helddown in their lowermost position by a cam-plate w engaging in a recess of W and attached to arms w of a rock-shaft '11) until such time as they are required to take different positions. It is to be noted that although the action of the switches 12 is controlled or determined by the individual matrices their movements .are efiected by power-driven connections. This insures speedy and certain action of the switches in advance of the arrival of the matrices. The slides W are provided also on their rear edges with ratchet-teeth w*", in number equal to the number of magazines and the number of steps in the pivoted levers if. The ratchet-teeth 20 are engaged by .a pawl-plate 11)", carried on spring-actuated arnzs w of a rock-shaft w.

The various parts being described, the ac tion of the mechanism'is as follows: Matrix C having arrived in front of the pawl U and being'held there by the escapement-blade t for the time being, shaft u is rocked, releas' ing pawl U, leaving it free to follow the tendency of its spring a to enter the notch c of the matrix, as shown in Fig. 5. According to the depth of the notch 0 pivoted lever u will swing forward more or less. In the figures it is shown to have swung so far as to of the slide W, holding the same in position against displacement during the actions that follow. This stage of the action of the mechanism is illustrated in Fig. 5, and the result accomplished thus far is that the slide W has risen to such an extent that roller 12 0f the uppermost link i) has passed from the higher to the lower level of the inclined sur face w, while the rollers of the other links are still on the higher levels. This causes the switches "12 to take the position shown in Fig. 5 .and the formation of the passage-way, as previously described, to one magazine only. Immediately after the flaps have been set for the reception of the matrix into its proper magazine pawl U is withdrawn by rocking the shaft a backward. The flaps are not affected by this, although the step ed lever a is also withdrawn from the top 0 the slide W, because the latter is still held in position by the pawl-plate w. Next the rockshaft t is rocked and the escapement-blade caused to recede and the blade t to advance, whereupon the matrix C drops from the auxiliary magazine T into the channel V, and thence asses into magazine B, while the next fol owing matrix is held in suspension by the escapement-blade t until the shaft i is rocked back again, which occurs immediately afterward when this matrix assumes the position of its'predecessor. Next the rock-shaft w is rocked back again, depressing the slide W to its extreme lower position, whereby all the switches v are swung down, all the anti friction-rollers v riding on the high levels of the slide. The cycle is now repeated by the rocking of shaft 1& and the advance of pawl U for the next matrix, &o.

It will be understood that although in describing the action of thedistributing mechanism only one slideW, only one pawl U, 850., has been named all the slides W and all the pawls U, as Well as their contiguous parts, perform like motions simultaneously; also, that the lowest matrix in one channel of the auxiliary magazine may be of a different font from that in the next channel and of a dif ferent font again from that in the third, &c., so that the three corresponding pawls U will advance different distances and cause through the intermediate mechanism a different disposition of the switches 12 in the dif ferentchannels V. It will be further understood that in case any one channel of the aum'liary magazine is empty the action of the rock-shaft to will have no effect on theparticular slide W belonging to that channel, being held in its lowermost position by its stepped lever u, and consequently the corresponding switches 12 will remain at rest until the channel receives a matrix. Since at all times there will be a number of emptychannels in the auxiliary magazine, the fact that only those mechanisms belonging to channels a. minimum.

in a machine have been combined with means first in which two or more fonts are first sepahaving matrices in them are operative at the tlme reduces the number of moving parts to The various rock-shafts ti, u, w, and w receive their motion from a shaft X, Figs. 4, 5, and 8, that also supplies power to the'distributer-screws. From' a pulley a: power is transmitted by a belt a to a pulley m mounted on a stud m Integral with the pulley m is a cam :0 actin on an arm m carried on rock-shaft 'w T e cam a? carries a roller m", that acts at the proper moment on an arm as, carried on rock-shaft wt Integral with pulley w is a pinion y, meshin with another pinion y ona stud'y Integra with the latter pinion y are cams y and y, acting on arms g and y, carried on rock-shafts t and a respectively.

. l the matrix-fonts used in the machine will contain usually the same letters and other characters; but the characters of one font will differ in size or style from those of the other fonts. All matrices containing the same character will have thesame arran ement of distributing-teeth and will be delivered regardless of font from the. distributerbar S at the same point and into one channel in the supplemental magazine T. Consequently the magazine T will hold momentarily for further distribution letters of different fonts assorted according to their characters, all As inone channel, all'Bsin another, &c.

The slides or blades 25 it serve merely as escapements to detain the assorted matrices momentarily until each one causes the setting of the devices which control its course into the proper magazine. It is'to be noted that the devices which control the final course of the individual matrices is powerdriven and positive in action. The action is dependent on the form of the matricesthat is to say, on the depth of their notches c It will be observed that the auxiliary magazine T and the parts below it present continuous vertical intermediate channels or passages through which the matrices separated by the first distributer are conducted to corresponding channels in the main magazines, allmatrices containing the same character descending through the same channel. It

will also be seen that the pivoted members 12 are, in efiect, switches or guides to deflect the matrices from theirvertical coursesooner or later, according to font, that they may enter one magazine or another.

I believe the present mechanism to be the rated according to letter and power-driven devices thereafter caused to determine the course of each matrix to one magazine or another according to font.

I am aware that several fonts of matrices for separating them according to font and witha series of distributing mechanisms each adaptedIto distribute the matrices of one font according to letter; but the arrangement herein'shown and claimed is advantageous, in that it enables a'single distributer to first separateall the matrices according to letter, after which these letter groups may be sepa-" rated according to font by verysimple mech;

anism, I Ilavmg described 'my invention, what I cla1m1s- 1. In a linotypemachine, plural-channeled magazines in combination with sliding cooperating escapement-bars arranged in pairs and each extended through all the magazines.

