US800034A - Automatic smoke-consuming device. - Google Patents

Description

No. 800,034. PATENTED SEPT. 19, 1905 0. C. & 0. M. ULRICH & B. F. SCHUBERT. AUTOMATIC SMOKE CONSUMING DEVICE..

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1905.

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' APPLICATION FILED 01113.27. 190s.

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No. 800,034. Y PATENTED SEPT. I9, 1905.

0. C. & 0. M. ULRICH & B. SCHUBERT. AUTOMATIC SMOKE CONSUMING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAILZ?, 1905.

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No. 800.034. PATENTED SEPT. I9, 1905. C. C. C o. M. ULEICII C E. E. sCEIIEEET. AUTOMATIC SMOKE CCNSUMINC DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1905.

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22E/WMZ UNITED STATES PATENT CEEICE.

OSCAR C. ULRICH AND OSCAR M. ULRICH, OF KANSAS CITY, MIS- SOURI, AND BERNARD F. SCHUBERT, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT or CoLUMRiA.

AUTOMATIC SMOKE-CONSUNIING DEVICE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1905.

Application filed March 27, 1905. Serial No. 252,291.

. Improvements in Automatic Smoke-Consuming Devices; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, sucli as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to improvements in ,smoke-consuming devices for steam-boilerand other furnaces, and more particularly to that class of such devices in which combustible matter in the smoke, gases, and other products of combustion is consumed by being burned in an auxiliary combustion-cliamber or firebox located beneath the boiler in rear of the main fire-box or combustion-chamber.

One object of the invention is to provide a simple and efcient device of this character by means of which the capacity for combustion and the heating-surface of the furnace will be greatly increased, so that all the combustible matter in smoke, gases, and products of combustion will be entirely consumed.

Another object ofthe invention is to so construct tlie auxiliary combustion-chamber and arrange the burners therein that all the smoke and products of combustion passing from the main combustion-chamber will be drawn into the auxiliary combustion-chamber and cause a circulation'therein in a circular path, so that every particle of combustible. matter contained in the smoke and gases will be brought into contact with the iames of the burner and be entirely consumed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a simple and eiiicient means for simultaneously throwing the smoke-consuming device into and out of operation and turning the damper in the escape-'stack on and off.

WV ith the above and other objects in view the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a smoke-consuming furor main combustion-chamber 10.

nace constructed in4 accordance with our invention. Fig. 2 1s a vertical longitudinal sectional view through the same. Fig. 3 1s a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the line 3 3 in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line i 4 in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a detail horizontal sectional View taken on the line 5 5 in Fig. 3.

In the accompanying drawings we have illustrated our invention as applied to a steamboiler furnace 1 of Well-known form, which comprises acylindrical boiler-shell 2, mounted horizontallyin a brick casing 3. The boilershell 2 has extending therethrough the usual iiue-tubes 4, which have their forward ends opening into a chamber 5, to which is connected an escape stack or passage 6, a damper 7 of well-known form being provided in the latter. In the casing 3 beneath the forward part of the boiler is the usual {ire-grate 8, which separates the ash-pit 9 from the main fire-box or combustion chamber 10. The usual transversely-extending Ere-wall 11 is provided at the rear of the grate 8 and has a concave or semicircular upper edge or top 12, as shown.

In rear of the fire-box 10 and beneath the rear portion of the boiler-shell 2 is constructed an auxiliary combustion-chamber 15 of circular or frusto-conical form. This chamber is constructed by arranging the bricks 16 of its successive tiers or layers radially, as clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings,land itis made smaller in diameter at its top than at its bottom by having the inner ends of the bricks of each successive tier or layer project slightly over or beyond those of the next lower tier or layer,as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. These bricks 16 are only cemented or united by flre-clay17 at their innerends, the spaces 18 between their outer portions being left open, as Seen in Fig. 5, to allow for expansion and contraction. This auxiliary combustion-chamber 15 may bc of any desired size and depth, and in it at suitable points are arranged one or more burners 19, which are adapted to project their flames angularly, so as to cause a circular motion of the smoke, gases, and products of combustion passing into said chamber from the fire-box The burners 19 may be of any desired form and construction and are only conventionally illus- IOO trated in the drawings. As clearly shown in Fig. 5, two of said burners are provided, one upon each side of the lire-box, and they project through vangular-ly-disposed air-inlet openings 20, formed in the brick work or casing 3. Airis injected or drawn into the chamber 15 through these openings or passages 2O by means of the rotary circulation of the gases within said chamber for the purpose of assisting the llames of the burners in consuming the carbon and other combustible particles contained in the smoke and gases. It will vbe understood that air is also injected into this chamber through the burner-tubes 19, together with the oil or gas which is Aburned by said burners.

