US824002A - Cylinder-knife for cotton-seed hullers. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD JUNE 19, 1906 M. WQPAHBRTY. CYLINDER KNIPBFOR COTTON SEED HULLERS. PP ATI N TI A 5 UNITED, STATES: PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL W.'FAHERTY, OF -MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

CYLINDER- KNIFE FOR QOl'TON-SEED HULLERS.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

.Eatented June 19, 1906.

Application filed April 14, 1905. Serial No. 255,621.

for that type of seed-hullers employing a fixed concave and a rotary cylinder, which knife shall be adapted to be removably mounted upon the cylinder and shall be reversible, so as to bring into use either of four separate cutting edges produced by the intersection of faces symmetrically disposed with relation to the web or body of the knife; and the object of my invention is to so construct the knife that a seed-huller having a suitable number thereof secured to its cylinder will have the efiect of splitting and removing the hull from the seed without crushing the kernel or meat, and thereby render the action of hulling very much more economical in the of a well-known type of seed-huller, which in power consumed and in results produced.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my seed-huller, parts being broken away. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of a knife detached from the cylinder, and Fig. 3 is an end view of the same.

1 represents the concave and 2 the cylinder the form here adapted for illustration is developed more especially for use in removing the hulls of cotton-seed. In the fixed concave 1 are arranged the usual arcuate series of knives -,3, individually positioned approximately radial to the axis of the cylinder and having cutting edges 11, formed by approximately radial faces 10 and approximately tangential faces 12, while mounted upon the periphery of the cylinder 2 are knives 4, extending longitudinally of the cylinder and seated at an angle to the radius. These knives 4.have heretofore been constructed with longitudinal cutting-heads 5, formed with side faces 6, perpendicular tothe plane of the web, and inclined faces corresponding to the faces 8, though at difierent angles, ex-

tending from the surfaces of the web to thesurfaces ,6 and forming cutting edges with the latter, and when so constructed said knives have been reversible upon theseatsof the cylinder to bring either of their cutting edges into position to cooperate with the knives 3 of the concave. As heretofore constructed, however, the surfaces 8 have been at such an uct of the subsequent process (cotton-seed oil) and at the same time rendered less desirable the by-product of the hulling process, (cotton-seed hulls used for stock-feed.) Ac-. cording to my present invention .1 construct the knife for the cylinder and concave type of seed-hullers, and especially for cottonseed hullers, in such-manner that the cuttingheads formed along thesides of the web or body provide the four cutting edges, as heretofore; but these edges are formed, as shown at 9, notvby the intersection of an inner face 8, inclined to the web, and an outer face 6, perpendicular to the web, but by the inter section of said inclined inner face 8 with an inclined outer or third face 7, and the inclined inner face is not at such an angle to the web that when the knife is in place said face is presented toward the cutting edges 11 of the concave knives in the rotationof the cylinder, which results in crushing-the meat or kernel, but when the cutting edges of the cooperatingtknives are nearest together said inner inclined faces 8 are substantially parallel with or in the line of the corresponding 7 approximately radial faces 10 of the concave knives, so that there can never be any biting of theseed between said inner inclined face 8 and the concave knives; but the seed is invariablyimpinged-by the two cutting edges 1 1 and 9 alone, so as to break the hull without crushing the kernel, or, if the kernel is broken, to-cut it'sharply with little or no destruction of the oil-cells, and the outer inclined face 7, while affording all necessary support to the cutting edge 9, is substantially parallel with the corresponding tangential faces 12 of the concave knives therefor within the tangent to the rotary cylinderat the cutting edge,

:and thereby. not only avoids producing any crushing effectin its travel, but is at such angle with the inner inclined face 8 as to produce a true cutting edge and not a scraping{ edge, as such terms are technically un- ITO derstood in machine construction, and provides a clearance for the cut seed and obviates the choking of the machine heretofore experienced. This construction of its outting-heads brings the cutting edges at the extremities of the greatest thickness of the knife, but within the extremities of'its greatest breadth. The concave knives having the faces and 12 at substantially right angles areset at a slight angle to the-radius,wl1ich gives a clearance forward. on the face 12, as has been the practice heretofore.