,2. In a zines containing matriX-gui ing channels, in combination with cooperating escapementbars arranged in pairs and extended through all the magazines, and means for reciprocat ing the bars of each pair in reverse directrons.

' 3. In combination, plural parallel magazines, reversely-reciprocating cooperating escapement-bars arranged in pairsand extended through all the ma azines, and means controllable at will for ho ding back the matrices of all but one magazine, whereby one series of escapeme'nts is enabled to deliver matrices to any one of the magazines as demanded.

4. In combination, plural magazines, escapementsslides passing through the series of linotype-machine parallel magamagazines and means for withdrawing the i combination with a channel-plate arranged to receive matrices from all the magazines, and intermediate movable flaps to cover the ends of the inoperative magazines and assist in guiding the matrices past the same to the channel-plate.

7. In a linotype-machine, plural inclined magazines and escapements to release matrices therefrom, in combination with a channel-plate arranged to receive matrices from all the magazines, and intermediate hinged flaps 1' 8. In a posed inclined magazines, a channel-plate arranged to receive matrices therefrom, 1n combination with rock-shafts I to retain matrices in g ,the inoperative magazines, and hinged flaps 1 to aid in guiding the released matrices.

9. In a linotype-machine, a series of parallinotype-machine, a series of super:

o 1 magazine to the respective magazines, and

lblmagazines, astop device for eaclf'maga zine-distinct from the escapem'ent meehan ism to hold the matrices therein,- and-means tween'sai'd stopdevices, and means for'operating'tliem in unison;

12. In a linotype-machine, two" inclined magazines, one overlying the other, a channel-plate J arranged to receive matrices from both magazines, and an intermediate movable-'plate'fl 13. In a linotype-machine, a series of in'- cl'iined superposed magazines, a channelplate J common to-theseries, a swinging those of each font having according to plate 1 movable to and from the ends of the magazines.

14. In a linotype-machine, a series of magazines, each adapted to carry a font or set of matrices, corresponding fonts of-matrices differing in form as between the difierent fonts, a-primary distributor acting on all the matrices to separate them accordin to letter regardless of font, and a secon ary power-driven mechanism for distributing the assorted matrices accordin to font.

15. In a linotype-mac ine, a/ series of magazines, a like number of matrix-fonts, a distinguishing form, a preliminary dist uting mechanism for separating all the matrices into groups 'etter regardless of font, and a secondary distributing mechanism embracing power-driven switches controlled in their action by the matrices presented thereto.

16. In a linotype-machine, a mechanism for distributing variant fonts of matrices, a

preliminary distributer to separate the mat rics according to letter, an auxiliary magazine to receive the matrices therefrom, means for releasing the matrices at intervals from the auxiliary magazine, switchesacontrolling the course of the matrices from the auxiliary switch-governing devices controlled by the individual matrices, whereby matrices of the same letter but different fonts are enabledtc control the power-driven devices which determine their course to the respective magazines.

17'. In a mechanism for distributing two I or more fonts of matrices, a dis-tributer which delivers all matrices of the same letter, regardless of font, at the same point, a channeled auxiliary magazine arranged to receive al matrices of the same letter in the same channel, means for'releasing matrices one at a time ffi'onr'tlie' magazine-channels, charmelseach leadingfromthe auidliary magazineto two" or more mam magazines, and means controlled by the individual matrices to direct them to the appropriatemagazines.

18. Ina linotype-machine, the combina tion of two similar channeled main magazines, an auxiliary channeled magazine, cl'iane nels each leading from the channels ofthe auxiliary magazine to corresponding channel's" of both main-magazine escapement devicesreleaslng matrices one at a time from thechannels of the auxiliary magazine, and

means controlled'by the individual matrices to eon-trol 'their course to-onemain magazine or" the other.

19-. In a linotype-machine, the combination of two similar channeledmagazines, two fonts of matrices differing in form, matrixguides each communicatingwith correspond ing channels of both magazines, a switch in each channel to direct the matrices to onemagazine or the other, power-driven devices to actuate said switches, and means controlled by the matrices to determine the action of the switches.

20. In combination, magazines B and B, two fonts of matrices dissimilar in form, a distributer S for separating the matrices according'to letter, anauxillary magazine T to.

receive the matrices from said distributer', esca ementsto retain the matrices 1n the auxi iary distributer and release one of each letter at a time, and means controlled by the individual matrices to determine their course to the respective magazines.

21. In combination, the distributer S, auxiliary magazine T, escapements t, t, feelers U, and switches controlled by the feelers to determine the course of the individual mat-- rrces.

22. In combination withmagazines B, B,

inlet-switches '0 their actuating-slides o, the' slide W adapted to actuate slides '11 individually, and means controlled by the matrices to govern the-movement of slide W.

23'; The switches v ,'slide W, and intermediate connections, in combination with springs w, depressor-arm e0 rocking bar w, stepped bar a, feeler U and means for delivering thematrices'successively to the feeler.

24. A'series of magazines each adapted to carry a'font or set of matrices, corresponding fonts of matrices in which all the matrices containing the same character are provided with'like distributing features regardless of font, and matrices of different fonts provided with font-distinguishing notches, in combination with a 1primary distributing mechanism delivering a to one point regardless of font, and a secondary distributer for separating the groups from the first distributer according to font, for deliveryto the respective magazines.

matrices of the same character 25. a. linot e-machine, the combination of a series 0 magazines and corresponding sets of matrices, means for distributing the composed lines of matrices according to 5 letter and accumulating matrices of the same letter regardless of font, and means for distributing the matrices in said groups according to font.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand, this 23d day of April, 1906, in the pres- IO ence of two attesting Witnesses.

FRANK JJOHANNESEN.

Witnesses 2 HERMAN GEREoKE, THOS. Fig CUNNINGHAM.

Images