In order to control the passage of the smoke, gases, and products of combustion as they pass over the usual fire-wall 11 and to cause the same to circulate downwardly through the auxiliary combustion-chamber 15 or to pass directly under the boiler and back through the flue-tubes 4, we provide centrally and transversely above the auxiliary combustionchamber 15 a hollow partitionwall 21, in which is slidably mounted a controlling gate or valve 22. This partition-wall is construct- A ed by building two side portions 23 and 24,

between which the gate 22 slides upon a fireclay slab 25,which extends transversely across the center of the top of the chamber 15. The front side or portion 23 of this wall is fiat, as shown, and stops a suiicient distance below the bottom of the boiler to permit the heated air and products of combustion from the fire upon the grate 8 to pass freely and directly under the boiler whensaid gate 22 is lowered within said wall. The gate 22 consists of a fire-clay slab 26, which has its upper end concave or semicircular in form to permit it to snugly engage the bottom of the boiler-shell 2 when elevated, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. The sides or ends 27 of this fire-slab slide in vertical grooves or channels 28, formed in the brick Work or casing 3. The slab 26 is supported upon a casting 29 bymeans of lugs 30, provided upon said casting and projecting into recesses formed in the bottom of said slab. This casting 29 is secured'upon the upperend of a vertically-disposed rod 31, which projects through a central opening 32, formed in the slab 25, and through a tubular post or standard 33, arranged beneath said slab 25 and adapted to assist insupporting the same. Upon the lower end of the rod 31, which projects into a chamber 34, formed beneath the bottom of the furnace, is a flanged friction-roller 35, which is adapted to engage one arm ofalever 36. rThis lever 36 is pivoted, as at 37, in a bracket 38 and has its other arm engaged with a flanged friction-roller 39, provided upon the lower reduced end 40 of a plunger 41, which serves as a counterbalancing-weight for the gate or valve 22. This plunger or piston is cylindrical in form and adapted to slide freely within the pneumatic cylinder 42, which is secured, by means of brackets 43, upon oneI of the outer sides of the furnace-casing3. The cylinder 42 is provided at its upper end with a three-way cock 44, through which compressed air or other suitable motive fluid may beadmitted and exhausted for the purpose of operating the piston or plunger 41. The valve 42 may be of any desired form and construction and may be operated automatically or manually, as desired. We preferably, however, provide connections (not illustrated) which extend to the front of the boiler, so that the engineer may operate the device from that point. The cylinder 42 is closed at its upper end by a screw cap or head 45, and at its lower end is provided a stuiing-box 46 to prevent the escape of air around the piston 42, which projects through the lower end of said cylinder. It will be seen that when air, steam, or other motive iuid is admitted through the valve 44 and into the upper end of the cylinder 42 the piston 41 will be forced downwardly to elevate the gate or fire-slab to its closed position (shown in Fig. 3) and that when the air or steam is permitted to escape from the cylinder the gate or slab will lower between the side portions of the partition-wall 21 by gravity.

In order to operate the damper 7 in the escape-stack at the same time the lire-slab or gate 22 is operated, we provide upon the upper end of the piston 21 a rod 46', which projects through a stuiiing-box 47, formed in the head 45, and is loosely connected, as shown at 48, toone arm of a bell-crank lever 49. This lever is pivoted, as at 50, to a bracket upon the top of the casing 3 and has its other` arm connected by a link 51 to a crank-arm 52, provided upon a pivot 53 of the damper 7. It will be seen that when the lire-slab or gate 22 is elevated the damper 7 will be opened, and when the former is lowered said damper will be closed.

