US812380A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

T. SUZUKI.

FURNACE.

APPLIOATIOK FILED MAR.3.1905.

PATENTED FEB. 13, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1'.

azera axle/80'.

No. 812,380. PATENTED FEB. 13, 19 06.

. T. SUZUKI.

FURNACE. APPLIOATIQI FILED IAB.3. 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 812,380. PATENTED FEB. 13, 1906.

1 T. SUZUKI.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAB-311905- 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Karin/eases. v [raven/6 07' Da a/Jain warren srarns vTOZABURQ SUZUKI, OF SUNAMURA, J APAN...

' FURNAQE.

lilo. 812,330.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 13, 1906.

. Application filed March 3, 1905. Serial 110.248.319.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TozABUno-SUzU'KI, a subject of the Emperor of Japan, residing at No. 401 Jibeishinden, Sunamura, in the county of Minami Katsushika, in the Province of Tokyo, Japan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces.

One object of my invention is to rovide a distilling-chamber in connection Wit the furnace in which the .fuel may be reeeived'and stored before the same is,.dposited on the furnace-grate. p

A further object is to equip the furnace with a primary,combustion-chamber and a ,secondary combustiOn-chamberand auxil iary communication-passages, whereby heated air is combined with the products of combustion in their passage from one combustionchamber to the other. 5

My invention has other important and ad'- va'ntageous features, which will hereinafter be more-fully described in'connectionwith the accom anying drawings and will be more particular y pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a furnace embodying the main features of my invention.) *Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section online2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal longitudinal section on line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of the modified form of my improved furnace, taken on line .5 5 of Fig. 8. Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on line 6 6' of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical section taken on line 7 7 of Fig. 5,. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken onlineofFig.5.-

' Like characters are designated. by similar characters of reference throughout the different figures of the drawings.

My invention, as shown, comprises two rectangular structures connected by a m1Xingflame trunk,-the forward structure being provided with a front wall 1 side Walls 2, and to and bottom walls '3 and 4, respectively' transverse wall5, extending parallel with'the front Wall 1, forms a main chamber,.whichis subdivided by a horizontally-disposed walf6 into an upper distilling-chamber 7 and a lower primary COIDbUStlOIPOhflHlbGI 8 and is 5 5 further subdivided by grates 9 and .10 into an ash-pit 11. The furnace is preferably pro- I vided at its rear end with a secondary 'com "bustion-chamber 12, whichcommunicates by a flame-trunk 13 with the primary coinbus tionland distilling chambers 7 and 8, respec- 16o tively. Said secondary chamber 12 discharges directly into a boiler 14 or other suit- "able receiving means.

The gases from the'distilling and-main conii bustion chambers 7 and 8 in their passage to the secondary combustion-chamber 12 are.

mixed with hot air supplied from-air-chan'rbers or'jackets115 16 17, formed in the lateralwalls 2 2. Intermediate'the air-jackets and combustion-chamber are gas-chambers 18; formed by walls 19, said chambers 18 receiv ing' the distilled gases from the distillingchamber 7, which are mixed with the vapor or unconsumed gases passing from the main combustion-chamber 8, the said gases and 7 5' air being finally mixed and fully utilized in the secondary combustion-chamber 12,which will be hereinafter more fully described.

, There is shown superposed upon the top of the furnace supplying and measuring hoppers 8o 20-and 21, together with a stoking apparatus 22, which mechanisms -in the preferred con struction conve the fuel to the distillingchamber in pre etermined quantities. I will now describe the construction and functionof the chamber 7. Saidchamber is in the preferred form a subdivision of the general combustion-chamber of the furnace and is located, asshown, immediately above the fire-grates. The lower wall 6' of said cham- 9o ber 7 is slightly inclined rearwardly and extends from the front wall 1 of the furnace, rearwardly to apoint adjacent and above the rear end of the firegrates. The rear end wall of the chamber? is formed by a depend- 5 ing wall 47-, which extends downwardly from the upper Wall 3 to a pointslightly below the upper'surface of the wall 6. An outlet .48 is formed between the ends "of the wall 6 and the depending wa-ll'47, through which the me coal in the chamber 7 is permitted to pass to r the fireegrate. The side walls of said chamber are formed by the upper ends of main lateraliiivalls 19, which also constitute side walls for the main combustion-chamber. Near'the 1o 5 upper. ends of said walls 19 or near their juncture with the wall 3 is formed a luralityof apertures 49. The function of t e chamber 7 is to receive and hold the fuel deposited from the hopper 21 until certain .of the vola- 1 10 tile gases are released. I It be obvious that the intense heat'to which the wall 6 is subjected because of its close proximity to the grates willquickly heat the fuel and cause the same to partially or completely coke. In other words, the chamber 7 constitutes a distilling-chamber wherein certain of the gaseous properties of the fuel are dis-' tilled or released and allowed topass out through the openings 49 before the fuel is deosited in the combustion-chamber. It will e obvious that by the use of adistilling provided with outlets the same. might be an.

