US822962A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

No. 822,962. PATENTBD JUNE 12, 1906. G LIAGI WRENCH. AFPLIGATION FILED FEB.3,1906.

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COSMO LIACI, OF NEV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO RAFFAELE GAGHAIDI, ONE-FOURTH TO LIAGI COLAVECCHTO, AND ON E-FOURTH TO EGIDIO FERR-AINOLO, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

WRENCH.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CosMo LIACI, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to wrenches for turning nuts, pipes, and other articles, and has for its principal object to provide a wrench of simple and economical construction in which the jaws are connected to the operating-handle by a ratchet or similar mechanism, means being provided for rendering the ratchet effective in either direction of movement and for locking the jaws rigidly to the handle, so that the tool may be used in the ordinary manner.

A further object of the, invention is to provide mechanism of simple construction and which may be quickly adjusted for the purpose of altering the direction of rotative movement and for rigidly locking the parts.

A still further object of the invention is to simplify and improve the construction of wrench and to rovide a centering or holding device by whic the jaw end ofthe tool may be held in position by one hand, While the operating-handle is manipulated by the other hand.

With these and other objects in view, as will more fully hereinafter appear, the invention consists in certain novel features ofv construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly Y pointed out 1n the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportions, size, and minor details of the structure may be made without departing from the spirit or sacricing any of the advantages ofthe invention.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a sectional elevation of a wrench constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the upper detachable plate, showing the stem in section. Fig. 3 is an inverted View of the handle portion of the wrench with the lower plate removed and showing the stem in section. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the main portion of the handle with the top plate removed. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view of the wrench.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts throughout the several ligures ofthe drawings.

The handle is preferably formed of three sections 10, 11, and 12, the section 10 being extended rearward and provided with one or more grips 13. The forward end of the main section 10 is recessed on both of its faces and is provided on one side with pins 14 and 15, which enter suitably-located openings in the third member or cover-plate 12. All three of the members are provided with alining o enings for the reception of two ratchet- W eels 18 and 19, the teeth of which face, respectively, in opposite directions, and said ratchet-Wheels have alined openings for the reception of a non-circular stem 20, the upper end ofwhich is rigidly secured to the jaw members of the wrench.

Within the lower' recessed portion of the member 10 is arranged a pawl 21, one end of which is pressed into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 18 by means of a spring 22. This pawl is pivotally mounted on the pin 17, and its rear or tail end is engaged by the cam-shaped end of a rack-bar 23, that is guided within a suitable groove formed near one edge of the handle member 10. The teeth of this rack-bar are engaged by the teeth of a pinion 25, mounted on a spindle that extendsl upward through the upper plate 11 and carries a knob or disk 26, which may be turned for the purpose of moving the rack-bar to and fro, and-thus moving the pawl 21 from engagement with the ratchet-wheel or permitting the spring 22 to force said pawl lnto engagement with the ratchet-Wheel. Arranged within the upper recess of the central member 10 are a number of ribs 28, 29, and 30, all of which are disposed in parallel relation, and between the side of the member 10 and the rib 28 is mounted a rack-bar 31, having a cam-shaped end that is adapted to engage a pawl 32, pivoted on the pin 14 and arranged to engage with the teeth 0f the ratchet-wheel 19, said pawl being pressed in the direction of the teeth by a suitable spring 33. The teeth of the rack-bar 31 are engaged by the teeth of a pinion 35, having a spindle 36, that projects upward through an opening formed in the upper section 11 and which carries a head or disk 37, that may be turned for the purpose of mov- IOO ing thepawl 32 from engagement with the ratchet-wheel 19 or permitting the spring 33 to force said pawl into engagement with said ratchet-wheel. These two mechanisms serve as a ready means for controlling the effective rotative movement of the jaw members, so that the handle may be operated for the purpose of turning the jaws in either direction.

Guided between the ribs 29 and 30, which are formed also in the upper section 11 of the handle, is a rack-bar 39, the forward end of which is provided with a rectangular recess 40, that is adapted to engage the non-cylindrical stem 30 and lock the same from movement, so that when moved to stem-engaging position the jaws and the handle will be rigidly locked to each other, so that the wrench may be used in the same manner as an ordinary monkey-wrench. The teeth of the rack-bar 39 are engaged by the teeth of a pinion 41, having a stem 42, that extends upwardly through an opening formed in the upper member 11 of the handle and carries a small knob or disk 43, which may be turned in order to move the stem-locking bar to or from operative position. The upper end of the stem is provided with an enlarged head 50, having laterally-extended wings arranged diametrically opposite'each other, and these wings carry upwardly-projecting lugs 51, that are adapted to fit within corresponding recesses formed in the lower face of the shank 53 of the main or relatively fixed jaw 54.

The shank 53 is provided with a longitudinal groove for the reception of the reduced lower end of the movable jaw 56, and this reduced lower end of the movable jaw has a threaded opening for the passage of an adjusting-screw 57, both ends of which are oosely mounted in the shank of the fixed hub, the inner end of the screw having a suitable knob 58, which may be turned for the purpose of adjusting the distance between the jaws in accordance with the size of the object being operated upon.

The lower end of the square stem 50 is reduced and threaded for the reception of a handle 60, the upper portion of the handle being flared out to form a disk 61, so that it may be conveniently grasped in the hand for the support of the jaw end of the wrench while the handle proper is manipulated by the other hand.

I claim-4 1. In a wrench, a recessed handle, a pair of ratchet-'wheels provided with non-circular openings, the teeth of said ratchet-wheels facing, respectively, in opposite directions, a stem extending through the openings, clamp ing-jaws supported by the stem, pawls engaging the ratchet-wheels, springs tending to force said pawls to operative position, rackbars arranged within the recesses of the handle and having camshaped ends for engagement with the tails of the pawls, pinions engaging said rack-bars, and nuts or disks arrange outside the handle for turning said pinions.

2. In a wrench, the combination with a recessed handle member, of a pair of ratchetwheels having non-circular openings, the teeth of said ratchet -wheels facing, respectively, in opposite directions,a stem extend ing through said openings, jaws supported by the stem, pawls arranged to engage said ratchet-wheels, means for controlling the movement of the pawls to operative and inoperative positions, and an adjustable means within the handle for engaging the stem and locking the same rigidly to said handle.

, 3. In a wrench, the combination with a recessed handle, of ratchet-wheels supported therein and provided with non-circular openings, the teeth of said ratchetwheels facing, respectively, in opposite directions, a stem extending through the openings, jaws supported by the stem, pawls for engaging the ratchete'wheels, means for adjusting the pawls to operative and inoperative positions, a rack-bar provided within the recessed handle, and having at one end a nonecircular recess to engage and interlock with the stem, a pinion engaging said rack-bar, and means for operating said pinion.

4. In a wrench, the'combination with a sectional handle having recesses, and provided with a plurality of parallel ribs within the recesses, there being an opening extending through all of the sections of the handle, a pair of ratchet-wheels arranged within said opening and having their teeth facing, respectively, in opposite directions, said ratchetwheels being provided with non-circular openings, a stem extending through the openings of the ratchet-wheels, clamping-jaws carried by said stem, pawls for engagement with the ratchet-wheels, a locking-bar for engagement with the stem, a rack carried by the lockingbar, rack-bars having cam-shaped ends for engagement with the tails of the pawls, all of said racks being guided by the ribs within the recessed portions of the handle, pinions for engagement with said racks and provided with spindles that extend to the outside of the handle, and operating knobs or disks secured to said spindles.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my ownI have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CCSMO LIACI.

Witnesses:

MICHELE Riem, ANTHONY SPINELLO.

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