1t will be seen that the partition-wall 21 divides the top of the auxiliaryV combustionchamber into'an inlet or suction opening 55 and an outlet or discharge opening 56, which are located u'pon opposite sides of said wall. In order to properly direct the smoke and gases into this inlet opening or mouth 55 of the combustion-chamber, we construct the rear side 57 of the wall 11 so that it inclines downwardly and rearwardly and so that it is semicircular in shape, as clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. This side 57 of said wall isconstructed by arranging the bricks of the different layers of which it is composed radially, as shown, and having the bricks of Yeach successive layer or tier set slightly back upon those of the layer or tier next above. The spaces between the outer portions of these bricks are also left open, s o that the bricks may expand and contract freely. It

will be seen that as the smoke and gases pass IOO IIO

over the curved top of the wall 11 they strike l the gate 22 and partition-wall 21 and rebound against the curved stepped "side 57 of the wallll and are directed intothe mouth orinlet 55 of the combustion-chamber 15. After circulating in this chamber and being brought into contact with the ames of the burners 19, so that they will be entirely or partially consumed, they pass upwardly through the discharge or outlet opening 56 of said chamber into another chamber or compartment 58, which is formed between the rear side or portion 24 of the partition-wall 21 and a deilector-wall 59, which is disposed directly beneath the .rear end of the boiler-shell 2 and in front of a pit 60 in which soot and dust formed by the combustion of the smoke and gases may be collected, so as to permit them to be readily removed. In this chamber 58 we preferably provide two or more auxiliary burners 61, which are similar to the burners 19 and which are arranged at opposite points in the sides of the casing 3. These burners project through air-inlet openings 62, formed in said casingv and in the lower portions of vertically-disposed tire-slabs 68, which are arranged at opposite points in the sides of said casing. These burners 61 direct their( llames toward each other and into the gases and products of combustion discharged through the opening' 56, so that any combustible particles of matter which may escape being consumed in the chamber 15 will be consumed in the chamber 58. In order to retard or check the passage of the heated air and products of combustion through the chamber 58, the front side Aof the deflector-wall 59 is provided with pockets 64, which are formed by having every other layer or tier 65 of bricks, of which the said wall is made, overhang those between them, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The forward side or face of the deflector-wall 59 is curved, asA shown in Fig. 4. 4Heat-containing pockets 66 are also provided at the ends of the portion 24 of the partition-wall 21 for the purpose of checking or retarding the passage of the heated air and products of combustion through the chamber 58. These pockets 66 are formed by placing the end bricks of each alternate tier or layer of the .wall 24 angularly, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

The operation of the invention is as follows:

When a fire is started upon the grate 8 or a fresh supply of fuel is placed thereon, so that heavy smoke and gases pass over the wall 11, the gate 22 is elevated and the damper 7 opened by operating the valve 44 of the pneumatic operating device. The smoke and gases then pass downwardly in front of the partition-wall 21 and into the auxiliary combustion-chamber 15, whe-re the combustible vmatter which they contain is brought into contact with the iiames of the burners 19 by reason of the circulation in said chamber.'` Should any com-- bustible particles fail to be consumed by the Hannes from the burners 19, they will be consumed by the flames from the burners 61 as they pass out of the chamber 15 and into the chamber 58. From the chamber 58 the heated air and products of combustion pass around the end of the boiler through the flue-tubes 4 and out through the escape-stack 6. After the fuel upon the grate 8 has burned, so that there is little or no smoke passing over the wall 11, the gate 22 may be lowered, thereby permitting the heat from the fire to pass directly under the boiler and over the top of the wall 21.

While we have shown and described the preferred embodiment of our invention, it will be understood that the same may be applied to furnaces of'any description and that various changes inthe forni, proportion, and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

I 1. A furnace having a main combustionchamber, a passage leading therefrom, an auxiliary combustion-chamber under and connmunicating with said passage, means to create a circular draft in the auxiliary combustionchamber, and means to open and close said passage to cause the draft from the main combustion-chamber to pass either through the passage or the said auxiliary combustionchamber, at will.

2. The combination of a furnace having a main combustion-chamber, an auxiliary com-A bustion-chamber and a boiler disposed above said chamber, a partition-wall arranged across the open upper end of said auxiliary com bustion-chamber and forming an inlet or suction opening and a discharge-opening for said auxiliary combustion-chamber, a gas-consuming means in said auxiliary combustion-chamber, said partition-wall having its top spaced from the bottom of said boiler, and a movable gate in said partition-wall for controlling the passage of gases above and through said auxiliary combustion-chamber.