important feature in furnaceconstruction. if used merely as a heating-chamber. It will be seen by reference to Fi 2 that the outeror front end of said cham er, which accommodates the stoker34, is completely andpen manently closed and that said stoker isop.-

erated by means of the rod which. passesthrough said closed wall. ITherefore sub.- stantially no .cold air is permitted to enter the main combustion-chamber when el is introduced, inasmuch as the door 33 w1ll he immediatel closed after the contents of the measuring- 0 per has beendeposited in .the chamber 7,. uel passes from the. distilling.-

chamber 7 through the .outlet'.48.at the. rear. andis deposited directly upon the grates of thefurnace. Thef grate 9 preferably consists of a plurality of horizontally-disposed. grate .b&I S..50,7 which operate .upon ways 51, anchored in any suitable manner to the side walls 19. Said grate-bars are. operated by a lever ,52, which is. ivotallysecured at 53 to the outer front wall 1 of the furnaceand is connected .With the grate 50 by a. link 54. In. thepreferred form the grate-bars 50 do notrex-tend,

throughout. the entire depth of-the coinbus-.

tion-c amber, butare supplemented ;by-an extension .10, having bars 55, which are desirably inclined with respect to the bars 50. The said inclined 'bars 55 are mounted,at their upper ends u'pon metallic .brackets 5 6,- the latter havin' trunnions 57 ,f adapted to engage slots 58, ormed on the outer ends of V e lengt to ermit the bars. 50 and 55 to be re] ate 55. Saidjslots are of sufficient ciprocate in forward and rearward direc-' tions to their. extreme limit i of 1 movement. Said inclined bars 55 are pivotally secured to the bars 50 and are provided with an overlap ping grate-bar, 59, which prevents fuel from clogging the pivotal juncture.

. cheap fuel is used can be prevented.

fill in the broken spaces.

; mary to front wall 1 of the furnace.

By referenceto Fig. 2 it will be seen that as the lever 52 is moved toward and away from the furnace a uniform reciprocation of-the grate 50 and 55 will be effected. Said brackets 56'are provided with a protecting-apron 60, which extends from the rear wall 5 forwardly some distance over the inclined grate 55. By reference to Fig. 2 it will be noted that the a ron- 60 is in'direct vertical alinement with t e outlet of the chamber'7 and that said apron therefore receives the discharged fuel direct from the distilling-chamber and de-.

fleets said fuel directly upon the grate, thereby efl'ectively protecting the slot and trimnion connection.

Distilled fuel from the chamber 20 falling upon the grate will be quickly ignited, as it will be in a very dry. condition, and it will also be of a brittle and granular consistency,

thereby retarding instead of promoting the formation of clinkers. Y

will not be at any time rigidly compact, but will be comparatively loose, thereby insuring uniform reduction of the fuel to a soft ash. It iswell known that while it is desirable to spread the fire-bed uniformly over the grate and completely cover the same it is not desirable that the bed should crust and become a rigid layer, since such a formationentirely precludes'the passage of air, and consequently retardscombustion. While the ,fuel'coming from the distilling chamber will not ordi-. narily crust, theconstructions of the gratebars are such that any such tendency in case In the first place the inclined position of the bars 55 would naturally cause the fuel falling thereon'to agitate the fire-bed, break it up, and

featurethe operator may by means of the le-' ver 52 not only vary the inclination of the bars- 55,. but impart-thereto avibratory or.

oscillatory movement, the result of which would not only loosen the fire-bed, but would =cause any clinker formation I ti) gradually work forward thereon and descend onto the said grate 50,-" when it would be gradually Referring. now to Figs. 2-and 3, air cham-- bersor jackets 15 15, formed in the side walls Thus the fire bed In addition to this.

:moved-forward by oscillatory movement .of' thegrate and. descend to the ash-pit.

