US816275A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

No. 816,275. PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906.

' R. S.'THOMPSON.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23, 1904.

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PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906.

izwmwz/ No. 816,275. PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906. R. S. THOMPSON.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 23, 1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RALPH s. THOMPSON, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, AssIGN'oRflrO SPRINGFIELD FURNACE COMPANY, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, A

CORPORATION OF OHIO.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

T0 (1 whom, it may concern.-

Be-it known that I, RALPH S. THOMPSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to heating apparatus, and particularly to hot-air furnaces adapted to use as fuel coal, coke, wood, or gas.

The object of my invention is to simplify the construction of such devices whereby they are not only cheapened but are rendered more efficient in operation by providing a structure wherein a high percentage of heat units usually lost by escape through the chimney may be utilized. This is accomplished by the arrangement of the circulation of the smoke and gaseous products of combustion on the way to the chimney and of the air as it passes through the furnace casing on its way to-enter the hot-air pipes. The relation of these is such that all the heat contained in these gaseous products, except a small per cent. which is necessary in order to maintain the draft, is taken from them by the air and used to heat the building.

A further object is to provide a structure in which there will be a more perfect combustion of fuel.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view my invention consists of the means, construction, and mode of operation hereinafter described, and set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved heating apparatus, the top of the casing being removed. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the apparatus, a portion of the casing being broken away to expose the firebox. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the apparatus with the front of the casing and fire-box removed. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In the drawings, a represents a rectangular metal casing preferably supported upon a suitable framework of angle-iron, as illustrated. Connected with the top of this casing a is a series of hot-air pipes at a, by which the heated air is conveyed to various parts of the house. The casing a is cut away on opposite sides at a to providefanai'r-inlet, the supply being drawn from 'the furnaceroom. However, a connection may be-made with the exterior of the building withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

b is the fire-box or furnace proper, which may be of any suitable form, lInthed fawings is shown a rectangular fire-box having a corrugated fire-pot I), a combustion-chamber W, a firing-door b grates b, andan ashpit 5'. Immediately in the rear of the coinbustion-chamber b communicating therewith through a comparativelylarge opening, is a secondary combustion-chamber or drum 0, formed of sheet metal. A- draft-openings in the firing-door 6 sends a large'jet of fresh air over the bed of hot;co'als-and into this chamber, producing perfect combustion of the smoke and gas arising fromthe fuel.

leading therefrom are lateral flues c a, which connect with the uppermost of a series oflongitudinal fiues d d or radiator-pipes, which are technically known'as separators. The separators d (1 (four being shown i1 1 -the drawings) extend longitudinally through'th'e casing a, with their ends protruding beyond saidcasing both in front andre'ar. The-protruding ends of the separatorsareproviided with removable caps (P, by means of which the separators may be easily opened when necessary for cleaning. The products of combustion after entering the upper separators (1 forward ends, where there are attached eating with the lower separators (1. Through the lower separators the products of combustion are conducted rearwardly. Near their rearward ends the lower separators are connected by the lateral arms d d of a T, the longitudinal arm of which communicates with a flue or smoke-stack 6. By referring to Figs. 1 and 3 it will be seen that the upper and lower separators d and d are not in the same vertical plane, but are somewhat staggered.

To give to the current of fresh air which enters at a below the sides of the casing a, a tortuous passage to the hot-air pipes, so as to assure the fresh air being thoroughly heated by contact with the separators and drum, deflectors f f are provided. The deflector f occupies a horizontal plane somewhat lower downwardly-extending flues d communi- Adjacent to the rear end of the drumc'and pass forward to a point in proximity to their IOO than that of the lower separators and immediately below the secondary combustionchamber 0. The deflector f prevents the air rushing straight upward to the hot-air pipes, in which course it would only come in contact with the shell of the combustion-chamber. By means of this deflector f the air is only permitted to pass upwardly at either side of the casing a, where it will first contact with the lower separator d, extracting from the spent products of combustion passing therethrough any heat which still remains therein. After passing the lower separator the aircur rent passes over the upper separator, containing live products of combustion, at a comparatively high temperature and extracting therefrom a great amount of heat.

Extending inwardly from either side of the casing a and above the separators d are the deflectors f, by which the air-current is directed toward the center of the casing and into contact with the combustion-chamber c, from which it derives a final heating, thus entering the distributing-pipes a at a high degree of temperature.

To prevent the overheating of the lower separators where they pass in proximity to the fire-box, and, further, to prevent the overheating of the front of the casing, a deflector 9, extending around three sides of the fire box, is provided, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

While in the drawings there are shown but two series of separator-pipes consisting of but two pipes each, it is to be understood that either the number of series or the number of pipes in each may be increased without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It will be seen that by this construction the cold air enters the casing and is gradually heated at each successive step until it reaches its highest temperature at the moment of distribution; that a very large portion of the heat units are separated from the products of combustion before the latter reach the chimney, thus affording great economy in the use of fuel by producing a great amount of heat which may be utilized from a minimum amount of fuel.

Having thus described my invention, I claim In a heating apparatus as described, the combination of a rectangular casing, an airinlet and an air-outlet in said casing, a firebox and a combustion-chamber in said casing, a secondary combustion-chamber of comparative large size extending rearward from the primary combustion-chamber, upper and lower pairs of separator tubes extending through said rectangular casing with their ends protruding beyond the walls thereof, said upper pair of separatortubes being more widely separated than the lower pair of separator-tubes, a connection between the secondary combustion chamber and each separator-tube of the upper pair, a connection between each upper separator-tube and its corresponding lower separator-tube, a flue and a connection between the flue and each of the lower separatortubes, a horizontal deflector below the secondary combustionchamber, and inclined deflectors attached to the walls of said rectangular casing and overhanging the upper separator-tubes, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of November, A. D. 1904.

RALPH s. THOMPSON.

Witnesses:

Cram. 1. WELCH, CLIFTON P. GRANT.

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