I have found by experience that knives constructed as above described and substituted for the ordinary type of double-head or reversible cylinder knives in seed-hullers v greatly reduce the friction of the cylinderknives against the seed, with a corresponding reduction of power consumption in driving the machine. They decrease the loss of oil very greatly. They increase the capacity of the huller, and they multiply several fold the number of tons of stock that can be run through the machine without resetting the knives of the concave or reversing. the knives of the cylinder.

In operation the cylinder revolves in the direction of the arrow, and the seed is caught between the cutting edges 9 of' the cylinderknives and the edges-11, formed by'the-faces 10 and 12 of the knives 3 of the concave, the said knives 3 being set in a well-known manher, so that the space between the edges 9 and 11 is slightly less than the diameter of the seed to be treated.

Having thus describedmy invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1'. As a new article of manufacture for use in seed-hullers comprising a concave having a plurality of approximately radial knives, the cuttingedges of which are formed by faces approximately at right angles to each other and a cylinder carrying a plurality of knives reversibly seated thereon in positions oblique to the radius of the cylinder; cylinder-knives each comprising a web having formed along one side a pair of oppositelyprese'nted. cutting edges, each of which edges is formed by two faces approximately at right angles to each. other and bearing such position relatively to the web that when the knife is in place and the cutting edge is nearest the cutting edge of the concave knife, the corresponding edge-forming faces of the respective knives are substantially parallel.

2. In a seed-huller having a concave provided with a plurality of approximately radial knives, the edges of which are formed by faces approximately radial and tangential and a cylinder formed with a plurality of knife-seats with knives mounted thereon at an angle to the tangent; a cylinder-knife constructed with a straight web or body with longitudinal cutting-heads along the respective sides thereof, each head being formed with two inner straight faces inclined to the plane of the web and two outer faces inclined to the plane of the web and intersecting the inner inclined faces to form cutting edges located in the extreme thickness of the knives but within the extreme breadth thereof; the intersecting inclined faces being at such an angle to. each other and to the web, that when the knife is seated upon the cylinder, the inner inclined face will be substantially radial to the cylinder While the-outer inclined face is within the tangent to the cylinder at the cutting edge.

3. A knife for that type of seed-hullers employi'ng a concave with approximately radial knives and a cylinder with knives mounted thereon at an angle to the radius; said knife comprising a straight web or body with a pair of longitudinal cutting-heads extending along its respective sides and each formed with an outer face perpendicular to the plane of the web, outer inclined faces intersecting the said perpendicular face, and straight inner inclined faces extending from the straight surfaces of the web, and intersecting the outer inclined faces and forming therewith cutting edges which are located at extremities of the extreme thickness of the knife, but within the extreme breadth thereof, and the angles of the outer and inner inclined faces relative to the web being such that when the knife is in place, the inner inclined face is substantially radial to the cylinder, while the outer in.- clined face lies within a tangent to the cylinder at the cutting edge of the knife.

4. A cylinder-knife for seed-hullers of concave and cylinder type comprising a straight thin web or body portion having integral cutting-heads along its respective sides constructed each with an outer face perpendicular to the plane of the web, a pair of outer faces inclined at an angle to said perpendicu lar face and to the plane of the web and a pair of inner faces inclined to the plane of the web and extending from the straight plane portion of the web to the outerinclined faces and. forming with the latter cutting edges that are at the extremities of the greatest thickness of the blade but within the extremities of the breadth thereof; the outer and inner inclined faces which form said cutting edges being within a right angle to each other.

The foregoing specification signed at Memphis, Tennessee, this 29th day of March, 1905.

MICHAEL W. FAI'IERTY.

In presence of B. P. MARsHALL, JOHN E. CoLBnRT.

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