' I will now describe theconstru'ction of the -I I5 2, are shown extending rearwardly from the l The',ends of said jackets at the wall 1 areclosed by doors 61, having adjustable dampers. By means of horizontal passages 62 terminating in atperustures 63, air is supplied to the main com tion-cham'ber beneath the grates thereof. It

' heated, so that when it reaches the fire-bed the temperature of the same will not be decreased and the draft supplied thereto will be far more effective than would cold air. In

I justab are also provided, which communicate with theapertures 65 and form additional jacketing for the furnace. The chambers-17 are likewise provided with closable inlets 66, having dampers, Fig. 1. Air-chambers 67, havin ledampers, are formed in the walls of the rear or secondary combustion-chamber 12, said air-jackets having terminal openings 69, whereby delivery of the heated air is made to the secondary combustion-chamber,

I Figs. 2 and 4.

- The vapors and products of combustion assfrom the fire-grates through apertures ormed near the top of thewall 5 and thence downwardly through apertures. formed in transverse walls 70 into the secondary combustion -.chamber. A portion of the flame and vapors pass out laterally through apertures' 71, formed in the walls 19, and .mix in the intermediate chambers 18, with the released gases passing outwardly through openfings 49. As said mixed gases .pass rearwardly through openings in the transverse wall 5 they are mixed with heated air enteringthrough openings 65, at which pointco'mbustion of the mixed air and vapor takes place, the same entering the secondary combustion-chamber 12 in a state of partial combustion. Combustion of said flame and gases is completed in chamber 12 by the furtherintroduction of heated air through openings 69. It will be noted that the mixed air and-gases passmg through the openings in the walls'5 and are confined in a-relatively l restricted area. Therefore combustion wi necessarilybe incomplete and gradual, whereas when the gases are introduced in the charm: ber12' theysuddenly enter. into an increased area, the consequentexpansion and the further supply of air promoting therein immediate an complete combustion. Because of the location of the boiler at this point" the and most complete combustion greatest heat It will be ob vious that by means is desirable.

of peep-windows 71'. and72, formed, res eG- tively, in the primary and secondary com tion-chambers, the operator is ermitted to examine the conditions under w ch the furinlets '68,'closed by doors having ad- .in the distilled gases .through walls nace is operating. When using fuel of one grade, it may be necessary to shut off the supply of heated air in the chamber 12, while in the use of other grades such supply will be necessary to effect complete combustion. Therefore a great advantage is obtained by introducing heated air at different points throughout the passage of the products of combustion. over furnaces wherein mixture is only possible at one point, generally at the forward 'end of the furnace. In the lastmentioned arrangement, which is a prevalent one,-the air in-take can only effect combustion in the rear of the furnace after effecting combustion at the forward end. In the use of high-grade coal,'where combustion is very complete, the air-supply could be to a great extent closed, while in the use of a cheaper grade of fuel, where combustion is promoted with greater difliculty, the air-supply needed at the rear end of the furnace could not be produced, because the supply would have to be carried entirely from the front end.

With my improved system of air-chambers the furnace is not only completely jacketed by heated air, but the latter may be supplied to the combustion-chamber at any desired point in any desired quantity. Because of the complete and effective combustion which I am enabled to produce a high efiiciency may {he pbtained froma relatively cheap grade of ue In the modified form shown in Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, the main combustion-chamber 8 is provided with a distilling-chamber 7, wherepass out through discharge end 48 and mix with the plain and heated vapor of the combustion-chamber and in this mixture pass outwardly through openings 71. The gases passing from t e main combustion-chamber 8 enter intermediate mixing-chambers 18 and pass rearwardly on either side of the lateral walls 19 of the main combustion-chamber; It will be noted that except for the outlets 71 the main combustion-chamber is entirely closed and is unprovided with a rear outlet to the flametrunk. This form of furnace is especially adapted in cases where the draft at its minimum is very strong. The mixture of the distilled gases and heated vapors taking place in the combustion-chamber instead of in the mixing-chamber has many advantages for this ty e of furnace. The gases passing from t ecombustion-chamber are mixed with the heated air entering at 7 3, the combined heated air and gases passing rearwardly 70 into the secondary combustion-chamber 12 and upwardly therefrom into the furnace 14. The secondary combustion-chamber 12 is provided with independent air-jackets for {supplying heated air 'which enters the chamber through openings 69 and is admitted to jackets through closable doors 74. Air-jackets 76 admit air in theopenings73 and are controlled by clo sable inlets 77. Inthe modified form the airjackets 78 are provided-with. a communicating subterranean passage 79, which is provided with suitable outlets 80 in the end wall 81, whereby the heated air is permitted to pass directly into the combustion-chamber to points beneath the grate-bars, and are located in such a position as to direct the inlet of heated air directly through'the inclined bars and upwardly therethrough to the outlets 71.

