US826970A - Method of molding. - Google Patents

Description

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PATENTED JULY 24, 1906.'.

No. 826,970. l

M. T. STEVENS. vMETHOD 0F MOLDING. APPLICATION FILED MAY l0. 1902.

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iiNiTEn srA'rE's PATENT oEEioED METHOD 0F MoLDlNG.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 1906.

Application filed May l0, 1902i Serial No. 106,812.

To atl whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, MAURICE T. STEVENS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Harvey, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods of Molding, of which the following is a s eciiication. This invention re ates to a method of molding and forming hollow building-blocks or artificial stone, pipes, and the like; and it consists in the several steps which will be more fully hereinafter described and claimed.

The present method contemplates the use of cement or other suitable plastic material for the formation of building-blocks, pipes, or other devices, which is rendered practicable by an assemblage of an inner moist filling of such material and end or surrounding layers or portions of relatively dry material of a similar character to which pressure is applied to produce a block, pipe, or other device wherein-the density is equal throughout the entire molded form. This desirable result is attained by the utilization of the relatively drylayers or portions at the ends or surrounding the inner moist filling by having the said .relatively dry layers or portions absorb the moisture from the inner filling to cause the cement or plastic material to closely adhere and become tenaciously homogeneous when dry and practically of the same degree of hardness as the ordinary burned or fired building-blocks and pipe-sections now commonly in use.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a mold Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section vof the mold shown by Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken through the plane of one' of the cores. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of a portion of one end of the mold.

Similarnumerals of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

The mold comprises suitable thin sheetmetal sides 1, a bottom 2, ends 3, removable end partitions 4, having terminal angular anges 5, and a pressure-top 6,which is free to be moved or vibrated longitudinally for a purpose which will be presently explained. The one side 1 has a series of enlarged apertures 7 therethrough for the removable reception of tapering cores/ 8, which are of greater length than the width of the entire niold and are provided at their enlarged ends with gripping-pins 9 for engagement by a Spanner or similar device to remove or apply the said cores. On each of the cores is a flanged sleeve 10, provided with a set-screw 11, whereby the cores will be held in proper projected position in relation to the mold as an entirety and by means of which also the width of the mold may be accommodated. The opposite end of each of the cores has a squared or angular shank 12 embedded therein and formed with a projecting screwthreaded terminal 13, which engages a screwthreaded opening 14 in the opposite side and a stationary screw-plate 15 over the said aperture 14. By the use of ends 3, varying in length, molds having different widths can be produced, and the cores 8 are constructed to accommodate this transverse adjustment. When the transverse extent of the mold is varied or changed, the sleeves 10 are corres ondingly shifted on the cores. so that the anges thereof will bear against the outer surface of'one of the sides 1, or that having the opening 7 therein. The ends 3 are held in place during the assemblage of the sides, bottom, and ends by suitable stop-strips 16 on the inner opposing faces or surfaces of the opposite sides 1, adjacent to the ends of the latter. The end partitions 4 are held inwardly a distance within the mold from the ends 3 by the ianges 5, and at a certain time the said partitions are withdrawn from the mold.

The top 6, as before indicated, is adapted to be vibrated longitudinally and also to exert downward pressure on the plastic material or cement disposed within the mold. The under side of the said top is corrugated or otherwise shaped, as at 17, to cause an ornamental surface to be formed on the molded block` In applying pressure to the top 6 for the purpose of rendering the material Within the mold homogeneous and equally dense many different methods can be employed; but the simplest mode of doing this would be to apply weights to the said top, and thereby force the latter closely down on the IOO material within the mold, which is used in IIO strength and durability, and in the initial method of forming the same the removal-of the cores will facilitate the drying out of the blocks, as air will be permitted to circulate through the openings. The tapered'form of the cores also assists in the removal of the same, as it will be understood that the gradually-reducing diameter ofthe said'cores will be pulled through the gradually-enlarged portion ofthe openings in the-moldedblock.

The-essential-steps of the method consist, mainly, in-disposingl a layer or portion- 64- of relatively dry cement or other plastic material on the bottoms of the mold. The cores 8 must necessarily be set up inv-operative re- Y lation to the casing; but itv is not actuallynecessary that the cores be inserted inthe mold before the lower layer or portion 64 of relatively dry cement or other plastic material is disposed'insaid'mold. Again, if cores are not used in the mold the whole interior of the moldl will'befree for the reception of the cement or plastic material. It will be understood', however, that the -cores may be posi-Y tionedpreviousto the introduction of the cement or plastic material in the mold, and it will be obviousA that so far as the practical effect of the steps of' the method are concerned it is immaterial Whether the cores be placed' in-position beforethe layers or portions of cement' or other plastic material are-introduced or not. After the lower layer or ortion 64 4of the cement is disposed in the mo d a moist intermediatefilling 65 of similar cement or plastic material' is placed' on the lower relatively dry layeror portion 64 of such material and closely packedagainst the latter up to the openings for the cores in the mold'. The cores areV then inserted andv the parts of the mold firmly secured, and the filling 65 is gradually introduced betweenV the cores land packed over the latter, and finally a top layer' or portion 66 of' relatively dry cement or plastic material is disposed over the lling 65, and pressure is then applied to the wholel mass to cause the moisturefrom the illing65 to be absorbedl by the layers or portions 64 and 66 and facilitate the drying out of the i molded block, for example, and cause the lastic materialdas an entirety to closely adliere and become tenaciously homogeneous when dry and practically of' the same degree of' hardness and density throughout the entire block.

As has been'set forth, the pressure can be applied to the top of the mold or both to the top and bottom extremities, and' after the mass of cement or plastic material has been thoroughly'pressed the forms of the mold'sl having the cores therein will be relieved of said cores when the blocks have beceme suficiently dry, or at times said cores may be The general method has been explained,

wherein the salient features are-present;v but in addition to the steps pursued in forming the blocks the lend partitions4are-used and produce compartments atI the oppositeends of the mold', which are alsolilledwith quan tities or end layers 67' of1| relatively cement or other plastic materiali of ay nature similar to that usedf in the formationof the block. After the 'mold isfilled withv the plastic material in its two conditions these partitions 4 are Withdrawn andtherel'a-tively dry layers y6'7 at the-end become united and press against the upper-and.z lowerrela-tively dry layers andthe intermediate` filling and also-facilitate the absorption of the= excess of moisture'in! the said filling When thepressure is applied to--the meld in the diiferentways set forth.

The improved method herein d-isclosedf is economical and a building-block of= practical form can-be readil produced.

Havin 'thusful y described: the invention, what isc aimed as-newis I The herein-d`escribed method? of molding, which consists in disposing alayer of' relatively dry plastic material in thebottomy ef'a mold, superimposing thereon a body mass of Sol IOO

moist plastic material', superi'mposing there'- on a second layer of' relativelygcry plastic material, forming'at each-end'of s lid mass a wall of relatively dryv plastic material* in a separated' state therefrom bringing said Wall?,

into contact with the-bodyv mass4 and layers,

applying pressure to theentire n'lasstoihomo geneously bind the .parts thereof; and then permitting the mass' to ha-rden:

IIO

vIn testimonywhereof I aliix my signature 1n presence of two Witnesses.-

MAURICE' T'. STEVENS. Witnesses:

P. H. CALLY, C. W. STEVENS.

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