8. The combination of a furnace having a main combustion-chamber, an auxiliary combustion-chamber and a boiler disposed above said chamber, a partition-wall arranged across the open upper .end of said auxiliary combustion-chamber and forming an inlet or suction opening and a discharge-opening for said auxiliary combustion-chamber, a gas-consuming means in said auxiliary' combustion-chamber, said partition-wall having its top spaced from the bottom of said boiler, a sliding gate in said partition-wall for controlling the passage of gases above and through said auxiliary combustion-chamber and means for raising and lowering said gate.,

4. The combination'of a furnace having a IOO IIO

main combustion-chamber, an auxiliary combustion-chamber and a boiler disposed above said chamber, a partition-wall arranged across the open upper end of said auxiliary combustion-chamber and forming an inlet or suction opening and a discharge-opening for said auxiliary combustion-chamber, a gas-consuming means in said auxiliary combustion-chamber, said partition-wall having its top spaced from the bottom of said boiler, a sliding gate in said partition-wall for controlling the passage of gases above and through said auxiliary combustion-chamber, an escape stack or passage for said furnace, a damper in said stack or passage and means for simultaneously operating said gate and said damper.

5. rlhe combination of a boiler, a main combustion-chamber located beneath the front of the same, an auxiliary combustion-chamber in the form of a circular pit located beneath the rear of said boiler and having overhang-I ing walls, an angularly-disposed burner arranged in said pit, a hollow partition-wall arranged transversely over the open top of said pit, a vertically-sliding gate in said partitionwall adapted to open and close the space between the top of the latter and the bottom of said boiler, a deflector-wall arranged beneath the rear. of said boiler in rear of said partitionwall, and a burner arranged between said deiiector-wall and said partition-wall, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a boiler, a main combustion-chamber located beneath the front of the same, an auxiliary combustion-chamber in the form of a circular pit located beneath the rear of said boiler and having overhanging walls, a fire-wall arranged between said chambers and having arearwardly and downwardly inclined rear face, an angularly-disposed burner arranged in said pit, a hollow partition-wall arranged transversely over the open top of said pit, a vertically-slidable gate in said partition-wall adapted to open` and close the space between said partition-wall and said boiler, means for raising and lowering said gate, a deflector-wall arranged. beneath the rear of said boiler in rear of said partition-wall, fire-slabs arranged between said deflector and partition walls and oppositely-disposed burners projecting through said slabs, said deflector-wall having its front face formed with heat-retaining pockets.

7. The combination of a boiler, a main combustion-chamber, an auxiliary combustionchamber in the form of a substantially semicircular pit or well, a lire-wall disposed between said chambers and having its rear face curved longitudinally and inclined downwardly and rearwardly to the top of said pit, a partition-wall disposed across the top of said pit, a movable gate mounted in said partitionwall and adapted to open and close the space between the latter and said boiler, an angularly-disposed burner in said pit, a detlectorwall disposed adjacent to the discharge of said pit and having one of its faces curved longitudinally and formed with heatretaining pockets, and a burner arranged between said deflector and partition walls and adjacent to the discharge of said pit, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a furnace having an auxiliary combustion-chamber arranged beneath its boiler, a partition-wall arranged across the open top of said chamber, a gate slidably mounted in said partition-wall, a rod secured to said gate and extending downwardly through said wall and said auxiliary combustion-chamber, a friction-roller upon said rod, a lever having one end engaged with said roller, a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a friction-roller carried by oneend of said piston and adapted to engage the other end of said lever and a valve for controlling the admission and exhaust of a motive fluid to and from said cylinder.

9. The combination with a furnace having an auxiliary combustion-chamber arranged beneath its boiler, a partition-wall arranged across the open top of said chamber, a gate slidably mounted in said partition-wall and consisting of a fire-clay slab and a casting secured thereto, a rod secured to said casting and extending downwardly through said wall and said auxiliary combustion chamber, a friction-roller upon said rod, a lever having one of its ends engaged with said roller, a cylinder having stufing-boxes at its ends, acounterbalancing piston slidably mounted in said cylinder and having its lower end projecting through the same, a friction-roller carried by the lower end of said piston and engaged with the other end of said lever, a valve for controlling the admission and exhaust of a motive fluid to and from said cylinder, a bellcrank having one of its arms loosely connected to the upper end of said piston, an escapestack for said furnace, aidamper in said stack and a link connecting said damper andthe other arm of said bell-crank.

10. A furnace having a main combustionchamber, a passage leading therefrom, an auxiliary combustionchamber communicating with said passage, a gate to open and close said passage to cause the draft to pass either through the passage or the said auxiliary comkbustion-chamber, a damper in the flue, and

operating means connecting the gate and damper to simultaneously reversely operate them, so that one opens when the other closes.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing Wit- DGSSCS.

OSCAR C. ULRICH. OSCAR M. ULRICH. BERNARD F. SCHUBERT. Witnesses:

JOHN L. FLETCHER,v JAMES F. Cox.

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