By. this. means it will be seen that the heated air-entering the chamber 8 through the outlets 80 will be forced to pass through both the inclined and horizontal grateebars to the openings 71, this disposition of the air inlets producing a very effective draft. In constructionswhere the rear wall of the combustionchamber is closed the mounting of the inclined grate-bars is desirably located within the recessed portion 82 and the fuel discharging from the distilling-chamber is received directly upon the inclinedgrate-bars 10' instead of being received upon an overhanging apron, as shown in Fig. 2. The upper end of the recessed portion 80 is preferably closed by a downwardly-projecting deflecting-plate 83, which serves. to effectively-protect the trunnion-and-slot connection of the inclined grates from being clogged by the fuel and serves in addition to prevent the discharged fuel from passing rearwardly over the end of the grate 10. This is a very advantageous construction, inasmuch as the deflectingplate 'is at no time directly subjected to heat of the fuel. I also desirably rovide a s ecial clinker-chamber 84 in the orward' en of the ash-pit 11, which serves to receive the clinkersas they are moved upwardly upon the rate by reciprocation of the latter. It will e noted that while the clinker-chamber 84 will to some extent be filled with ashes "the clinkers will nevertheless be to a great extent received in said chamber, and will thereby be automatically separatedfrom the larger amount of ashes. deposited in the ash-pit.

While I have herein shown a single embodiment of my. invention, it will be obvious that changes may readily be made therefrom without de arting from the spirit of the invention.

There ore I What I claimgand desire to secure byLetters Patent, isr

1. A furnace comprising a main combuss tion-chamber, a secondary combustion-chamher, a flame-trunk connecting said chambers,

' a distilling-chamber formed in said main combus'tion-chamber, intermediate miXing-chambers adapted to receive distilled gases and vapors 1 from saiddistilling and combustion chambers, said intermediate chambers communicatin with the flame-trunk, and rlpeans supply eated air tosaid flame-trun.

-- 2. i am I ace. comprising .a combustionchamber having a outlet-passage for main outlet-passage, mixingchambers 10- cated between said combustion and air chain bers, a distilling-chamber formed'in said combustion-chamber, means whereby the distilled gases and vapors are conveyed to said mixing chambers, and means wherebysaid.

gases and vapors are conveyed to said main outlet-passage.

4. A furnace comprising a main combustion-chamber, a secondary combustion-cham ber, a flame-trunk connecting said chambers; a distilling-chamber formed in said main combustion-chamber, intermediate mixing-chambers adapted to receive distilled gases and vapors from said distilling and combustion chambers, said intermediate-chambers communicatingwith the flame-trunk, means sup-- plying heated air to said flame trunk, and means whereby heated air may be introduced in said secondary chamber. 5. A furnace comprising a combustionchamber, having a main outlet-passage for the products of combustion, means su plying heated air to said outlet, a distilling-c amber formed in said combustion-chamber, means Whereb the distilled (gases are conveyed to the out ct-passage, an a second'arycombustion-chamber connected with said main out let-passage. I

6'. A furnace comprising a combustionchamber, having a main outlet-passage for the products of combustion, means supplying heated air to said'outlet, a distilling-chamber formed in said combustion-chamber; means whereby the distilled gases are conveyed to the outlet-passage, a secondary combustion-chamber connected with said main outlet-passage, and means whereby heated air maybe supplied to said last-mentioned chamber. 7. A furnace comprising a combustionchamber having a main outlet-passage, air chambers or 'ackets surr'oundin said combustion-chatn er,"means control ing the admission of air to said air-chambers, said airchambers having openings terminatin in said main outlet-passage, mixing-chain ers located between said; combustion and air f chambers, a distilling chamber formed insaid combustion-chamber, means whereby the dis tilled gases and vapors are conveyedto said mixing-chambers," means whereby said gases and vapors are "conve ed to said main outlet passage, and a secon ary chamber connected with said main outlet and adapted to receive the productsof combustion, gases and air.

1 8. A furnace comprising a combustionchamber having a main outlet-passage, air chambers or 'ackets surroundin said combustion-cham er, means control g the admission of air to said chambers, said air-chambers having openings terminating in said main outlet passage, mixing chambers 10-, cated between said combustion and air'chambers, a distilling-chamber formed in said oombustion-chamber, means whereby the ,dis-' tilled gases and vapors are conveyed to said mixing-chambers, means whereby said gases a and vapors are conveyed to said main outletpassage, a secondary combustion-chamber connected with said main-outlet and adapted. to receive the products of combustion, gases and air, and means supplying heated air to said secondary chamber. a In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses. i TOZABURO SUZU. Witnesses:

UHAonIIsHIwARA, GENJI KURIBORA;

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